scholarly journals Stella preserves maternal chromosome integrity by inhibiting 5hmC‐induced γH2 AX accumulation

EMBO Reports ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 582-589 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsunetoshi Nakatani ◽  
Kazuo Yamagata ◽  
Tohru Kimura ◽  
Masaaki Oda ◽  
Hiroyuki Nakashima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Chromosome ◽  
Chromosome Integrity

scholarly journals Natural variation in plant telomere length is associated with flowering time

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jae Young Choi ◽  
Liliia R Abdulkina ◽  
Jun Yin ◽  
Inna B Chastukhina ◽  
John T Lovell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Telomere Length ◽  
Flowering Time ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Genome Wide Association Study ◽  
Genomic Analysis ◽  
Life History Strategies ◽  
Length Variation ◽  
Chromosomal Structure ◽  
Chromosome Integrity

Abstract Telomeres are highly repetitive DNA sequences found at the ends of chromosomes that protect the chromosomes from deterioration during cell division. Here, using whole genome re-sequencing and terminal restriction fragment assays, we found substantial natural intraspecific variation in telomere length in Arabidopsis thaliana, rice (Oryza sativa), and maize (Zea mays). Genome-wide association study (GWAS) mapping in A. thaliana identified 13 regions with GWAS-significant associations underlying telomere length variation, including a region that harbors the telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) gene. Population genomic analysis provided evidence for a selective sweep at the TERT region associated with longer telomeres. We found that telomere length is negatively correlated with flowering time variation not only in A. thaliana, but also in maize and rice, indicating a link between life history traits and chromosome integrity. Our results point to several possible reasons for this correlation, including the possibility that longer telomeres may be more adaptive in plants that have faster developmental rates (and therefore flower earlier). Our work suggests that chromosomal structure itself might be an adaptive trait associated with plant life history strategies.

scholarly journals RAP80 and BRCA1 PARsylation protect chromosome integrity by preventing retention of BRCA1-B/C complexes in DNA repair foci

2020 ◽  
Vol 117 (4) ◽  
pp. 2084-2091
Author(s):  
Jekaterina Vohhodina ◽  
Kimberly J. Toomire ◽  
Sarah A. Petit ◽  
Goran Micevic ◽  
Geeta Kumari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Repair ◽  
Homologous Recombination ◽  
Complex Formation ◽  
Illegitimate Recombination ◽  
Adp Ribosylation ◽  
Chromosomal Disorder ◽  
Nuclear Foci ◽  
Simultaneous Loss ◽  
Chromosome Integrity ◽  
Focal Structures

BRCA1 promotes error-free, homologous recombination-mediated repair (HRR) of DNA double-stranded breaks (DSBs). When excessive and uncontrolled, BRCA1 HRR activity promotes illegitimate recombination and genome disorder. We and others have observed that the BRCA1-associated protein RAP80 recruits BRCA1 to postdamage nuclear foci, and these chromatin structures then restrict the amplitude of BRCA1-driven HRR. What remains unclear is how this process is regulated. Here we report that both BRCA1 poly-ADP ribosylation (PARsylation) and the presence of BRCA1-bound RAP80 are critical for the normal interaction of BRCA1 with some of its partners (e.g., CtIP and BACH1) that are also known components of the aforementioned focal structures. Surprisingly, the simultaneous loss of RAP80 and failure therein of BRCA1 PARsylation results in the dysregulated accumulation in these foci of BRCA1 complexes. This in turn is associated with the intracellular development of a state of hyper-recombination and gross chromosomal disorder. Thus, physiological RAP80-BRCA1 complex formation and BRCA1 PARsylation contribute to the kinetics by which BRCA1 HRR-sustaining complexes normally concentrate in nuclear foci. These events likely contribute to aneuploidy suppression.

Recurrent meiotic nondisjunction of maternal chromosome 15 in a sibship

1998 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Paul Harpey ◽  
Delphine Heron ◽  
Muriel Prudent ◽  
Sylvie Lesourd ◽  
Isabelle Henry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome 15 ◽  
Maternal Chromosome ◽  
Meiotic Nondisjunction

scholarly journals RNF138 interacts with RAD51D and is required for DNA interstrand crosslink repair and maintaining chromosome integrity

DNA Repair ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 82-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian D. Yard ◽  
Nicole M. Reilly ◽  
Michael K. Bedenbaugh ◽  
Douglas L. Pittman
Keyword(s):  
Interstrand Crosslink ◽  
Chromosome Integrity ◽  
Interstrand Crosslink Repair ◽  
Crosslink Repair

The phospho-dependent role of BRCA2 on the maintenance of chromosome integrity

Cell Cycle ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Åsa Ehlén ◽  
Gaetana Sessa ◽  
Sophie Zinn-Justin ◽  
Aura Carreira
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Integrity

Comparison of fetal and maternal chromosome polymorphisms: Applications in prenatal diagnosis

1982 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Frydman ◽  
D. A. Greenberg ◽  
T. K. Mohandas ◽  
M. M. Kaback
Keyword(s):  
Prenatal Diagnosis ◽  
Maternal Chromosome

A patient with maternal chromosome 14 UPD presenting with a mild phenotype and MODY

2001 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 406-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco F Manzoni ◽  
Tiziano Pramparo ◽  
Antonella Stroppolo ◽  
Flavio Chiaino ◽  
Emanuele Bosi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome 14 ◽  
Mild Phenotype ◽  
Maternal Chromosome

53 IMPACTS OF USING PROCAINE AS A DNA-DEMETHYLATING AGENT IN IN VITRO CULTURE OF BOVINE CELLS

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 132
Author(s):  
V. A. Michalczechen-Lacerda ◽  
F. C. Rodrigues ◽  
R. V. de Sousa ◽  
R. Rumpf ◽  
M. M. Franco
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Cytogenetic Analysis ◽  
Imprinted Genes ◽  
Demethylating Agent ◽  
Chromosome Integrity ◽  
Methylation Patterns ◽  
Number Of Cells

Euchromatin and heterochromatin organisation define the specificity of each cell type. This structure is controlled by epigenetic modifications and the DNA methylation is one of the best known for inducing transcriptional repression. Recently, procaine was uncovered as a DNA-demethylating agent, but there are few reports about its dynamic epigenetic action on somatic cells. Mono-allelic expression of imprinted genes is controlled by DNA methylation and inherited to somatic tissues of a sex-specific manner. The aim was to investigate the effects of using procaine, a DNA-demethylating agent, in in vitro culture of bovine (Bos taurus indicus) fibroblast for 72 h (passage 4). We have evaluated cell viability, chromosome integrity, and DNA methylation patterns. To evaluate cell viability, we have used trypan blue 0.4%. To evaluate chromosome integrity, we have used conventional cytogenetic analysis. To investigate DNA methylation patterns, we have analysed 2 differentially methylated regions (DMR) located into the exon 10 of IGF2 and exon 1 of XIST imprinted genes, using the bisulfite sequencing method (EZ DNA methylation kit, Zymo Research, Orange, CA, USA). After bisulfite treatment and nested-PCR, the amplicons were separated in agarose gel electrophoresis, purified with GenClean III kit (MP Biomedicals, Irvine, CA, USA), cloned in a pGEM-T easy vector system (Promega, Madison, WI), and sequenced. The DNA sequences were analysed using the BiQ Analyzer v. 2.0 (2008) software. The cell viability data were analysed using ANOVA and Tukey or Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests, and the methylation status were analysed using Student’s t-test or Mann-Whitney tests in the Prophet software (BBN Systems and Technologies). Cell culture using 0.1 mM or 0.5 mM of procaine were viable and the number of cells with intact membrane was higher than the control and 2.0 mM of procaine groups (P ≤ 0.05). The total number of cells was lower in the group with 2.0 mM of procaine (P ≤ 0.01). Cytogenetic analysis showed no differences among the groups, with no chromosome abnormalities detected. The methylation pattern was not different for both DMR evaluated among the groups. We have observed that there was a beneficial effect to the cells that have received supplementation with 0.1 mM or 0.5 mM of procaine, because there was an increase in the number of viable cells without chromosomal abnormalities. We cannot ignore that a global DNA demethylation may have occurred, which was not detected in the specific analysed regions. The results obtained here may contribute to improving the efficiency of animal cloning, transgenic animal production, and the knowledge about stem cells. Supported by Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology and CAPES.

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