scholarly journals The power of cycling

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Steve Stannard ◽  
Paul Macdermaid ◽  
Matthew Miller
Keyword(s):  
Physiological Stress ◽  
Work Rate ◽  
Training Intensity ◽  
External Work ◽  
Cycling Exercise ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
External Power ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Work Done ◽  
The Relationship

<p>One of the advantages of cycling exercise is that the rider is interfaced to a machine, and this exercise can be easily metered. Recent technological advances have made this metering easier and cheaper such that riders, sports scientists and coaches are able to record the external work done, and thus the net rate of mechanical work (power) during training and racing. Since external power is related to performance, the power requirements of competition can be observed and the training intensity can be prescribed. However, the ability to closely scrutinize power during training brings about a number of issues which need to be addressed. These issues include the accuracy and reliability of the meter, the relationship of the external work rate to the total physiological stress, and how training prescription through analysis by power may change the athlete-coach relationship. </p>

Reflection and transmission at the boundary between two counterstreaming MHD plasmas – active boundaries or negative-energy waves?

2000 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 203-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. D. M. WALKER
Keyword(s):  
Energy Flow ◽  
Negative Energy ◽  
Reynolds Stresses ◽  
Reflection And Transmission ◽  
Moving Plasma ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Work Done ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Energy Interchange

A magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) wave, incident on the boundary between two MHD media in relative motion, may be amplified or attenuated by exchanging energy with the kinetic energy of the background flow. The conventional treatment of this problem uses a definition of the wave energy such that energy is conserved at the boundary. An amplified reflected wave then leads to the requirement of a transmitted wave carrying negative energy. Such an approach, while producing correct results, obscures the nature and location of the energy interchange. In this paper, the proper definitions of energy density and flux in a moving plasma are discussed, and the relationship of the group velocity and the energy flow is clarified. The mechanism by which energy is exchanged between streaming plasma and wave is through the work done by the Maxwell and Reynolds stresses on the gradient of velocity at the boundary. The location of the energy exchange is identified as the active boundary, with no need to invoke ideas of negative energy. The relationship between the two approaches is critically discussed.

scholarly journals The Influence of Packaging and Information Transparency on Intention to Try with Endorser Capability as Moderation

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Auditia Setiobudi ◽  
Deandra Vidyanata ◽  
Clarissa Sabella
Keyword(s):  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Information Transparency ◽  
Beverage Industry ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Food And Beverage Industry ◽  
Food And Beverage ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

Food and beverage industry is growing rapidly which causes companies to trying to fullfil consumer needs, one of which is packaging. Packaging is an important element to protect the product. Technological advances are able to make it easier for everyone to get information. Transparency information is able to provide information that consumers need. The purpose of this research is to examine the effect of packaging and information transparency on the intention to try Cikake products and to examine the moderating effect of endorser capability between information transparency on intention to try Cikake's. The population of this research is Cikake consumers who have tried this product before, have an Instagram account and live around the city of Pandaan. The sampling method used in this study was the census method, with a population of 100 people as the sample. Respondent data is collected by distributing questionnaires to Cikake consumers. This research uses Moderated Multiple Regression (MMR) as an analysis tool. The finding from the results of multiple linear regression tests which resulted in a significance value on the packaging variable of 0.005 while the information transparency variable was 0.000, which means that packaging and information transparency had an effect on the intention to try. The effect of moderation has a significance value of 0.030 and an increase in the coefficient of determination, which means that endorser capability is able to moderate the relationship of information transparency to intention to try Cikake's.

scholarly journals The Relationship of Knowledge, Attitudes, and Perceptions Regarding Non-native Texas Invasive Plant Species

HortScience ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 969A-969
Author(s):  
Sharon Frey ◽  
Carolyn Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Plants ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
The United States ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Lack Of Control ◽  
Attitudes And Perceptions ◽  
Native Invasive ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Plants have been introduced into the United States intentionally as well as unintentionally as seeds and weeds. Technological advances, a mobile society, and our curiosity and desire to improve our landscapes have led to an ever-increasing invasive movement. These alien plants can jeopardize native populations, alter ecosystems, alter fire and water regimes, change the nutrient status, modify habitats, and cause significant economic harm. Today's public is unaware of the danger some non-native plants species pose to natural areas, thereby contributing to the lack of control for non-native invasive plants. This study looked at the knowledge and attitudes of Texas Master Gardeners as related to invasive species commonly used in landscaping. A web survey was made available to all Texas Master Gardeners that included pictures of plants along with their common and scientific names. Participants were asked to identify which they thought were invasive and contribute information regarding their knowledge of non-native invasive plants. Each of the invasive plants shown is on both the federal and the Texas Invasive Plant lists. Inquires were made concerning the occurrence of these plants in the participants' personal landscape and communities and their perceptions of each plant as an invasive threat. The purpose of the study is to determine if a relationship exists between knowledge, attitudes and perceptions of the participant and the occurrence of non-native invasive plants in the landscape. The results of this study will help determine factors that contribute to the lack of control for non-native invasive plants.

scholarly journals Demarcation of Territorial Boundaries in International Lawand Procedure: Technical Factors Role

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Mohammad Saberrad ◽  
Seyed Ghasem Zamani
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
International Law ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
Technical Parameters ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Technical Factors ◽  
Territorial Boundaries ◽  
International Boundaries ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Technological advances in any domain effects other domains as well. International law and especially international boundaries take advantage of technical progresses orconsidering the factors which existed before but they have been neglected and put these factors in the service of its demands. Maybe if we consider each of the technical factors separately, we cannot understand their role properly in boundarydomains, but we study their setting in the form of boundaries demarcation and consider the package generally and investigate the relationship of internal factors. It is clear that technical factors have developed a great evolution in demarcation of territorial boundaries.Eventually, when the technical parameters are employed for demarcation of territorial boundaries, in fact they serve to its purpose; the purpose is nothing than maintaining international peace, order and security, the fact that is the existential philosophy of the United Nations organization. Thus, non-human factors have been served for human factors and maintain its values. Definitely next advances in technical factors will be along with other developments in boundaries domain.

The Construction of Terence's Heautontimorumenos

1980 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Brothers
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Fundamental Problem ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Work Done ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
New Comedy

In the twentieth century the question of the relationship of Terence's Heautontimorumenos to its Greek original has been largely neglected or else dismissed on the grounds that it presents no major problem. It is true that, because of the new light which the discovery of the Cairo codex of Menander shed on the nature and role of the chorus in Greek new comedy, there was a flurry of activity concerning the difficult passage 167 ff.; but the far more fundamental problem of contaminatio in general and of the meaning and interpretation of lines 4 to 6 of the play's prologue has attracted comparatively little attention. H. Marti produced a two-part survey of work done on Terence in the years 1909 to 1959; in it he says that in the period under review the question of contaminatio in Heauton–in the sense of the fusion of two originals –has been totally abandoned, with the exception of one article by F. Skutsch in which he holds to his earlier views on the subject. Marti also refers to Kohler's earlier work on the same problem, and to the discussion to be found in Kuiper's more comprehensive work on Roman comedy, but that is all.

scholarly journals Mechanical work rate minimization and freely chosen stride frequency of human walking: a mathematical model

1992 ◽  
Vol 170 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Minetti ◽  
F. Saibene
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Work Rate ◽  
The Body ◽  
Mechanical Work ◽  
Stride Frequency ◽  
External Work ◽  
High Speeds ◽  
Theoretical Predictions ◽  
Work Done ◽  
Good Agreement

The interplay between the work done to move the body centre of mass with respect to the environment (external work) and the work done to move the limbs with respect to the body (internal work) has been shown experimentally partially to determine the freely chosen stride frequency during walking. A mathematical model that estimates the two components of the mechanical work is proposed. The model, according to the criterion of work rate minimization (both positive and positive plus negative), is able to predict the natural stride frequency as a function of the average progression speed. The adequacy of the model and the validity of the assumptions have been checked against measurements of natural stride frequency in 11 subjects walking on a treadmill at several speeds (range 1–3 m s-1). Comparison with theoretical predictions shows good agreement with the minimization of positive work rate at low speeds, while at high speeds the stride frequency is better explained by the model for minimum positive plus negative work rate.

Competencies of Work in Agricultural Research Units

2013 ◽  
Vol 845 ◽  
pp. 627-630
Author(s):  
Maria de Lourdes Santiago Luz ◽  
Joao Alberto Camarotto
Keyword(s):  
Explicit Knowledge ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Teaching And Research ◽  
Transfer And Retention ◽  
Operational Activities ◽  
Retention Of Knowledge ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Work Done ◽  
The Relationship

This paper aims to investigate and discuss the concepts comprised of the competencies deriving from tacit and explicit knowledge of operational work, a critical factor in the transfer and retention of knowledge in an organization of agricultural activities, as well as their relationships. Thus, this article contains a review of the literature to understand the relationship between worker competencies and the work done in agricultural units linked to teaching and research institutes in Brazil. The term agricultural unitsrefers to experimental farms belonging to higher education institutions, intended to serve as a workplace for teaching, research and extension activities. This research is also based on the specific characteristics of work in an organization that fit in situations of high variability. The final product of an experimental farm includes not only research results and generated knowledge, but also the development of operational activities. Finally, this paper discusses the relationship of competencies necessary for the development of this kind of agricultural unit of teaching and research.

THE PROBLEM OF ETHNIC KURDS IN THE MIDDLE EASTERN REGION: THE HISTORY OF ORIGIN AND EVOLUTION

2021 ◽  
pp. 67-73
Author(s):  
Farhod karimov
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Regional Stability ◽  
Origin And Evolution ◽  
Middle East Countries ◽  
History Of ◽  
External Power ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

This article examines the problem of the Kurds in ensuring regional stability and security in the Middle East, the history of this problem in comparison with the history of the countries of the region in the 14-19 centuries. The analysis of the facts presented in the historical literature about the Kurds is carried out. The attitude of the Middle East countries to these issues, the factor of external power in this matter, the relationship of the problem with other confessional problems in the region are also being studied.

scholarly journals INTEGRATED CLASSES AS A MEANS OF FORMING STUDENTS’ MOTIVES FOR STUDYING CHEMISTRY

2021 ◽  
pp. 72-85
Author(s):  
Оlena Zadorozhna
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Education ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
New Material ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Work Done ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Generalization Of Data

The article considers, substantiates, and experimentally tests the method of integrative classes as a means of forming students’ motives for studying chemistry, necessary to ensure the quality of chemical education. It highlights the relationship of interdisciplinary components, the integration of methods, tools, and forms, the integrity of the main and variable parts of the content of educational material in the study of chemistry. The article also substantiates the use of a set of methods: analysis of historical, psychological, pedagogical, methodical literature, synthesis, comparison, classification, systematization, and generalization of data, modelling. It carries out the analysis of the problem of integrative classes as a means of forming students’ motives for studying chemistry in the scientific literature. It reveals the content and essence of key research concepts, such as “motive”, “motivation”, “integration” on the problems of motivation for student learning and integration in the teaching of chemistry. The method of integrative classes as a means of forming students’ motives for studying chemistry consists of three main stages: motivational ‒ formation of motivation to learn, operational-cognitive ‒ stage of mastering the subject and mastering skills in connection with its content, and reflexive ‒ assessment ‒ stage of analysis, comparison of the achieved with the planned, evaluation of the work done. The article highlights the effectiveness of the results of experimental research. It proves that the activity of students depends on the interesting facts of the new material and grows after conducting integrative chemistry lessons. It establishes that the use of this technique allowed achieving positive changes in the formation of students’ motives for studying chemistry and the levels of their formation in students of the experimental group compared to those of the control one’s. Keywords: motive, motivation, integration, needs, integrative classes in chemistry, educational process, chemical education, means of forming students’ motives to study chemistry.

The relationship of physiological stress measures, behavioral problems and body composition in preschool children

2017 ◽  
Vol 83 ◽  
pp. 56-57
Author(s):  
Nadine Messerli-Bürgy ◽  
Amar Arhab ◽  
Kerstin Stülb ◽  
Tanja H. Kakebeeke ◽  
Annina E. Zysset ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Physiological Stress ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship
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