Political Society, Civil Society, and the State in India

Asian Survey ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 348-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolyn Elliott
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
Democratic Society ◽  
The State ◽  
Political Society

Abstract This article is an ethnography portraying the processual and performative dimensions of the 2009 state assembly election in Andhra Pradesh. It shows how upper castes have persisted in power in a multicaste and increasingly democratic society through the distribution of welfare and patronage benefits to more marginalized segments of society. Conceptually, it argues for the importance of “political society” over “civil society,” when examining state-society relations in neoliberal, democratic India.

scholarly journals Caráter das mudanças na America Latina. Algumas questões metodológicas

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 82
Author(s):  
Lucio Oliver Costilla
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
South America ◽  
The State ◽  
Political Society ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Sociedad Civil ◽  
America Latina ◽  
América Del Sur ◽  
Hegemonic Construction

Resumo Este artigo aborda as atuais mudanças em curso na América do Sul, desde uma sociologia política crítica a partir de uma análise das interconexões entre sociedade política e sociedade civil, em especial gramsciana. Ela propõe ser a chave para construir um campo de problemas teóricos e metodológicos vinculados à teoria crítica e a questão do Estado em sentido integral, que permitam entender o que acontece na sociedade política (a disputa de projetos políticos) e, sobre tudo, na sociedade civil (o universo de ideologias, valores, visões de mundo em jogo). A questão não se trata aceitar a ótica dos autores políticos que dirigem as mudanças em marcha, se não configurar teoricamente a problemática das mudanças. Sugiro que este enfoque de estudo permita valorizar a capacidade de intervenção institucional e político-social das forças progressistas e perguntar se estão apostando, ou não, a elevar os níveis de organização e consciência das massas populares, questão chave na construção hegemônica. Conclui-se que a questão central a elucidar na última década e meia de governos progressistas na América do Sul é saber qual o Estado que se precisa para uma sociedade em expansão e empoderamento, e qual a sociedade civil necessária para sustentar, aprofundar ou consolidar as novas políticas em um sentido emancipador. Palavras-Chave: Crises e reconfiguração da América Latina. Ruptura epistemológica. Construção de problemáticas sociológicas. Crítica e política nas mudanças da América Latina.---ResumenEste articulo aborda las actuales mudanzas en curso en América del Sur desde una sociología política critica a partir de una análisis de las interconexiones entre sociedad política y sociedad civil en clave gramsciana. Propone que clave construir un campo de problemas teóricos y metodológicos vinculados a la teoría crítica y a la cuestión del Estado en el sentido integral, que permitan entender lo que acontece en la sociedad política (la disputa de proyectos políticos) y sobre todo en la sociedad civil (el universo de ideologías, valores, visiones del mundo en juego). La cuestión no pasa por aceptar la óptica de los actores políticos que dirigen los cambios en marcha, sino configurar teóricamente la problemática de los cambios. Sugiero que este enfoque de estudio permite valorar la capacidad de intervención institucional y político-social de las fuerzas progresistas y preguntarse si están apostando , o no, a elevar los niveles de organización y conciencia de las masas populares, cuestión clave en la construcción hegemónica. Se concluye que la cuestión central a dilucidar en la última década y media de gobiernos progresistas en América del Sur es saber cuál es el Estado que se precisa para una sociedad en expansión y empoderamiento, y cuál la sociedad civil necesaria para sustentar, profundizar o consolidar las nuevas políticas en un sentido emancipador.Palabras Clave: Crisis y reconfiguración de América Latina. Ruptura epistemológica. Construcción de problemáticas sociológicas. Crítica y política en las mudanzas de América Latina.---AbstractThis article covers the current changes taking place in South America, from a critical political sociology to an analysis of the interconnections between political society and civil society, especially Gramscian. This may be the key to building a field of theoretical and methodological problems linked to the critical theory and the issue of the State, which enables an understanding of the political society (the dispute of political projects) and, above all, of the civil society (the universe of ideologies, values, worldviews at stake). It is not a question of accepting the perspective of political figures that drive the ongoing changes, but to establish, theoretically, the issue of change. I suggest that this study approach will allow develop the ability of institutional and political-social intervention of the progressive forces and question if they are trying, or not, to raise levels of organization and consciousness of the masses, the key issue is in the hegemonic construction. I conclude that the key issue, from the last decade and a half of progressive governments in South America, is to know which is the state that is required for a society in expansion and empowerment and, in an emancipatory sense, which is the civil society needed to sustain, strengthen or consolidate the new policies. Keywords: Crisis and reconfiguration of Latin America. Epistemological rupture. Construction of sociological issues. Critical and political changes in Latin America.

scholarly journals A Conceptual History of Civil Society: From Greek Beginnings to the End of Marx

2008 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boris DeWiel
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
The State ◽  
History Of Ideas ◽  
Critical Event ◽  
Political Society ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
French Enlightenment ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Common ◽  
Ways Of Life

The idea of civil society has undergone a renaissance in recent years, but missing from this literature is an explanation for its historical transformation in meaning. Originally civil society was synonymous with political society, but the common modem meaning emphasizes autonomy from the state. This paper traces this historical transformation within the context of the history of ideas, and suggests that the critical event was an eighteenth-century reaction against the rationalistic universalism associated with the French Enlightenment. The continued significance of the question of universalism is suggested by the fact that universalistic Marxist Leninist theories provided the ideological underpinnings for the destruction of civil society in Eastern European nations. The paper concludes that three elements are essential to the modern understanding of civil society: its autonomy from the state, its interdependence with the state, and the pluralism of values, ideals and ways of life embodied in its institutions.

Democratization and Changing Anti-American Sentiments in South Korea

Asian Survey ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 327-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang Hun Oh ◽  
Celeste Arrington
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Democratic Consolidation ◽  
The State ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Society

This study takes a disaggregated approach to the analysis of recent anti-American sentiments in Korea. It examines how the political changes entailed in the processes of democratization and democratic consolidation in the arenas of civil society, political society, and the state have diversely affected anti-U.S. sentiments in Korea.

“Don't Mention the War?” The Politics of Remembrance and Forgetfulness in Postwar Lebanon

2007 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oren Barak
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Civil War ◽  
The State ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Society ◽  
Modern History ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
Conflict Settings

This article explores the divergent ways in which the state, the political society, and the civil society in Lebanon have addressed the Civil War (1975-90) in the postwar era. More specifically, I explore the interplay between actors operating within these spheres concerning three contentious questions: a) Should the war be remembered and commemorated? b) Who is responsible for the war? c) How to consider Lebanon's modern history in light of the war? The discussion highlights both the possibilities and constraints of civil society groups in post-conflict settings.

scholarly journals The Roles of Islamic Organizations in Civil Society and Political Society: Malaysia and Indonesia Compared

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-42
Author(s):  
Aisah Putri
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Political Parties ◽  
The State ◽  
Political Society ◽  
Integration Process ◽  
Political Coalition ◽  
System A ◽  
Democratic System ◽  
Islamic Organizations

In both Malaysia and Indonesia, Islamic organizations have played signifcant roles not only in civil society, but also in political society. By contrasting the Malaysian and Indonesian cases, this paper builds a notion arguing that it is possible for the Islamic organizations in civil society to objectively and actively oversee the state even when they are strongly linked to political parties. However, it needs specifc conditions, namely a democratic system, a weak political coalition, and an independent integration process to allow Islamic organizations to move into political society. This argument is also antithetical to a popular neo-Tocquevilleans argument that civil society should be separated from political society to function e?ectively.

scholarly journals ИРГЭНИЙ НИЙГЭМ ҮНДЭСНИЙ АЮУЛГҮЙ БАЙДЛЫГ ХАНГАХ СУБЬЕКТ МӨН: ОХУ, АНУ-ЫН ТУРШЛАГА

2016 ◽  
pp. 56-63
Author(s):  
Б Нэргүй
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Social Reform ◽  
Implementation Process ◽  
The United States ◽  
Democratic Society ◽  
The State ◽  
Security Studies ◽  
Main Element ◽  
Security Sector

Abstract: A civil society in the security sector is main element of social reform. One of the important issues of the civil society in the security sector in the democratic society is to be increased the participation of “civil society” in the development and implementation process of the national security and defense policy.Civil society is composed of the totality of many voluntary social relationships, civic and social organizations, and institutions that form of the basis of functional society, as distinct from the force-backed structures of the state. The civil society would not be opposed to the state. The activities and operations of the civil society might be possible to implement in the situations of the democratic society relations, in regarding too basis of the strengthened basement of the civil society establishment. Accordingly, that civil society is possible to develop elsewhere, that would be established strengthening possibility. Otherwise a civil society was developed elusively, when that is placed by the concurrence authoritarian and totalitarian condition. Civil society activities as subject provides different impact on ensure safety academic papers are a new area of security studies. Civil society’s participation in the security sector’s learning from the experience of the United States and Russia.

THE ROLE OF EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS IN THE FORMATION OF CONTEMPORARY BULGARIAN CULTURE IN CIVIL SOCIETY FOR RAISING THE SOCIAL ROLE OF SPECIAL SERVICES

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 2115-2118
Author(s):  
Stanislava Dimitrova Milachkova
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Democratic Society ◽  
The State ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Special Services ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
The Republic

Educational institutions play a key role in shaping a modern civil culture in society around the world, because without adequate civil education it is inconceivable to implement quality civilian control over special services. Civil education is a necessary process of learning practical knowledge and skills and shaping competencies for personal development and improvement, for structuring a democratic society, for laws, rights and responsibilities that provide opportunities for real participation in public life. Training for human rights and civil liability and duty, the position of a pupil-citizen, by adopting the principles and values that serve as the foundation and organization of democracy and the republic, the knowledge of the institutions and the laws by developing the rules in the social and political life, exercise and ability to properly justify. So they would find meaning in the individual and the collective responsibilities in their active citizenship. Civil education contributes to the development of a critical spirit, but through the exercise of arguments for reasoning and more accurate decision-making, reasoning and judgment. Through educational institutions, young citizens are prepared to conduct dialogue, debate, resolve conflicts, and embrace forms of civil communication and interaction with special services. This is a basic approach to the basic concepts - man and citizen. Within even the small city, through the education of democratic citizenship, new moral values are being built and active participation in the civil processes of the small community is taking place. The duty of adolescents to become aware of citizens' rights and obligations, norms of conduct and values in a democratic society, as well as the promotion of the role of special services in the Republic of Bulgaria, will prepare them for training and stability as active citizens of the world. Civil education forms a citizen. Civil society, as a public way of life, can function properly only on the basis of an adequate knowledge of the laws of the Republic of Bulgaria and the moral-legal will applying this knowledge in real life. Civil society is the sphere of social activity that focuses on the degree of socio-economic development of society and directly determines the state. The typing of the state has its objective basis in the typography of civil society. Each civil society is a system of human needs and means to meet them, labor, socio-economic, legal and other subject-practical and conscious-volitional relations, as well as a system of human rights organizations and various social institutions. The duty of the national education system to civil society is to build the citizen - the bearer of national self-awareness, civil culture, moral and moral-legal will. Only such a citizen will, in the course of his life, reproduce civil society in accordance with the national idea.

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