HISTOCHEMICAL LOCALIZATION OF FOUR DEHYDROGENASE SYSTEMS IN HUMAN OVARY DURING THE MENSTRUAL CYCLE

1961 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 293-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ikonen ◽  
M. Niemi ◽  
S. Pesonen ◽  
S. Timonen
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Endometrial Biopsy ◽  
Histochemical Localization ◽  
Vaginal Smear ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Human Ovary ◽  
Equal Distribution ◽  
Active Structures ◽  
Theca Interna

ABSTRACT The histochemical localization of four dehydrogenase systems (diphosphopyridine nucleotide diaphorase, lactic, succinic and steroid-3β-ol-dehydrogenase) has been studied in human ovary during the menstrual cycle. The phase of the cycle was determined using endometrial biopsy and vaginal smear examination and by estimations of the urinary excretion of pregnanediol-complex. All the dehydrogenases were found to exhibit equal distribution; the most active structures were the theca interna cells of the developing follicles and both thecal and granulosa lutein cells of the corpora lutea. Atretic follicles as well as corpora albicans consistently showed moderate dehydrogenase activity. Formazan deposit was always developed in the interstitial cells of the stroma. No changes were detected in the enzyme activity during the follicular and progestational phases of the cycle.

Immunohistochemical localization of 17α-hydroxylase/C17–20 lyase and aromatase cytochrome P-450 in the human ovary during the menstrual cycle

1992 ◽  
Vol 135 (3) ◽  
pp. 589-NP ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Tamura ◽  
J. Kitawaki ◽  
T. Yamamoto ◽  
Y. Osawa ◽  
S. Kominami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Granulosa Cells ◽  
Polyclonal Antibodies ◽  
Immunohistochemical Localization ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Human Ovary ◽  
Normal Human ◽  
Theca Interna ◽  
Cytochrome P 450

ABSTRACT Immunohistochemical localization of 17α-hydroxylase/C17–20 lyase (P-45017α,lyase) and aromatase cytochrome P-450 (P-450arom) in normal human ovaries during the menstrual cycle was studied using specific polyclonal antibodies which were raised against corresponding enzymes. In the follicular phase of matured follicles, P-45017α,lyase was localized in theca interna cells and P-450arom in granulosa cells. P-45017α,lyase was expressed in theca interna cells before P-450arom was expressed in granulosa cells. The corpus luteum showed immunoreactivity to both enzymes and, after menstruation, immunoreactivity decreased gradually until it could not be detected in the corpus albicans. In corpus luteum graviditatis the immunoreactivity continued to be expressed strongly. In some atretic follicles, P-45017α,lyase and/or P-450arom continued to be expressed. In the stromal layer, P-45017α,lyase was detected in secondary interstitial cells, which originated from the theca interna of atretic follicles, and P-450arom was detected in hilar cells. Immunoreactivity to both enzymes was also detected in oocytes of developing follicles. These results are consistent with the two cell theory in the human ovary. They also suggest that androgens and oestrogens are produced not only by follicles and corpora lutea but also by stroma and oocytes. Journal of Endocrinology (1992) 135, 589–595

THE LH-hCG RECEPTOR OF HUMAN OVARY AT VARIOUS STAGES OF THE MENSTRUAL CYCLE

1975 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 568-576 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Wardlaw ◽  
N. H. Lauersen ◽  
B. B. Saxena
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Binding Sites ◽  
Receptor Site ◽  
Binding Activity ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Human Ovary ◽  
Slow Decline ◽  
Number Of Binding Sites ◽  
Human Ovaries ◽  
Hcg Receptor

ABSTRACT Receptors specific for hCG were found in human corpora lutea and follicles. hCG and LH were found to bind at a similar receptor site. The dissociation constant for hCG ranged from 10−10 to 10−11 mol/l in human corpora lutea. The number of binding sites for 125I-hCG ranged from 10−14 to 10−15 moles/mg protein in human corpora lutea. The binding of 125I-hCG to ovary was found to vary at different stages of the menstrual cycle. The binding of 125I-hCG to human ovaries increased on days 13–15 of the cycle, then declined slightly, and increased again on days 22–23. Following day 23, there was a slow decline until day 27 when binding activity could no longer be measured. No binding could be measured by the corpus luteum after the onset of menstruation or in corpora albicans.

ABSENCE OF COMPENSATORY OVARIAN HYPERTROPHY IN RATS WITH ANTERIOR HYPOTHALAMIC LESIONS

1961 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Béla Flerkó ◽  
Vera Bárdos
Keyword(s):  
Essential Role ◽  
Ovarian Tissue ◽  
Vaginal Smear ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Vaginal Smears ◽  
Hypothalamic Area ◽  
Unilateral Ovariectomy ◽  
Hypothalamic Lesions ◽  
Oestrogen Level ◽  
Stimulation Of

ABSTRACT Absence of compensatory ovarian hypertrophy in »constant oestrus rats« from lesions in the anterior hypothalamic area suggests that nervous elements localized in this region play an essential role in the stimulation of gonadotrophin output by diminution of the blood oestrogen level. The constant vaginal oestrus after unilateral ovariectomy in the majority of animals was, however, repeatedly interrupted by vaginal smears of a dioestrous type. The appearance of a dioestrous vaginal smear in the »hypothalamic constant oestrus rats« is often associated with some luteinisation. It is assumed that diminution of the blood oestrogen level by reduction of ovarian tissue in these animals may bring about a release of LH sufficient to cause formation of corpora lutea.

Association of serum progesterone level and endometrial estradiol & progesterone receptors in women with unexplained recurrent miscarriage

QJM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 114 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ihab Found Alam ◽  
Sherif Ahmed Ashoush ◽  
Ihab Adel Gomaa ◽  
Ahmed Sabry AbdEl-Hafeez
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Recurrent Miscarriage ◽  
Progesterone Receptors ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Endometrial Biopsy ◽  
Serum Progesterone ◽  
Normal Endometrium ◽  
History Of ◽  
Unexplained Recurrent Miscarriage

Abstract This study investigated the endometrial tissue to study the fluctuation of estrogen receptors (ERs) and progesterone receptors (PRs) in women with recurrent miscarriage compared with normal endometrium of fertile women. Forty women were divided into two groups: 20 non-pregnant women with history of recurrent miscarriage (who had three or more first- trimester miscarriages) and 20 controls. Both groups had regular ovulatory menses and proven fertility. Endometrial biopsy was taken in the two groups during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle, between the 8th and the 10th postovulatory days using an endometrial biopsy curette for determination of estrogen (E2) and progesterone (P4) hormones levels and their receptors. On the same day as the biopsy, a blood sample was taken for determination of estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) levels. The obtained results showed no significant differences between both groups regarding age, BMI, menarche, menstrual cycle & menstruation, significant decrease in E2 and P4 levels in the serum and endometrial biopsy of recurrent miscarriage women versus control. In control and recurrent miscarriage; ER levels in cytoplasm and salt extracted nucleus were higher than PR levels. ER and PR values were higher in the nuclear compartment than in the cytoplasmic compartment. The women with early recurrent miscarriage showed lower levels of both ER and PR significantly. All types of endometrial receptors (ER &PR) and hormones (E2 &P4) in serum and endometrium showed correlation relating to number of previous miscarriages.

scholarly journals The Apoptotic, Angiogenic and Cell Proliferation Genes CD63, S100A6 e GNB2L1 are Altered in Patients with Endometriosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (10) ◽  
pp. 606-613 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valéria Gomes ◽  
Camila Bonocher ◽  
Júlio Rosa-e-Silva ◽  
Cláudia de Paz ◽  
Rui Ferriani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Endometrial Biopsy ◽  
Gene Transcript ◽  
Eutopic Endometrium ◽  
Healthy Women ◽  
Paired Samples ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Control Study

Objective The aim of the present study was to analyze the expression of the CD63, S100A6, and GNB2L1genes, which participate in mechanisms related to the complex pathophysiology of endometriosis. Methods A case-control study was conducted with 40 women who were diagnosed with endometriosis, and 15 fertile and healthy women. Paired samples of eutopic endometrium and endometriotic lesions (peritoneal and ovarian endometriotic implants) were obtained from the women with endometriosis in the proliferative (n = 20) or secretory phases (n = 20) of the menstrual cycle. As controls, paired endometrial biopsy samples were collected from the healthy women in the proliferative (n = 15) and secretory (n = 15) phases of the same menstrual cycle. We analyzed the expression levels of the CD63, S100A6, and GNB2L1 genes by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results An increase in CD63, S100A6, and GNB2L1 gene transcript levels was observed in the ectopic implants compared with the eutopic endometrium of the women with and without endometriosis, regardless of the phase of the menstrual cycle. Conclusion These findings suggest that the CD63, S100A6, and GNB2L1 genes may be involved in the pathogenesis of endometriosis, since they participate in mechanisms such as inhibition of apoptosis, angiogenesis and cell proliferation, which lead to the loss of cell homeostasis in the ectopic endometrium, thus contributing to the implantation and survival of the tissue in the extrauterine environment.

scholarly journals Effects of clomiphene citrate plus estradiol or progesterone on endometrial ultrastructure: An RCT

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robabeh Taheripanah ◽  
Maryam Kabir-Salmani ◽  
Masoomeh Favayedi ◽  
Marzieh Zamaniyan ◽  
Narges Malih ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Clomiphene Citrate ◽  
Endometrial Biopsy ◽  
Estradiol Valerate ◽  
Serum Progesterone ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Estrogenic Effects ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Pinopods concentrations in endometrial surface is a marker of implantation. Estradiol valerate (EV) was used to change the adverse effects of Clomiphene Citrate (CC) on the endometrium. Objective: The goal was to assess whether there is a significant difference in the endometrial pinopods concentrations and other parameters after adding EV and progesterone to higher doses of CC. Materials and Methods: In this prospective randomized clinical trial, a total of 30 women who did not respond to 100 mg of CC from February 2016 to June 2016 were evaluated. They were divided into three groups: group I) received 150 mg of CC alone, group II) CC with EV, and group III) CC plus progesterone. On day 21 of the menstrual cycle, endometrial biopsy, a blood sampling, and a scanning by electron microscopy were performed. Results: On day 21 of the menstrual cycle, there was no significant difference in the pinopods concentrations (p = 0.641) and serum estrogen levels (p = 0.276) between groups. However, the Serum progesterone levels in group I was higher than the other two groups (p = 0.007) in the same day. Conclusion: Since the addition of EV and progesterone to higher dosages of CC did not change the pinopods concentration and serum estrogen levels on day 21 of the menstrual cycle, and the serum progesterone levels was higher in CC alone group (i.e. group I) compared to other groups, it can be concluded that the anti-estrogenic effects of CC just appear on the endometrium and not on the plasma levels. Key words: Ovulation induction, Clomiphene, Estradiol, Progesterone, Electron microscopy, Endometrium.

scholarly journals Stage-specific uptake of apolipoprotein-B in ovarian follicles and corpora lutea of the menstrual cycle and early pregnancy

1998 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 944-952 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Yamada ◽  
H. Fujiwara ◽  
N. Kataoka ◽  
T. Honda ◽  
T. Nakayama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Apolipoprotein B ◽  
Ovarian Follicles ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Specific Uptake

CYCLISCHE SCHWANKUNGEN DER AKTIVITÄTEN VON HYDROXYSTEROID-DEHYDROGENASEN IM CORPUS LUTEUM DES RINDES

1972 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 369-384
Author(s):  
H. Brandau ◽  
L. Brandau ◽  
G. Mutzke
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Optical Method ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Bovine Corpus Luteum ◽  
Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase

ABSTRACT In the bovine corpora lutea periodical activities of the Δ53β-, 3β-, 17β-and 20β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (OHSDH) as well as activities of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate- and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase were measured quantitatively and the alterations throughout the different stages of the cycle were studied. After homogenization of the tissue and fractionate centrifugation the enzyme activities were determined by a standardized optical method. The activities of the Δ53β-, and 3β- and 17β-OHSDH increase slowly during the first 7 days of the cycle, the maximum is reached abruptly on the 12th to 13th day of the cycle. After a striking reduction the activities decline continually to the 19th to 21st day reaching the values detected at the beginning of the cycle. The 20β-OHSDH increases slowly to the maximum on the 15th day of the cycle. Activities of the 3α-OHSDH were obtained only inconsistently. The behaviour of the activities of G6PDH was nearly identical with that of the 3β-OHSDH, while the GAPDH shows only little fluctuations of its activities. The obtained enzyme activity patterns of the maturating and high functional corpus luteum correspond to the well-known data of the biosynthetic function of the bovine corpus luteum. The changes of the amounts of progesterone and 20β-progesterol agree with the course of the activities of the 3β- resp. 20β-OHSDH.

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE UTERUS AND OVARIES DURING EARLY PREGNANCY IN THE GUINEA-PIG

1972 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. R. BLATCHLEY ◽  
B. T. DONOVAN
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Uterine Horn ◽  
Vaginal Smear ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Luteal Regression ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Decidual Reaction ◽  
The Relationship

SUMMARY In mated guinea-pigs one uterine horn was rendered sterile by ligation of the oviduct 2 or 3 days after finding spermatozoa in the vaginal smear. Two glass beads were inserted into the sterile horn on each of days 3–12 and on day 14 in experimental animals but not in controls. At autopsy on day 20 large corpora lutea were present in both ovaries of the control animals. The presence of beads that had been introduced on days 3 and 4 and on days 10–14 resulted in marked regression of the corpora lutea in the adjacent ovary, in the absence of a decidual reaction in the uterus, while luteal enlargement typical of pregnancy occurred in the contralateral ovary. Beads inserted on days 5–8 caused decidualization in the sterile horn but did not induce premature luteal regression in the ipsilateral ovary.

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