The Hummus Wars Revisited: Israeli-Arab Food Politics and Gastromediation

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 19-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nir Avieli
Keyword(s):  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Lemon Juice ◽  
Violent Conflict ◽  
Specific Interest ◽  
World Record ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Heated Debate ◽  
The Subject ◽  
State Of Israel

The state of Israel has been involved in a long-standing violent conflict with its Arab neighbors, yet Jews and Arabs share a culinary passion: hummus. This humble dip of mashed chickpeas seasoned with tahini and lemon juice is ubiquitous in Middle Eastern public and private culinary spheres and is extremely popular among Arabs and Israeli Jews and, as of recently, among Western consumers lured by the health qualities of the “Mediterranean diet” and by the exotic nature of the dish itself. In 2008, hummus became the subject of a heated debate between Israel and Lebanon that revolved around cultural copyrights, culinary heritage, and economic revenues. In this article I return to the so-called Hummus Wars, a series of culinary undertakings performed in Lebanon and Israel in an attempt to claim ownership over hummus by setting a Guinness World Record for the largest hummus dish. I focus on one of these events, which attracted substantial attention in Israel and beyond: the breaking of the Guinness record at the Palestinian-Israeli village of Abu Gosh. In my analysis of this event I highlight two aspects of the “Hummus Wars” that are of specific interest to food scholars. First, I argue that food metaphors acquire a life of their own and may express unexpected meanings. Second, I point to the unexpected role of mediator undertaken by Palestinians of Israeli citizenship in this event. I suggest that a process of what I term “gastromediation” was taking place in Abu Gosh, in which the smooth oily paste was intended to serve as a material and social lubricant for the Israeli-Arab-Jewish-Palestinian conflict.

Dying to Eat

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
American South ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Cultural Perspective ◽  
Cultural Perspectives ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Korean Chinese ◽  
The American South

In Dying to Eat: Cross-Cultural Perspectives on Food, Death, and the Afterlife, Candi K. Cann examines the role of food in dying, death, bereavement, and the afterlife. The coeditors seek to illuminate on the intersection of food and death in various cultures as well as fill an overlooked scholarly niche. Dying to Eat offers a multi-cultural perspective from contributors examining Korean, Chinese, Japanese, Latin American, European, Middle Eastern and American rituals and customs surrounding death and food. The contributors discuss a wide array of topics, including the role of death in the Islamic Sufi approach to food, the intersection of Buddhism, Catholicism, and Shamanism, as well as the role of casseroles and church cookbooks in the American South. The collection will provide not only food for thought on the subject of death and afterlife, but also theories, methods, recipes, and instructions on how and why food is used in dying, death, mourning, and afterlife rituals and practices in different cultural and religious contexts.

Mandelstam's Worlds

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Kahn
Keyword(s):  
Political Ideology ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Seamus Heaney ◽  
Political Poetry ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Political Dimension ◽  
Waste Land ◽  
Moral Compromise ◽  
The Subject

Rightly appreciated as a ‘poet’s poet’, Mandelstam has been habitually read as a repository of learned allusion. Yet as Seamus Heaney observed, his work is ‘as firmly rooted in both an historical and cultural context as real as Joyce’s Ulysses or Eliot’s Waste Land’. Great lyric poets offer a cross-section of their times, and Mandelstam’s poems represent the worlds of politics, history, art, and ideas about intimacy and creativity. The interconnections between these domains and Mandelstam’s writings are the subject of this book, showing how engaged the poet was with the history, social movements, political ideology, and aesthetics of his time. The importance of the book also lies in showing how literature, no less than history and philosophy, enables readers to confront the huge upheaval in outlook that can be demanded of us; thinking with poetry is to think through the moral compromise and tension felt by individuals in public and private contexts, and to create out of art experience in itself. The book further innovates by integrating a new, comprehensive discussion of the Voronezh Notebooks, one of the supreme achievements of Russian poetry. Mandelstam’s controversial political poetry has been virtually a taboo topic (despite sporadic attempts at assessment). This book considers the full political dimension of works that explore the role of the poet as a figure positioned within society but outside the state, caught between an ideal of creative independence and a devotion to the original, ameliorative ideals of the revolution.

Pilgrimage and the Dynamics of Urbanism Reconsidered: Faubourg Architecture in Romanesque Aquitaine

2010 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 41-76
Author(s):  
Robert Maxwell
Keyword(s):  
Urban Growth ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Santiago De Compostela ◽  
Commercial Markets ◽  
Heated Debate ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Late Nineteenth

Since the late nineteenth century, scholars have considered pilgrimage a dynamic catalyst that influenced a range of cultural practices, not least architecture. The charismatic stewardship of such influential scholars as Arthur Kingsley Porter, Kenneth John Conant, Emile Mâle and Elie Lambert helped propel the study of ‘pilgrimage architecture’ to a leading field of study, and a handful of churches — notably St-Sernin in Toulouse, St-Martin in Tours, St-Martial in Limoges, Ste-Foy in Conques and the cathedral at Santiago de Compostela — achieved status as paradigmatic monuments. At the same time, the subject was also for a long while a source of heated debate fuelled by nationalist interests, occasionally lapsing even into ad hominem squabbles. The matter has in recent decades generated calmer discussion, including new perspectives introduced by studies of other complementary cultural phenomena. Urban and economic historians, in particular, have looked to the role of pilgrimage in relation to urban growth and the rise of commercial markets. This scholarship has contributed to re-evaluations among art historians and has shed greater light, for example, on the predatory fervour with which certain bishops, cathedral chapters and abbots enticed pilgrims to destinations like Chartres, Santiago de Compostela or Cluny, just as the infusion of interdisciplinary perspectives has helped architectural historians reassess so-called pilgrimage architecture. After all, not all churches of that type were on the pilgrimage roads, nor do all churches on those roads reflect the Toulousain-Compostelan model. The relative importance of the paradigmatic five churches has been called into question.

scholarly journals The role of public and private initiatives in the development of public education in Minusinsk District of Yenisei Province in the late XIX – early XX centuries

2021 ◽  
pp. 36-53
Author(s):  
Svetlana Zlotnikova Gennad'evna Zlotnikova
Keyword(s):  
Public Education ◽  
Elementary Education ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Periodical Press ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Board Of Regents ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
The Subject

The subject of this research is public and private initiatives of the population in the development of public education in the Minusinsk District of Yenisei Province in the late XIX – early XX centuries. The goal consists in studying the role of public and private initiatives in the development of public education in the territory of Minusinsk District of Yenisei Province over the period under review. The article employs the cultural-historical and historical-geographical methods; historiographical framework is comprised of the materials of pre-revolutionary periodical press (the newspaper “Eastern Review”), statistical data of Reviews of Yenisei Province, archival documents of the Minusinsk State Archive, and published documentation. Special attention is given to charitable activity of such individuals as I. G. Gusev, V. A. Danilov, F. F. Devyatov, N. M. Martyanov, I. M. Sibiryakov, and others in the sphere of public education. The article reviews the role of the Board of Regents of Minusinsk Women's Professional Gymnasium and Minusinsk Society for the Monitoring of Elementary Education on the issue of literacy of the local population. The conclusion is made that the autonomous socially important activity of the representatives of merchantry and peasantry, as well as nongovernmental organizations, contributed to an increase in the number of schools, improvement of financial situation of educational institutions of Minusinsk District, and attraction competent pedagogues to the Siberian province.

The Crucial Role of Leadership in Meeting the Challenges of Change

2005 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 27-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beverly Alimo-Metcalfe ◽  
John Alban-Metcalfe
Keyword(s):  
Transformational Leadership ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
Line Managers ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Managing Change ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Public And Private Sector

One of the most important factors, in managing change effectively, is the nature of leadership exercised Much has been written on the subject of leadership, but most of it has emanated from US studies of ‘distant’ leaders (e.g. CEOs). We undertook research into the nature of ‘nearby’ leadership (day-to-day behaviours of line managers), in UK public and private sector organisations, since such behaviours must be embedded in the organisations' culture if effectiveness is to be sustained. This paper describes the findings from our major investigation, involving over 4,000 male and female managers and professionals, which resulted in a new model of leadership of a very different tenor to the dominant US ones. It also describes how we have used the 360-feedback instrument developed from the research—The Transformational Leadership Questionnaire (TLQ)—to support culture change programmes, and the major barriers to the effectiveness of such interventions.

scholarly journals Climatic windows for human migration out of Africa in the past 300,000 years

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert M. Beyer ◽  
Mario Krapp ◽  
Anders Eriksson ◽  
Andrea Manica
Keyword(s):  
Modern Human ◽  
Human Migration ◽  
Hunter Gatherers ◽  
The Past ◽  
Potential Contact ◽  
Heated Debate ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Origin Of Modern Humans ◽  
Out Of Africa

AbstractWhilst an African origin of modern humans is well established, the timings and routes of their expansions into Eurasia are the subject of heated debate, due to the scarcity of fossils and the lack of suitably old ancient DNA. Here, we use high-resolution palaeoclimate reconstructions to estimate how difficult it would have been for humans in terms of rainfall availability to leave the African continent in the past 300k years. We then combine these results with an anthropologically and ecologically motivated estimate of the minimum level of rainfall required by hunter-gatherers to survive, allowing us to reconstruct when, and along which geographic paths, expansions out of Africa would have been climatically feasible. The estimated timings and routes of potential contact with Eurasia are compatible with archaeological and genetic evidence of human expansions out of Africa, highlighting the key role of palaeoclimate variability for modern human dispersals.

scholarly journals Rola programu PHARE w rozwoju przedsiębiorczości w Polsce w latach 1989-2004

2006 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 48-54
Author(s):  
Jakub Sosin
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Integration Process ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Eu Integration ◽  
Process Support ◽  
Balkan Countries ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Eu

The article shows the role of the PHARE programme in the development of enterprise in Poland 1989-2004. The programme was introduced in 1989 as the EU help, first only for Poland and Hungary, hence the name built of the first letters of the full English name „PolandHungary Assistance to Restructuring their Economies”. In 1990 countries like Albania, Romania, Estonia, Lithuania and Latvia joined the programme. Till 2000 seventeen countries in our region benefited from the programme. The programme was divided into some stages: 1989-1991 short-term help, 1991-1994 training and consultancy, 1994-1997 investment support, from 1998 till joining the EU integration process support. It is Poland that has got the most funds from the programme so far (21% of the PHARE budget, till 2000). For the years 2000-2006 a programme called PHARE 2 was created. Ten countries from the middle-eastern Europe benefit from the programme, also the countries that were candidates and from 1st May, 2004 are members of the EU as well as some Balkan countries. This programme had four editions: PHARE 2000, PHARE 2001, PHARE 2002, PHARE 2003 and, depend on the subject of help, appeared under different names. PHARE programme is very wide and diverse. It was evolving during its realization. Funds from many of its components helped to develop enterprise in Poland, directly and indirectly.

5. Raising capital: equity and its consequences

Company Law ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 63-85
Author(s):  
Alan Dignam ◽  
John Lowry
Keyword(s):  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Listed Companies ◽  
Private Companies ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Public Companies ◽  
The Public ◽  
Insider Dealing ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Uk

Titles in the Core Text series take the reader straight to the heart of the subject, providing focused, concise, and reliable guides for students at all levels. This chapter focuses on raising equity from the general public and its consequences for the operation of the company. It begins by outlining the basics of raising equity before turning to the consequences of operating in a public market, with emphasis on areas such as takeovers and insider dealing. It then considers the distinction between public and private companies in terms of capital raising, how such companies are regulated, and how public companies differ from listed companies. It also discusses various methods of raising money from the public, the role of the Financial Conduct Authority and the London Stock Exchange in ensuring the proper functioning of the listed market in the UK, and the regulation of listed companies as well as takeovers and other public offers.

scholarly journals Per una pianificazione "a misura" di territorio

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camilla Perrone
Keyword(s):  
Common Good ◽  
Cooperative Behaviour ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Private Interests ◽  
Critical Issues ◽  
Size Type ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Common ◽  
Definition Of

The text proposes several approaches for reflection on the subject of the governance of territorial consumption, addressing two critical issues: the dimensioning of planning and the concept of territory as a common good. The latter is understood as the outcome of cooperative behaviour and interactive practices aimed at recognition of the value of the places and the definition of rules of settlement for the protection of increasingly scarce collective resources. Exploring the relations between the limits of efficacy of the mechanisms for dimensioning the plans and responsibilities of the policies for governance of the territory – increasingly torn between public and private interests and not sufficiently "shared" - the book offers food for thought on the role of a "territorial-size" type of planning in the acknowledgement and management of the common goods.

Top-Down Processing and Visual Reorientation Illusions in a Virtual Reality Environment

2004 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 143-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fred W. Mast ◽  
Charles M. Oman
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Visual Processing ◽  
Line Length ◽  
Perceptual Cues ◽  
Virtual Reality Environment ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Test Conditions ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Processing Mechanisms

The role of top-down processing on the horizontal-vertical line length illusion was examined by means of an ambiguous room with dual visual verticals. In one of the test conditions, the subjects were cued to one of the two verticals and were instructed to cognitively reassign the apparent vertical to the cued orientation. When they have mentally adjusted their perception, two lines in a plus sign configuration appeared and the subjects had to evaluate which line was longer. The results showed that the line length appeared longer when it was aligned with the direction of the vertical currently perceived by the subject. This study provides a demonstration that top-down processing influences lower level visual processing mechanisms. In another test condition, the subjects had all perceptual cues available and the influence was even stronger.

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