Evaluating the Accuracy of an Hallucinatory Algorithm to Predict Body Shape Changes from Dieting and Physical Activity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
John A. SHEPHERD ◽  
Michael WONG ◽  
Isaac TIAN ◽  
Yong En LIU ◽  
Samantha KENNEDY ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Shape ◽  
Shape Changes

Anthropometric Changes in Spaceflight

2021 ◽  
pp. 001872082110490
Author(s):  
Karen S. Young ◽  
K. Han Kim ◽  
Sudhakar Rajulu
Keyword(s):  
Body Shape ◽  
Space Station ◽  
The Body ◽  
Anthropometric Measurements ◽  
Space Suit ◽  
Anthropometric Data ◽  
Linear Measurements ◽  
Flight Phase ◽  
Overall Design ◽  
Shape Changes

Objective This study aims to identify the change in anthropometric measurements during spaceflight due to microgravity exposure. Background Comprehensive and accurate anthropometric measurements are crucial to assess body shape and size changes in microgravity. However, only limited anthropometric data have been available from the astronauts in spaceflight. Methods A new photogrammetry-based technique in combination with a tape-measure method was used for anthropometric measurements from nine crewmembers on the International Space Station. Measurements included circumference and height for body segments (chest, waist, bicep, thigh, calf). The time-dependent variations were also assessed across pre-, in-, and postflight conditions. Results Stature showed a biphasic change with up to 3% increase at the early flight phase, followed by a steady phase during the remaining flight. Postflight measurements returned to a similar level of the preflight. Other linear measurements, including acromion height, showed similar trends. The chest, hip, thigh, and calf circumferences show overall decrease during the flight up to 11%, then returned close to the preflight measurement at postflight. Conclusion The measurements from this study provide critical information for the spacesuit and hardware design. The ground-based assessments for spacesuit fit needs to be revalidated and adjusted for in-flight extravehicular activities from this data. Application These data can be useful for space suit design as well as habitat, vehicle, and additional microgravity activities such as exercise, where the body shape changes can affect fit, performance, and human factors of the overall design.

Body Shape Changes in HIV-Infected Patients

1998 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 307-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan C. Lo ◽  
Kathleen Mulligan ◽  
Viva W. Tai ◽  
Heather Algren ◽  
Morris Schambelan
Keyword(s):  
Body Shape ◽  
Shape Changes

scholarly journals Efeitos de variáveis psicológicas, morfológicas e sociodemográficas sobre o comportamento alimentar de adolescentes

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 182-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo de Sousa Fortes ◽  
Ana Carolina S. Amaral ◽  
Sebastião de Sousa Almeida ◽  
Maria Elisa C. Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Shape ◽  
International Physical Activity Questionnaire ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
Eating Attitudes Test ◽  
Physical Activity Questionnaire ◽  
Eat 26 ◽  
Activity Questionnaire

OBJETIVO: Averiguar a associação da insatisfação corporal (IC), do grau de comprometimento psicológico ao exercício (GCPE), do nível habitual de atividade física (NAF), do índice de massa corpórea (IMC), do percentual de gordura (%G) e da etnia com o comportamento alimentar inadequado (CAI) de adolescentes. MÉTODOS: Investigação transversal, da qual participaram 362 jovens de ambos os sexos, com idades entre dez e 19 anos, selecionados por amostragem estratificada. O Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26) foi utilizado para avaliar o CAI. Ademais, utilizou-se o Body Shape Questionnaire, a Commitment Exercise Scale e o International Physical Activity Questionnaire para avaliar IC, GCPE e NAF, respectivamente. Conduziu-se análise multivariada e regressão múltipla para se analisarem os dados. RESULTADOS: Os resultados evidenciaram que a IC, o GCPE, o IMC e o %G associaram-se significativamente (p<0,05) com os escores das subescalas do EAT-26, tanto no sexo feminino, quanto no masculino. Os valores indicativos dessas associações foram diferentes entre os sexos. CONCLUSÕES: a insatisfação corporal e o IMC parecem ser os fatores mais fortemente associados aos distintos construtos do comportamento alimentar em ambos os sexos.

Effective Body Shape for Reducing Yawing Moment in Cross Wind

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akitoshi Matsui ◽  
Koichi Hishida
Keyword(s):  
Wind Tunnel ◽  
Flow Structure ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Body Shape ◽  
Numerical Data ◽  
Side Surface ◽  
Load Cell ◽  
Side Force ◽  
Driving Stability ◽  
Shape Changes

Reductions of the side force and the connected yawing moment are of significance for driving stability under cross wind. This paper shows the suitable body shape under unsteady cross wind for reducing side force and yawing moment. Numerically, the shape changes such as rounded and/or cut off corners and patterned indented side surface under steady cross wind are evaluated, using k-ε model. The adequate shapes from the numerical data are experimentally validated under steady and unsteady cross wind in a wind tunnel. Flow structure and, side force and yawing moment are examined by High-speed PIV and a three-component load cell, respectively.

scholarly journals Mitochondrial toxicity and body shape changes during nucleos(t)ide analogues administration in patients with chronic hepatitis B

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Giordano Madeddu ◽  
Vito Fiore ◽  
Michela Melis ◽  
Silvia Ortu ◽  
Franca Mannu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis B ◽  
Body Shape ◽  
Mitochondrial Toxicity ◽  
Shape Changes

Body Shape Changes of Adult Males by Age

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 405-418
Author(s):  
Su Joung Cha
Keyword(s):  
Body Shape ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Shape Changes

scholarly journals Somatotype, diet and nutritional status of women

2017 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 393-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata E. Drywień ◽  
Joanna Frąckiewicz ◽  
Magdalena Górnicka ◽  
Beata Ważna ◽  
Paulina Zielińska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Body Shape ◽  
The Body ◽  
Place Of Residence ◽  
Hip Circumference ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Shape And Size

AbstractThe relationship between energy value and nutrients intake and the body shape and size parameters (weight, height, waist and hip circumferences) has become an interesting research area for nutritionists and dieticians. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the body shape and size parameters (weight, height, waist and hip circumferences), somatotype (according to the Rohrer (RI) index) and energy value and nutrients intake of women. The study was conducted in 2014 and 2016 on 148 female volunteers aged 57-88 from the Mazovian and Lublin province (Poland). Sample selection was targeted at elderly people with different body types. The exclusion criteria were: multi-organ failure, cancer and disability. Then among the subjects, a survey was conducted, that included demographic data, lifestyle, health status and vitamins and minerals supplements use. Food intake has been assessed using a 3-day dietary food records. The somatotype was determined using the RI with the Curtis key, classifying the subjects as ectomorphic (n=30), mesomorphic (n=31) and endomorphic (n=87). The somatotype was significantly related to place of residence, physical activity, waist and hip circumference, WHR and BMI index, total protein intake, animal protein intake, vitamin E intake (p≤0.05) and to fat, phosphorus and thiamine intake (p≤0.1). The obtained results showed that the place of residence, physical activity, chronic diseases, the use of specialized diet, body weight fluctuations, BMI and WHR were different depending on the somatotype in the examined group of women. Endomorphic subjects had significantly greater waist and hip circumference and diastolic blood pressure compared to the other somatotypes. The somatotype had only a significant effect on total protein, animal protein and vitamin E intake, and ectomorphic elderly women may be particularly susceptible to nutrient deficiencies. Due to the risk of macronutrient, vitamin and mineral deficiencies in the diets of the examined women, it seems necessary to educate this group as well as caregivers and doctors in the area of nutrition adapted to the needs of the elderly.

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