scholarly journals Translational adaptation to heat stress is mediated by RNA 5‐methylcytosine in Caenorhabditis elegans

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabela Cunha Navarro ◽  
Francesca Tuorto ◽  
David Jordan ◽  
Carine Legrand ◽  
Jonathan Price ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Adaptation To Heat

scholarly journals Translational adaptation to heat stress is mediated by 5-methylcytosine RNA modification in Caenorhabditis elegans

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabela Cunha Navarro ◽  
Francesca Tuorto ◽  
David Jordan ◽  
Carine Legrand ◽  
Jonathan Price ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Molecular Level ◽  
Rna Modification ◽  
Translation Efficiency ◽  
Nucleotide Modification ◽  
Adaptation To Heat ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACTMethylation of carbon-5 of cytosines (m5C) is a post-transcriptional nucleotide modification of RNA found in all kingdoms of life. While individual m5C-methyltransferases have been studied, the impact of the global cytosine-5 methylome on development, homeostasis and stress remains unknown. Here, using Caenorhabditis elegans, we generated the first organism devoid of m5C in RNA, demonstrating that this modification is non-essential. We determined the localisation and enzymatic specificity of m5C sites in RNA in vivo and showed that animals devoid of m5C are sensitive to temperature stress. At the molecular level, we showed that loss of m5C specifically impacts decoding of leucine and proline thus reducing the translation efficiency of transcripts enriched in these amino acids. Finally, we found translation of leucine UUG codons to be the most strongly affected upon heat shock, suggesting a role of m5C tRNA wobble methylation in the adaptation to heat stress.

scholarly journals Heat Stress Reduces the Susceptibility of Caenorhabditis elegans to Orsay Virus Infection

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1161
Author(s):  
Yuqing Huang ◽  
Mark G. Sterken ◽  
Koen van Zwet ◽  
Lisa van Sluijs ◽  
Gorben P. Pijlman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Intracellular Pathogen ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Molecular Responses ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
Pathogen Response ◽  
Orsay Virus ◽  
Natural Virus

The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans has been a versatile model for understanding the molecular responses to abiotic stress and pathogens. In particular, the response to heat stress and virus infection has been studied in detail. The Orsay virus (OrV) is a natural virus of C. elegans and infection leads to intracellular infection and proteostatic stress, which activates the intracellular pathogen response (IPR). IPR related gene expression is regulated by the genes pals-22 and pals-25, which also control thermotolerance and immunity against other natural pathogens. So far, we have a limited understanding of the molecular responses upon the combined exposure to heat stress and virus infection. We test the hypothesis that the response of C. elegans to OrV infection and heat stress are co-regulated and may affect each other. We conducted a combined heat-stress-virus infection assay and found that after applying heat stress, the susceptibility of C. elegans to OrV was decreased. This difference was found across different wild types of C. elegans. Transcriptome analysis revealed a list of potential candidate genes associated with heat stress and OrV infection. Subsequent mutant screens suggest that pals-22 provides a link between viral response and heat stress, leading to enhanced OrV tolerance of C. elegans after heat stress.

The comparative performance of tropical crossbred and local shorthorn beef cattle on native pasture at Katherine, NT

1967 ◽  
Vol 7 (26) ◽  
pp. 217 ◽  
Author(s):  
MJT Norman
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Peanut Meal ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Comparative Performance ◽  
Native Pasture ◽  
Weight Gains ◽  
Adaptation To Heat ◽  
Dressing Percentage

The liveweight performance and carcase characteristics of Brahman x Hereford, Africander x Hereford and Africander x Shorthorn F, crossbred spayed heifers were compared with those of local Shorthorn spayed heifers on native pasture at Katherine, N.T., between 1962 and 1965. The breed groups were divided for planes of winter nutrition, viz., with and without 2 lb a day of peanut meal from early June until the start of the wet season. Without supplement, the average weight gains of B x H, A x H, A x S, and Shorthorn cattle between June 1962 and May 1965 were 0.49, 0.37, 0.36, and 0.23 lb a day respectively. With supplement, cattle reached slaughter weight a year earlier ; the average weight gains of B x H, A x H, and Shorthorn cattle between June 1962 and May 1964 were 0.61, 0.63, and 0.50 lb a day respectively. (There was no A x S supplemented group). Without supplement, the dressing percentage and estimated proportion of fat of B x H cattle was higher and the estimated proportion of muscle and bone lower than those of other breeds. With supplement, there were no significant differences in dressing percentage or carcase composition between breeds. Measurements made of thermoregulatory attributes indicated that the local Shorthorn cattle, through body temperature control, showed adaptation to heat stress.

scholarly journals THE IMPORTANCE OF HSP-25 IN CAENORHABDITIS ELEGANS LONGEVITY

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S865-S865
Author(s):  
Niaya James ◽  
Jessica L Scheirer ◽  
Karl Rodriguez
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Heat Shock ◽  
Model Organism ◽  
Small Heat Shock Protein ◽  
Health Science ◽  
Science Center ◽  
Knock Out ◽  
University Of Texas

Abstract Karl A. Rodriguez’s laboratory at the University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas, is interested in the role of small heat shock proteins in the proteostasis network and aging using the model organism, Caenorhabditis elegans. Molecular chaperones facilitate protein folding and improve the degradation activity of the proteasome and autolysosome hence decreasing disease-associated aggregates. Previous work in rodents have shown an increase in expression levels of the small heat shock protein 25 (HSP-25) correlates with maximum lifespan potential. To further explore the role of HSP-25 in C. elegans, two HSP-25 knock-out strains were exposed to a one-hour heat stress, heat shock, and two non-heat stress conditions.

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