scholarly journals Cancer cell metabolism: the essential role of the nonessential amino acid, glutamine

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (10) ◽  
pp. 1302-1315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji Zhang ◽  
Natalya N Pavlova ◽  
Craig B Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
Cell Metabolism ◽  
Nonessential Amino Acid ◽  
Cancer Cell Metabolism

Metabolic and amino acid alterations of the tumor microenvironment

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petr Stepka ◽  
Vit Vsiansky ◽  
Martina Raudenska ◽  
Jaromir Gumulec ◽  
Vojtech Adam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Tumor Microenvironment ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Warburg Effect ◽  
Cell Metabolism ◽  
Metastatic Potential ◽  
Cancer Cell Metabolism

: Metabolic changes driven by the hostile tumor microenvironment surrounding cancer cells and effect of these changes on tumorigenesis and metastatic potential have been known for a long time. The usual point of interest is glucose and changes in its utilization by cancer cells, mainly in the form of the Warburg effect. However, amino acids, both intra- and extracellular, also represent an important aspect of tumour microenvironment, which can have a significant effect on cancer cell metabolism and overall development of the tumor. Namely alterations in metabolism of amino acids glutamine, sarcosine, aspartate, methionine and cysteine have been previously connected to the tumor progression and aggressivity of prostate cancer. The aim of this review is to pinpoint current gaps in our knowledge of the role of amino acids as a part of the tumor microenvironment and to show effect of various amino acids on cancer cell metabolism and metastatic potential. This review shows limitations and exceptions from the traditionally accepted model of Warburg effect in some cancer tissues, with the emphasis on prostate cancer, because the traditional definition of Warburg effect as a metabolic switch to aerobic glycolysis does not always apply. Prostatic tissue both in healthy and transformed state significantly differs in many metabolic aspects, including the metabolisms of glucose and amino acids, from metabolism of other tissues. Findings from different tissues are therefore not always interchangeable and have to be taken into account during experimentation modifying the environment of tumor tissue by amino acid supplementation or depletion, which could potentially serve as a new therapeutic approach.

scholarly journals Progestins counteract estrogens to shift breast cancer cell metabolism

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashley V. Ward ◽  
Shawna B. Matthews ◽  
Lynsey M. Fettig ◽  
Jessica Finlay-Schultz ◽  
Peter Kabos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Breast Cancer Cell ◽  
Cancer Biology ◽  
Cell Metabolism ◽  
Breast Cancer Cell Lines ◽  
Mitochondrial Morphology ◽  
Cancer Cell Metabolism

Abstract Progesterone receptors (PR) profoundly influence breast cancer biology by modifying estrogen receptor (ER) gene regulation, and, under some contexts, increasing populations of cancer stem cells. Abnormal metabolism is a cancer hallmark that has largely been understudied in relation to hormones in ER+PR+ breast disease. In this study, we investigated how progestins, in the absence or presence of estrogens, affect breast cancer cell metabolism. We measured metabolites using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) in three ER+PR+ breast cancer cell lines (T47D, UCD4, and UCD65) treated with vehicle, estrogen only, progestin only, or the combination. Progestins, in the absence or presence of estrogens, largely downregulated metabolites, particularly those involved in tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and amino acid metabolism. Seahorse metabolic analysis found progestins (alone or plus estrogens) generally shifted cells towards glycolysis with reduced ATP production. Transmission electron microscopy in cell lines and patient-derived xenograft tumors found that estrogens produced an elongated mitochondrial morphology, while estrogen plus progestin treatment reversed this trend. Using the photoconvertible MitoTimer reporter, progestins reduced both baseline and estrogen-induced mitochondrial turnover. Progestins blocked the estrogen-induced expression of mitochondrial biogenesis regulators PGC1α and PGC1β and their downstream targets. These findings indicate that progestins dominantly affect cell metabolism to shift cells to a more glycolytic phenotype with reduced mitochondrial function and amino acid pools; this transition is indicative of less proliferative, but also more dedifferentiated cells. Our results highlight potential benefits and detriments of current clinical studies testing selective PR modulators in ER+ breast cancers.

scholarly journals WNT Signaling: an Emerging Mediator of Cancer Cell Metabolism?

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria Sherwood
Keyword(s):  
Wnt Signaling ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Cancer Metabolism ◽  
Cell Metabolism ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Oncogenic Signaling ◽  
Cancer Cell Metabolism ◽  
Oncogenic Signaling Pathways

WNT signaling was discovered in tumor models and has been recognized as a regulator of cancer development and progression for over 3 decades. Recent work has highlighted a critical role for WNT signaling in the metabolic homeostasis of mammals, where its misregulation has been heavily implicated in diabetes. While the majority of WNT metabolism research has focused on nontransformed tissues, the role of WNT in cancer metabolism remains underinvestigated. Cancer is also a metabolic disease where oncogenic signaling pathways regulate energy production and macromolecular synthesis to fuel rapidly proliferating tumors. This review highlights the emerging evidence for WNT signaling in the reprogramming of cancer cell metabolism and examines the role of these signaling pathways as mediators of tumor bioenergetics.

scholarly journals Essential Role of Nonessential Amino Acid Glutamine in Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinna Chen ◽  
Shulei Zhang ◽  
Jiaxiong Wu ◽  
Shiyuan Wu ◽  
Gaosheng Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Nonessential Amino Acid

scholarly journals Role of tyrosine phosphorylation in modulating cancer cell metabolism

2020 ◽  
Vol 1874 (2) ◽  
pp. 188442
Author(s):  
Maria Letizia Taddei ◽  
Elisa Pardella ◽  
Erica Pranzini ◽  
Giovanni Raugei ◽  
Paolo Paoli
Keyword(s):  
Tyrosine Phosphorylation ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Cell Metabolism ◽  
Cancer Cell Metabolism

Role of Autophagy in Cancer Cell Metabolism

2020 ◽  
pp. 65-87
Author(s):  
Diego A. Pedroza ◽  
Vaishali Chandel ◽  
Dhruv Kumar ◽  
Prakash Doddapattar ◽  
M. S. Biradar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Cell Metabolism ◽  
Cancer Cell Metabolism

Role of Phytochemicals in Cancer Cell Metabolism Regulation

2020 ◽  
pp. 167-184
Author(s):  
Abhijeet Kumar ◽  
Anil Kumar Singh ◽  
Mukul Kumar Gautam ◽  
Garima Tripathi
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Cell Metabolism ◽  
Metabolism Regulation ◽  
Cancer Cell Metabolism
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