Pitch Error Coding the Sight Read, Practice, and Performance of an Elite Oboist

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-151
Author(s):  
Deborah L. E. de Graaff ◽  
Emery Schubert
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Schema Theory ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Sight Reading ◽  
Reading Practice ◽  
Pitch Error ◽  
Error Coding ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Better Than

This paper presents a developing Pitch Error Coding Protocol for assessing the accuracy of a musician’s performance. The protocol organized performance errors into any of three main categories, each based on an established cognitive theory of music memory and processing: (1) the Serial Distance Hypothesis (SDH); (2) the Implication Realization (I-R) model; and (3) the mental organizing principle of the Schema Theory (SCH). An elite oboist formed the basis of a detailed case study where his sight reading, practice, and performance of a challenging excerpt of music were examined. These data were used to: 1) investigate the protocol; 2) ask whether any protocol components could explain errors better than others; 3) and show where improvements after practice occurred. The results revealed that the SDH accounted for the majority of pitch errors, these originated in a three-note proximity of the target and some SDH errors overlapped with the I-R category errors. Although final counts for SDH and I-R are similar, SDH uniquely identified errors more frequently than the I-R. Future research and development of the protocol might look at combinations of pieces and performer to determine whether SDH may be a dominant source of error.

scholarly journals DOMINANT OR DIFFERENT? GENDER ISSUES IN COMPUTER SUPPORTED LEARNING

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cathy Gunn
Keyword(s):  
Educational Opportunity ◽  
Technology Literacy ◽  
Dominant Male ◽  
Interaction Style ◽  
Cultural Complexity ◽  
Interaction Styles ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Electronic Channels ◽  
Better Than

A significant increase in the use of computer-supported learning (CSL) within schools and universities across the world gives rise to concern about gender-related differences in performance and interaction style in these environments. Research has shown that initial perceptions of CSL environments as democratic and offering equal opportunities to all students were flawed because interactions that take place through electronic channels lose none of the socio-cultural complexity or gender imbalance that exists within society. Much of the recent literature states that women are disadvantaged because of inferior levels of access and technology literacy and dominant male behavior. However, the assumption that difference implies disadvantage is challenged by evidence that variable factors such as professed confidence and apparently dominant interaction styles do not necessarily lead to better educational opportunity and performance. This paper contains a summary of gender-related issues identified by international research and academic practice together with supportive case study examples. The conclusion is that women often perform better than men despite the observable differences in interaction style.

scholarly journals A Foreign Sound to Your Ear

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Rings
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Schema Theory ◽  
Moving Target ◽  
Spectrographic Analysis ◽  
Methodological Pluralism ◽  
Music Making ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Insight Into

This article presents a “longitudinal” study of Bob Dylan’s performances of the song “It’s Alright, Ma (I’m Only Bleeding)” over a 45-year period, from 1964 until 2009. The song makes for a vivid case study in Dylanesque reinvention: over nearly 800 performances, Dylan has played it solo and with a band (acoustic and electric); in five different keys; in diverse meters and tempos; and in arrangements that index a dizzying array of genres (folk, blues, country, rockabilly, soul, arena rock, etc.). This is to say nothing of the countless performative inflections in each evening’s rendering, especially in Dylan’s singing, which varies widely as regards phrasing, rhythm, pitch, articulation, and timbre. How can music theorists engage analytically with such a moving target, and what insights into Dylan’s music and its meanings might such a study reveal? The present article proposes one set of answers to these questions. First, by deploying a range of analytical techniques—from spectrographic analysis to schema theory—it demonstrates that the analytical challenges raised by Dylan’s performances are not as insurmountable as they might at first appear, especially when approached with a strategic and flexible methodological pluralism. Second, the article shows that such analytical engagement can lend new insight into an array of broader theoretical questions, especially those concerning the refractory relationship between song and performance in Dylan’s practice. Finally, the paper illustrates that a close, analytical attentiveness to the sonic particulars of Dylan’s live performances can open our ears to the cacophony of musical pasts that animate his music making.

scholarly journals GENDER AND PERFORMANCE IN ARABIC LANGUAGE LEARNING IN LAGOS

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tijani Akinola MOGAJI
Keyword(s):  
Language Learning ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Arabic Language ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Gender Analysis ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Analysis Of Performance ◽  
Better Than

This study focused on gender analysis of performance and enrolment for Arabic Language in a selected Arabic school in Lagos State. The study adopted the survey method for choosing the admitted students during the three years between 2014 and 2016. The purposive sampling technique was employed to select Daaru Da’wah wal Irshaad as a case study. The results revealed that the male Arabic students performed significantly better than the female students. Secondly, it indicated that the enrolment of males is far higher than that of females. The study concludes on the need to encourage the womenfolk to cultivate Arabic learning and sensitize them on the wealth of opportunity accruable from learning the language. Keywords: Arabic language, gender, enrolment, performance, Arabic schools

‘Something is better than nothing’: Early childhood caregiver–child music classes taught remotely in the time of COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Huisman Koops ◽  
Samantha C. Webber
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Music Teachers ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Online Classes ◽  
Early Childhood Music ◽  
Music Class ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Parents And Caregivers

Many early childhood music teachers suddenly shifted to remote teaching in March 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of this intrinsic case study was to gather information about parents’ and caregivers’ perspectives on and reactions to remote teaching of caregiver–child early childhood music classes. The participant families were enrolled in an on-site music class when the switch in format happened due to COVID-19 and were given the option of continuing with instruction via Zoom or receiving a refund for the remainder of the semester. All families were invited to complete a survey with questions about their decision to participate or not and suggestions for ongoing remote programming. Families who chose to participate in synchronous online classes were invited to complete interviews. Eleven adults, representing nine enrolled children, offered their perceptions of the affordances and constraints of the remote caregiver–child music class and suggestions for improvement of remote teaching. Four themes arose in the interviews: (1) the centrality of interaction, (2) the need to support families, (3) the kids & screens paradox and (4) something is better than nothing. Families who chose not to do remote classes in the spring reported they were not interested in trying Zoom classes in the fall either. The main reason families gave for not wanting to participate was concerns about children and screen time. We share implications for teaching and suggestions for future research.

Knowledge Assets in the Global Economy

2001 ◽  
pp. 232-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yogesh Malhotra
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
Resource Planning ◽  
Assessment Methods ◽  
Information Resource ◽  
Future Research ◽  
National Economic ◽  
Assessment Techniques ◽  
And Performance ◽  
National Information

This chapter has the following objectives: developing the need for assessing knowledge capital at the national economic level; reviewing a national case study of how intellectual capital assessment was done in case of one nation state; suggesting implications of use of such assessment methods and needed areas of advancement; and highlighting caveats in existing assessment methods that underscore the directions for future research. With increasing emphasis on aligning national information resource planning, design and implementation with growth and performance needs of business or nation, better understanding of new valuation and assessment techniques is necessary for information resource management policymakers, practitioners and researchers.

scholarly journals Custo financeiro da estocagem: estudo de caso em indústria de grande porte

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-102
Author(s):  
Rodney Wernke ◽  
Andrey Pereira dos Santos ◽  
Lia Schlickmann ◽  
Antonio Zanin
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Financial Cost ◽  
Financial Costs ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Long Storage ◽  
Study Format

Resumo: Neste artigo objetivou-se a mensuração dos custos financeiros relacionados à estocagem de matérias-primas de uma fábrica de grande porte. Para tanto, foi utilizada metodologia do tipo descritiva, com abordagem qualitativa e o formato de estudo de caso. Quanto aos resultados, no conjunto de 261 matérias-primas estocadas (que superava R$ 5,3 milhões) foram aplicados os procedimentos detalhados no texto que proporcionaram informações gerenciais acerca do valor elevado dos estoques excedentes (R$ 1.029.913,26), da existência de insumos com prazos de estocagem extensos e de custos financeiros expressivos (superiores a R$ 170 mil) pela manutenção de estoque com tais características. Além disso, foi possível determinar os produtos mais problemáticos e o desempenho por grupos de matérias-primas, permitindo a comparação entre essas modalidades de segregação. Por último, foram elencadas algumas limitações do estudo e recomendados temas para futuras pesquisas.Palavras-chave: Custo financeiro. Estoque. Estudo de caso. Financial cost of storage: a case study in a large industry Abstract: The article aimed at the measurement of financial costs related to the storage of raw materials of a large factory. For that, a descriptive methodology was used, with a qualitative approach and the case study format. As to the results, the procedures detailed in the text that provided managerial information about the high value of surplus inventories (R$ 1.029.913, 26), the existence of inputs with long storage periods and significant financial costs (over R$ 170 thousand) for the maintenance of inventory with such characteristics. In addition, it was possible to determine the most problematic products and performance by groups of raw materials, allowing a comparison between these segregation modalities. Finally, some limitations of the study and recommended topics for future research were listed.Keywords: Financial cost. Stock. Case study.

Knowledge Assets in the Global Economy

2002 ◽  
pp. 329-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yogesh Malhotra
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
Resource Planning ◽  
Assessment Methods ◽  
Information Resource ◽  
Future Research ◽  
National Economic ◽  
Assessment Techniques ◽  
And Performance ◽  
National Information

This article has the following objectives: to develop the need for assessing knowledge capital at the national economic level; to review a national case study of how intellectual capital assessment was done in the case of one nation state; to suggest implications of use of such assessment methods and needed areas of advancement; and highlight caveats in existing assessment methods that underscore the directions for future research. With increasing emphasis on aligning national information resource planning, design, and implementation with growth and performance needs of businesses or nations, better understanding of new valuation and assessment techniques are necessary for information resource management policymakers, practitioners, and researchers.

scholarly journals The Behavior of Procurement Process as Described by Using System Dynamics Methodology

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Mohd Izhan Mohd Yusoff
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Project Management ◽  
System Dynamics ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Procurement Process ◽  
Fields Of Study ◽  
Telecommunication Company ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact

System dynamics methodology has been used in many fields of study which include supply chain, project management and performance, and procurement process. The said methodology enables the researchers to identify and study the impact of the variables or factors on the outcome of the model they developed. In this paper, we showed the use of system dynamics methodology in studying the behavior of procurement process that is totally different from those mentioned in previous studies. By using a typical procurement process employed by a telecommunication company as a case study, we proposed a new one (i.e., procurement process) and developed a procurement model where we discovered that the number of days involved in completing the whole procurement process depends heavily upon the scenarios we created (especially those that exceed two months), and suggested future research undertakings.

Knowledge Assets in the Global Economy

2002 ◽  
pp. 22-42
Author(s):  
Yogesh Malhotra
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
Resource Planning ◽  
Assessment Methods ◽  
Information Resource ◽  
Future Research ◽  
National Economic ◽  
Assessment Techniques ◽  
And Performance ◽  
National Information

This article has the following objectives: developing the need for assessing knowledge capital at the national economic level; review of a national case study of how intellectual capital assessment was done in case of one nation state; suggesting implications of use of such assessment methods and needed areas of advancement; and highlighting caveats in existing assessment methods that underscore the directions for future research. With increasing emphasis on aligning national information resource planning, design and implementation with growth and performance needs of businesses or nations, better understanding of new valuation and assessment techniques are necessary for information resource management policymakers, practitioners and researchers.

Applying Path Planning to the Design of Additively Manufactured Functionally Graded Materials

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanner Kirk ◽  
Richard Malak ◽  
Raymundo Arroyave
Keyword(s):  
Functionally Graded ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Graded Materials ◽  
Functionally Gradient ◽  
Path Design ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Cr System ◽  
Parameter Dependency ◽  
Infinite Set

Additive manufacturing has enabled the creation of a near infinite set of functionally gradient materials. One limitation on the manufacturability and usefulness of these materials is the presence of undesirable phases along the gradient path. For example, such phases may increase brittleness, diminish corrosion resistance, or severely compromise the printability of the part altogether. In the current work, a design methodology is proposed to plan an FGM gradient path for any number of elements that avoids undesirable phases at a range of temperatures. Gradient paths can also be optimized for a cost function. A case study is shown to demonstrate the effectiveness of the methodology in the Fe-Ni-Cr system. Paths were successfully planned from 316L SS to pure Cr that either minimize path length or maximize separation from undesirable phases. Examinations on the stochastic variability, parameter dependency, and computational efficiency of the method are also presented. Several avenues of future research are proposed that could improve the manufacturability, utility, and performance of FGMs through gradient path design.

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