scholarly journals Alternativni pogled na međuodnos priljeva stranih direktnih investicija i gospodarskog rasta u zemljama srednje i istočne Europe

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tino Kusanović
Keyword(s):  
Growth Model ◽  
A Priori

U radu se na uzorku država srednje i istočne Europe teorijski i empirijski analizira međuodnos stranih izravnih investicija i ekonomskog rasta. Dostupna istraživanja o navedenom međuodnosu ne iznose jednoznačni zaključak o smjeru i intenzitetu utjecaja dviju predmetnih varijabli, dovodeći u pitanje a priori pozitivne učinke FDI-a na ekonomski rast zemlje primateljice ulaganja. Istraživanja pritom naglašavaju da potencijalni učinci inozemne štednje na gospodarstvo zemlje primateljice ovise o stupnju ekonomskog i institucionalnog razvoja zemlje kao i o modelu rasta koji je zemlja usvojila. Polazeći od postavki postkejnesijanske ekonomske teorije, u radu se polazi od pretpostavke da većina država iz uzorka istraživanja ima usvojen demand led growth model rasta. Istraživanje pokriva uzorak od 15 država srednje i istočne Europe te razdoblje 1995. – 2016. Empirijsko istraživanje provedeno je u dva koraka; u prvom je koraku na temelju testa Grangerove kauzalnosti utvrđen smjer međuutjecaja FDI-a i varijable ekonomskog rasta pri čemu je utvrđeno da stopa rasta BDP-a vodi povećanom priljevu ulaganje, dok obrnuti slučaj ne vrijedi. U drugom koraku, poduzetom panel analizom testira se utjecaj ekonomskog rasta i odabranih kontrolnih varijabli na ukupni priljev FDI-a. Zaključno, empirijski rezultati teorijski se obrazlažu u kontekstu postkejnesijanske ekonomske teorije temeljeno na pretpostavci da inozemna štednja (kapital) u slučaju država niske i srednje razine dohotka uglavnom vodi povećanju osobne potrošnje zbog aprecijacije realnog tečaja vodeći posljedično povećanju deficita tekućeg računa balance plaćanja i stvaranju (makro)ekonomskih neravnoteža.

scholarly journals Estimation of Winter Wheat Grain Protein Content Based on Multisource Data Assimilation

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (19) ◽  
pp. 3201
Author(s):  
Pengfei Chen
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Data Assimilation ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Growth Model ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Grain Protein Content ◽  
A Priori Knowledge ◽  
Grain Protein ◽  
Crop Growth Model

Data assimilation is a robust method to predict crop biophysical and biochemical parameters. However, no previous study has attempted to predict grain protein content (GPC) at a regional scale using this method. This study explored the feasibility of designing an assimilation model for wheat GPC estimation using remote sensing, a crop growth model, and a priori knowledge. The data included a field experiment and regional sampling data, and Landsat Operational Land Imager images were employed, with the CERES (Crop Environment REsource Synthesis)-Wheat model used as simulation model. To select an optimal method for data assimilation in GPC prediction, different state variable scenarios and cost function solving algorithm scenarios were compared. Additionally, to determine whether a priori information could improve GPC prediction, the collected leaf area index (LAI) and leaf N content sampling data and the range of GPC in the study region were used to constrain the data assimilation process. Furthermore, the data assimilation method was compared to the use of only the CERES-Wheat model. The results showed that GPC could be predicted by remote sensing observation, a crop growth model, and a priori knowledge at regional scale, where the use of data assimilation improved the GPC prediction compared to using only the CERES-Wheat model.

scholarly journals Global well-posedness of solutions for the epitaxy thin film growth model

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 565-580
Author(s):  
Ning Duan ◽  
Fengnan Liu ◽  
Xiaopeng Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Growth Model ◽  
Film Growth ◽  
A Priori Estimates ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Initial Boundary ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Well Posedness ◽  
Nonlinear Functions ◽  
Priori Estimates ◽  
Initial Boundary Value

In this paper, we consider the global well-posedness of solutions for the initial-boundary value problems of the epitaxy growth model. We first construct the local smooth solution, then by combining some a priori estimates, continuity argument, the local smooth solutions are extended step by step to all t > 0, provided that the initial datums sufficiently small and the smooth nonlinear functions satisfy certain local growth conditions.

Application of cross correlation to HREM images of surfaces

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 754-755
Author(s):  
D. E. Luzzi ◽  
L. D. Marks ◽  
M. I. Buckett
Keyword(s):  
Cross Correlation ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Matrix Material ◽  
Correlation Method ◽  
Accurate Knowledge ◽  
Complex Image ◽  
Fourier Filtering ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Low Pass ◽  
Data Reduction Technique

As the HREM becomes increasingly used for the study of dynamic localized phenomena, the development of techniques to recover the desired information from a real image is important. Often, the important features are not strongly scattering in comparison to the matrix material in addition to being masked by statistical and amorphous noise. The desired information will usually involve the accurate knowledge of the position and intensity of the contrast. In order to decipher the desired information from a complex image, cross-correlation (xcf) techniques can be utilized. Unlike other image processing methods which rely on data massaging (e.g. high/low pass filtering or Fourier filtering), the cross-correlation method is a rigorous data reduction technique with no a priori assumptions.We have examined basic cross-correlation procedures using images of discrete gaussian peaks and have developed an iterative procedure to greatly enhance the capabilities of these techniques when the contrast from the peaks overlap.

Towards 1-Ångstrom-resolution STEM

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 996-997
Author(s):  
H.S. von Harrach ◽  
D.E. Jesson ◽  
S.J. Pennycook
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Field Emission ◽  
Phase Contrast ◽  
Spherical Aberration ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Dark Field ◽  
Image Resolution ◽  
Objective Lens ◽  
Annular Dark Field ◽  
First Results

Phase contrast TEM has been the leading technique for high resolution imaging of materials for many years, whilst STEM has been the principal method for high-resolution microanalysis. However, it was demonstrated many years ago that low angle dark-field STEM imaging is a priori capable of almost 50% higher point resolution than coherent bright-field imaging (i.e. phase contrast TEM or STEM). This advantage was not exploited until Pennycook developed the high-angle annular dark-field (ADF) technique which can provide an incoherent image showing both high image resolution and atomic number contrast.This paper describes the design and first results of a 300kV field-emission STEM (VG Microscopes HB603U) which has improved ADF STEM image resolution towards the 1 angstrom target. The instrument uses a cold field-emission gun, generating a 300 kV beam of up to 1 μA from an 11-stage accelerator. The beam is focussed on to the specimen by two condensers and a condenser-objective lens with a spherical aberration coefficient of 1.0 mm.

Treating Velopharyngeal Inadequacy Using Bilateral Buccal Flap Revision Palatoplasty

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 878-892
Author(s):  
Joseph A. Napoli ◽  
Linda D. Vallino
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Sufficient Evidence ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Buccal Flap

Purpose The 2 most commonly used operations to treat velopharyngeal inadequacy (VPI) are superiorly based pharyngeal flap and sphincter pharyngoplasty, both of which may result in hyponasal speech and airway obstruction. The purpose of this article is to (a) describe the bilateral buccal flap revision palatoplasty (BBFRP) as an alternative technique to manage VPI while minimizing these risks and (b) conduct a systematic review of the evidence of BBFRP on speech and other clinical outcomes. A report comparing the speech of a child with hypernasality before and after BBFRP is presented. Method A review of databases was conducted for studies of buccal flaps to treat VPI. Using the principles of a systematic review, the articles were read, and data were abstracted for study characteristics that were developed a priori. With respect to the case report, speech and instrumental data from a child with repaired cleft lip and palate and hypernasal speech were collected and analyzed before and after surgery. Results Eight articles were included in the analysis. The results were positive, and the evidence is in favor of BBFRP in improving velopharyngeal function, while minimizing the risk of hyponasal speech and obstructive sleep apnea. Before surgery, the child's speech was characterized by moderate hypernasality, and after surgery, it was judged to be within normal limits. Conclusion Based on clinical experience and results from the systematic review, there is sufficient evidence that the buccal flap is effective in improving resonance and minimizing obstructive sleep apnea. We recommend BBFRP as another approach in selected patients to manage VPI. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.9919352

Project MATCH secondary a priori hypotheses

Addiction ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 92 (12) ◽  
pp. 1671-1698 ◽  
Author(s):  
Project Match Research Group
Keyword(s):  
A Priori ◽  
Project Match

Vergleich einer Papier-Bleistift- und einer computergestützten Version des Leistungsprüfsystems (LPS)

Diagnostica ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 115-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Troche ◽  
Beatrice Rammstedt ◽  
Thomas Rammsayer
Keyword(s):  
A Priori

Zusammenfassung. Der zunehmende Einsatz computergestützter diagnostischer Verfahren führt zwangsläufig zur Frage nach der Äquivalenz zwischen konventionellen Papier-Bleistift-Versionen und entsprechenden Computertranspositionen. Zur Überprüfung der Äquivalenz zwischen der computergestützten Version des Leistungsprüfsystems (LPS) im Hogrefe Testsystem und der Papier-Bleistift-Version wurden 131 Versuchspersonen mit beiden Verfahren getestet. Heterogene Ergebnisse zwischen der Papier-Bleistift- und der Computerversion belegen, dass nicht a priori von der Äquivalenz beider Versionen ausgegangen werden kann, und weisen nachdrücklich auf die Notwendigkeit systematischer Äquivalenzprüfungen hin. Eine an Hand einer zweiten Stichprobe von 40 Testpersonen durchgeführte Überprüfung der Retest-Reliabilität der computergestützten Version des LPS ergab für ein Retest-Intervall von zwei Wochen Reliabilitätskoeffizienten zwischen rtt = 0.55 und rtt = 0.94. In der Diskussion werden mögliche Gründe für die Nicht-Äquivalenz der beiden LPS-Versionen identifiziert.

Effects of a Priori Liking on the Elicitation of Mimicry

2010 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 412-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariëlle Stel ◽  
Rick B. van Baaren ◽  
Jim Blascovich ◽  
Eric van Dijk ◽  
Cade McCall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
A Priori ◽  
The Relationship

Mimicry and prosocial feelings are generally thought to be positively related. However, the conditions under which mimicry and liking are related largely remain unspecified. We advance this specification by examining the relationship between mimicry and liking more thoroughly. In two experiments, we manipulated an individual’s a priori liking for another and investigated whether it influenced mimicry of that person. Our experiments demonstrate that in the presence of a reason to like a target, automatic mimicry is increased. However, mimicry did not decrease when disliking a target. These studies provide further evidence of a link between mimicry and liking and extend previous research by showing that a certain level of mimicry even occurs when mimicry behavior is inconsistent with one’s goals or motivations.

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