The Relationship Between Executive Functions and Capacity to Consent to Treatment in Acute Psychiatric Hospitalization

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 63-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriele Mandarelli ◽  
Giovanna Parmigiani ◽  
Lorenzo Tarsitani ◽  
Paola Frati ◽  
Massimo Biondi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Executive Functions ◽  
Psychiatric Hospitalization ◽  
Capacity To Consent ◽  
Consent To Treatment ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Can the Mini-Mental State Examination Predict Capacity to Consent to Treatment?

GeroPsych ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 151-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Haberstroh ◽  
Tanja Müller ◽  
Maren Knebel ◽  
Roman Kaspar ◽  
Frank Oswald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental State ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Modeling Framework ◽  
Capacity To Consent ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Consent To Treatment ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
State Examination

This study examines the relationship between capacity to consent to treatment as measured by the MacArthur Competence Assessment Tool for Treatment (MacCAT-T) and severity of cognitive impairment as measured with the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). It also looks at the role of verbal retrieval in this relationship. We hypothesized that the often-quoted correlation between the MacCAT-T and the MMSE lies mainly in the joint dependence on verbal retrieval ability. Potential subjects were recruited from memory clinics, senior citizen meeting places, and a university program for seniors. Data of 149 people over 54 years, 49 of whom had been diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease or mixed dementia, were used. The relationship between capacity to consent to treatment, verbal retrieval, and MMSE was examined using a structural equation modeling framework. The findings suggest that verbal retrieval is a confounding method factor. In the informed consent process for people with dementia, verbal memory loads should be minimized to provide a more valid measure of their capacity to consent to treatment.

scholarly journals Capacity to consent to treatment in patients with acute mania

2006 ◽  
Vol 30 (11) ◽  
pp. 419-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Beckett ◽  
Robert Chaplin
Keyword(s):  
Informed Choice ◽  
Clinical Interview ◽  
Acute Mania ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Capacity To Consent ◽  
Manic Symptoms ◽  
Consent To Treatment ◽  
Lower Severity ◽  
The Relationship

Aims and MethodThis study aimed to determine the proportion of patients hospitalised with mania who had capacity to consent to treatment, to determine the predictors of capacity and to explore the relationship between detained status and capacity. Fifty in-patients with mania participated in a clinical interview to assess capacity.ResultsNineteen patients (38%) had overall capacity. Capacity was predicted by higher IQ, lower severity of manic symptoms and more episodes of depression; it was not related to voluntary or detained status. The domains of capacity were not hierarchical.Clinical ImplicationsMany patients hospitalised with mania have capacity to make an informed choice regarding treatment even when compulsorily detained. Their capacity should be reviewed frequently and measures adopted to enhance capacity.

scholarly journals The recovery of factors associated with decision-making capacity in individuals with psychosis

BJPsych Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 113-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin Fernandez ◽  
Harry G. Kennedy ◽  
Miriam Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Global Assessment Of Functioning ◽  
Symptom Scale ◽  
Global Functioning ◽  
Capacity To Consent ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Decision Making Capacity ◽  
Consent To Treatment ◽  
The Relationship

BackgroundThere is limited data on the recovery of factors associated with decisional capacity in patients with psychosis.AimsTo study the relationship between changes in mental capacity, symptoms and global functioning using structured measures during treatment for psychosis.MethodFifty-six patients with psychosis were assessed for capacity to consent to treatment on admission and at 6 and 12 weeks following treatment. The MacArthur Competence Assessment Tool – Treatment, the Positive and Negative Symptom Scale and the Global Assessment of Functioning Scale were used to measure mental capacities, symptom severity and global functioning respectively. Treating consultants rated capacity to consent, masked to these measures.ResultsGreater impairments on all measures were found in patients assessed as lacking capacity. These improved with treatment over 12 weeks with significant effect sizes (0.5 to 0.6). Stronger correlations between mental capacities, positive symptoms (-0.47) and global functioning (0.56) were noted in the first 6 weeks.ConclusionsImpairments in capacity in acute stages of psychosis are related to symptom severity and functional impairment. They improve during treatment, particularly in the first 6 weeks.

The relationship between rumination and executive functions: A meta-analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergiu P. Vălenaș ◽  
◽  
Aurora Szentágotai-Tătar ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Executive Functions ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
The Relationship

Decisional capacity to consent to treatment and anaesthesia in patients over the age of 60 undergoing major orthopaedic surgery

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 247-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriele Mandarelli ◽  
Giovanna Parmigiani ◽  
Felice Carabellese ◽  
Silvia Codella ◽  
Paolo Roma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Informed Consent ◽  
Orthopaedic Surgery ◽  
Decisional Capacity ◽  
Capacity To Consent ◽  
Capacity Evaluation ◽  
Decision Making Capacity ◽  
Consent To Treatment ◽  
Major Orthopaedic Surgery ◽  
Pain Symptoms ◽  
State Examination

Despite growing attention to the ability of patients to provide informed consent to treatment in different medical settings, few studies have dealt with the issue of informed consent to major orthopaedic surgery in those over the age of 60. This population is at risk of impaired decision-making capacity (DMC) because older age is often associated with a decline in cognitive function, and they often present with anxiety and depressive symptoms, which could also affect their capacity to consent to treatment. Consent to major orthopaedic surgery requires the patient to understand, retain and reason about complex procedures. This study was undertaken to extend the literature on decisional capacity to consent to surgery and anaesthesia of patients over the age of 60 undergoing major orthopaedic surgery. Recruited patients ( N=83) were evaluated using the Aid to Capacity Evaluation, the Beck Depression Inventory, the State–Trait Anxiety Inventory Y, the Mini-Mental State Examination and a visual analogue scale for measuring pain symptomatology. Impairment of medical DMC was common in the overall sample, with about 50% of the recruited patients showing a doubtful ability, or overt inability, to provide informed consent. Poor cognitive functioning was associated with reduced medical DMC, although no association was found between decisional capacity and depressive, anxiety and pain symptoms. These findings underline the need of an in-depth assessment of capacity in older patients undergoing major orthopaedic surgery.

scholarly journals Task Monitoring and Working Memory as Executive Components Predictive of General and Specific Academic Achievements in 6–9-Year-Old Children

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (13) ◽  
pp. 6681
Author(s):  
Alberto Quílez-Robres ◽  
Nieves Moyano ◽  
Alejandra Cortés-Pascual
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Academic Performance ◽  
Executive Functions ◽  
Language Arts ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Academic Achievements ◽  
Predictive Role ◽  
And Mathematics ◽  
The Relationship

Academic achievement has been linked to executive functions. However, it is necessary to clarify the different predictive role that executive functions have on general and specific academic achievement and to determine the most predictive executive factor of this academic achievement. The relationship and predictive role between executive functions and their components (initiative, working memory, task monitoring, organization of materials, flexibility, emotional control, inhibition, self-monitoring) with academic achievement are analyzed in this study, both globally and specifically in the areas of Language Arts and Mathematics, in 133 students from 6 to 9 years of age. The relationship obtained in Pearson’s correlation analysis does not differ substantially between overall achievement (r = 0.392) and specific achievement (r = 0.361, r = 0.361), but task monitoring (r = 0.531, r = 0.455, r = 0.446) and working memory (r = 0.512, r = 0.475, r = 0.505) had a greater relationship with general and specific achievement. Finally, regression analyses based on correlation results indicate that executive functions predict general academic performance (14.7%) and specific performance (12.3%, 12.2%) for Language Arts and Mathematics, respectively. Furthermore, working memory and task supervision represent 32.5% of general academic performance, 25.5% of performance in Language Arts, and 27.1% of performance in Mathematics. In conclusion, this study yielded exploratory data on the possible executive functions (task supervision and working memory) responsible for good general academic achievements and specific academic achievements in Mathematics and Language Arts.

scholarly journals Study of the Interaction between Executive Function and Adaptive Behavior at School in Girls with Fragile X Syndrome

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1108
Author(s):  
Lorena Joga-Elvira ◽  
Jennifer Martinez-Olmo ◽  
María-Luisa Joga ◽  
Carlos Jacas ◽  
Ana Roche-Martínez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Executive Function ◽  
Executive Functions ◽  
Fragile X Syndrome ◽  
Adaptive Behavior ◽  
Neuropsychological Tests ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Fragile X ◽  
School Setting ◽  
Control Group ◽  
The Relationship

The aim of this research is to analyze the relationship between executive functions and adaptive behavior in girls with Fragile X syndrome (FXS) in the school setting. This study is part of a larger investigation conducted at the Hospital Parc Tauli in Sabadell. The sample consists of a total of 40 girls (26 with FXS and 14 control) aged 7–16 years, who were administered different neuropsychological tests (WISC-V, NEPSY-II, WCST, TOL) and questionnaires answered by teachers (ABAS-II, BRIEF 2, ADHD Rating Scale). The results show that there is a greater interaction between some areas of executive function (cognitive flexibility, auditory attention, and visual abstraction capacity) and certain areas of adaptive behavior (conceptual, practical, social, and total domains) in the FXS group than in the control group. These results suggest that an alteration in the executive functions was affecting the daily functioning of the girls with FXS to a greater extent.

scholarly journals Relationship between Competency to Consent to Treatment and Psychological Well-Being: Mediating Effect of Empowerment and Emotion

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (15) ◽  
pp. 8170
Author(s):  
Yeun-Joo Hur ◽  
Joon-Ho Park ◽  
MinKyu Rhee
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Treatment Evaluation ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Mediation Effect ◽  
Psychiatric Outpatients ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Consent To Treatment ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
The Relationship

This study was conducted to evaluate the competency to consent to the treatment of psychiatric outpatients and to confirm the role of empowerment and emotional variables in the relationship between competency to consent to treatment and psychological well-being. The study participants consisted of 191 psychiatric outpatients who voluntarily consented to the study among psychiatric outpatients. As a result of competency to consent to treatment evaluation, the score of the psychiatric outpatient’s consent to treatment was higher than the cut-off point for both the overall and sub-factors, confirming that they were overall good. In addition, the effect of the ability of application on psychological well-being among competency to consent to treatment was verified using PROCESS Macro, and the double mediation effect using empowerment and emotional variables was verified to provide an expanded understanding of this. As a result of the analysis, empowerment completely mediated the relation between the ability of application and psychological well-being, and the relation between the ability of application and psychological well-being was sequentially mediated by empowerment and emotion-related variables. Based on these findings, the implications and limitations of this study were discussed.

Incest Offences and Alcoholism

1974 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Virkkunen
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behaviour ◽  
Psychiatric Hospitalization ◽  
Large Family ◽  
Sexual Attitude ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
The Other ◽  
Alcoholic Drinks ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
At Home

The purpose of this study was to clarify whether alcoholic incest offenders differ from other criminals who commit these offences. The series consisted of 45 cases of incest, of which 22 cases (48.9 per cent) gave an indication of alcoholism in the offender. The alcoholics showed more evidence of previous criminal offences, and this was especially true when considering acts of violence only. The alcoholics had also exhibited more often than the others aggressive features at home before the detection of incest. Statistically, significant differences were not arrived at as to depression, psychotic disturbances, intellectual defects, problems of jealousy, psychiatric hospitalization, and earlier sexual behaviour. The spouse had a rejective sexual attitude towards the offender in alcoholic cases more frequently than in other cases. The cause of this appeared to be mainly disgust at the abuse of alcoholic drinks and its consequences, as well as the result of a large family and/or poor living conditions. In more than half of the cases of incest in both groups actual intercourse had taken place. Generally, the relationship had, however, started by only touching sexual organs and so forth. According to the offender the victim had shown activity in one-third of the cases of alcoholics. The alcoholic offender tended to be under the influence of alcohol at least at the beginning of the relationship more often than the non-alcoholic person. Offences or an offence were reported by the victim or the offender's spouse in the cases of alcoholics more often than in the other cases; then the informer was usually an outsider. However, the victim's and the spouse's fear of the offender was one reason for concealment when the alcoholics were involved.

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