Measurement of Head-to-Trunk Orientation Using Handheld 3D Optical Apparatus

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Urban Pavlovcic ◽  
Janez Diaci ◽  
Janez Mozina ◽  
Matija Jezersek
Keyword(s):  
Trunk Orientation

Effects of shoulder translation on lumbar moment for two dimensional modeling strategies during lifting

1998 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 173-187
Author(s):  
Wayne J. Albert ◽  
Joan M. Stevenson ◽  
Geneviève A. Dumas ◽  
Roger W. Wheeler
Keyword(s):  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Vertical Direction ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Model Type ◽  
Trunk Acceleration ◽  
Analysis System ◽  
Trunk Orientation ◽  
Shoulder Position ◽  
Dynamic Link

The objectives of this study were to: 1) develop a dynamic 2D link segment model for lifting using the constraints of four sensors from an electromagnetic motion analysis system; 2) evaluate the magnitude of shoulder movement in the sagittal plane during lifting; and 3) investigate the effect of shoulder translation on trunk acceleration and lumbar moments calculated by the developed model and comparing it with two separate 2D dynamic link segment models. Six women and six men lifted loads of 2 kg, 7 kg, 12 kg and 2 kg, 12 kg, 22 kg respectively, under stoop, squat and freestyle conditions. Trunk orientation and position, as well as shoulder position were monitored during all lifts using the Polhemus FASTRAK\trdmk. Results indicated that average range of motion was 0.05 ± 0.02 m in the horizontal direction and 0.03 ± 0.02 m in the vertical direction. Shoulder position relative to T1 was located 0.07 ± 0.02 m anteriorly, and 0.02 ± 0.04 m superiorly (0.06 and 0.00 m for males and 0.08 and 0.04 m for females, respectively). To estimate the effect of shoulder motion on trunk acceleration and L5/S1 moments, three two-dimensional dynamic link segment models were developed within the constraints of the electromagnetic tracking system and compared. Trunk segment endpoints were defined as L5/S1 and either T1 or shoulder depending on model type. For trunk accelerations, average differences between models were greater than 40 deg/s² in 70.4% trunk accelerations did not translate into significantly different moment calculations between models. Average peak dynamic L5/S1 moment differences between models were smaller than 4 Nm for all lifting conditions which failed to be statistically significant (p>0.05). The model type did not have a statistically significant effect on peak L5/S1 moments. Therefore, despite important shoulder joint translations, peak L5/S1 moments were not significantly affected.

Is the erect posture in microgravity based on the control of trunk orientation or center of mass position?

1997 ◽  
Vol 114 (2) ◽  
pp. 384-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Massion ◽  
K. Popov ◽  
J.-C. Fabre ◽  
P. Rage ◽  
V. Gurfinkel
Keyword(s):  
Center Of Mass ◽  
Erect Posture ◽  
Trunk Orientation ◽  
Mass Position

Measuring trunk orientation with a CMOS camera: Feasibility and accuracy

2007 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 603-606 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.-S. Gissot ◽  
G. Barbieri ◽  
M. Iacobelis ◽  
M. Paindavoine ◽  
D. Pérennou
Keyword(s):  
Cmos Camera ◽  
Trunk Orientation

scholarly journals Intrinsic and Extrinsic Contributions to Seated Balance in the Sagittal and Coronal Planes: Implications for Trunk Control After Spinal Cord Injury

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 221-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Musa L. Audu ◽  
Ronald J. Triolo
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Active System ◽  
Trunk Control ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Seated Balance ◽  
The Time Domain ◽  
Trunk Orientation ◽  
Spinal Cord Injured

The contributions of intrinsic (passive) and extrinsic (active) properties of the human trunk, in terms of the simultaneous actions about the hip and spinal joints, to the control of sagittal and coronal seated balance were examined. Able-bodied (ABD) and spinal-cord-injured (SCI) volunteers sat on a moving platform which underwent small amplitude perturbations in the anterior-posterior (AP) and medial-lateral (ML) directions while changes to trunk orientation were measured. A linear parametric model that related platform movement to trunk angle was fit to the experimental data by identifying model parameters in the time domain. The results showed that spinal cord injury leads to a systematic reduction in the extrinsic characteristics, while most of the intrinsic characteristics were rarely affected. In both SCI and ABD individuals, passive characteristics alone were not enough to maintain seated balance. Passive stiffness in the ML direction was almost 3 times that in the AP direction, making more extrinsic mechanisms necessary for balance in the latter direction. Proportional and derivative terms of the extrinsic model made the largest contribution to the overall output from the active system, implying that a simple proportional plus derivative (PD) controller structure will suffice for restoring seated balance after spinal cord injury.

scholarly journals Effects of Anthropometric Variables and Seat Height on Automobile Drivers’ Preferred Posture With the Presence of the Clutch

2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 172-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junfeng Peng ◽  
Xuguang Wang ◽  
Lisa Denninger
Keyword(s):  
Interior Design ◽  
Large Range ◽  
Kinematic Model ◽  
Vehicle Interior ◽  
Seat Height ◽  
Sitting Height ◽  
Test Conditions ◽  
Driving Posture ◽  
Trunk Orientation

Objective The effects of seat height and anthropometric dimensions on drivers’ preferred postures were investigated using a multiadjustable vehicle mock-up with a large number of adjustments and extended ranges. Background Many studies have been conducted on preferred driving posture under different test conditions showing mixed and even contradictory findings. No studies thus far have considered the clutch and compared Chinese and European drivers. Method Four seat height conditions were tested: free and three imposed heights (250, 300, and 350 mm). Sixty-one subjects (40 French-born and 21 Chinese-born) participated in the experiment, covering a large range of stature and sitting height–to–stature ratio. The RAMSIS kinematic model was used to reconstruct postures, and main intersegmental angles were extracted for characterizing posture. Results Under the free seat height condition, no significant differences in preferred intersegmental angles were observed between different participant groups. Seat height mainly affected trunk–thigh angle, whereas it had almost no effect on trunk orientation and other intersegmental angles. Chinese participants sat more forward in the seat, leading to a more opened trunk–thigh angle and a more reclined trunk. Conclusions Results suggest that intersegmental angles of preferred posture are not dependent on anthropometric dimensions, although shorter drivers prefer a slightly less reclined trunk. Self-selected driving posture results from a compromise between maintaining the intersegmental angles in one’s preferred range and a preferred trunk orientation in space. Applications The findings contribute to a better understanding of preferred driving postures and would be helpful for improving vehicle interior design.

scholarly journals Diversity of scoring, ingenuity of striking, art of flying — conceptual and systematical identification of soccer scoring techniques

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-92
Author(s):  
Xiang Zhang ◽  
Gongbing Shan ◽  
Feng Liu ◽  
Shenglai Yang ◽  
Mingliang Meng
Keyword(s):  
Movement Control ◽  
Current Paper ◽  
Vertical Position ◽  
Know How ◽  
Coaching Methods ◽  
Biomechanical Parameters ◽  
Trunk Orientation ◽  
Anatomical Parameters ◽  
Terminology System

The terms of soccer scoring techniques (SSTs) used in practice and research have been remaining confusing; even dramatic, we still do not know how many SSTs available for the game. This scenario hinders not only the scientific studies on some unique SSTs but also the development of novel coaching methods for learning these SSTs. The current paper aims to bridge the gap by establishing a SST terminology system. The system is built based on goal repeatability, selected anatomical & biomechanical parameters, and analyses of 579 attractive goals from international professional tournaments. The results have revealed that there are 43 SSTs existed in current soccer practice. Some SSTs can be identified by preliminary parameters (i.e. anatomical parameters, the ball vertical position at the shot and the hit-point on the ball), but most of them need additional biomechanical examination on the movement control in frontal & transverse planes, jumping control, and trunk orientation at shots in order to identify uniquely. Further, the new SST terminology has disclosed that soccer attractiveness is linked to the diversity, ingenuity and artistry of shots. The most attractive type of scoring awaited by millions of spectators is aerial shots. Lastly, the most important contribution of the new SST terminology system is to help researchers and practitioners launch target-orientated studies that would provide a practical and convincing scientific coach-method, clear definitions, and means to reevaluate and improve SSTs in practice.

scholarly journals Trunk Orientation Induces Neglect-Like Lateral Biases in Covert Attention

2002 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 553-556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jefferson D. Grubb ◽  
Catherine L. Reed
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Attention ◽  
Response Times ◽  
Covert Attention ◽  
Trunk Rotation ◽  
Attention Task ◽  
Unilateral Neglect ◽  
New Locations ◽  
The Right ◽  
Trunk Orientation ◽  
Neurologically Intact

The purpose of this study was to resolve a paradox in the literature on the effects of body orientation on spatial attention. Neuropsychological studies have found that real or simulated trunk rotation relieves contralesional inattention in patients with unilateral neglect, suggesting that trunk orientation affects how attention is allocated to space. However, in two previous studies, trunk orientation did not affect spatial attention in other populations. In this study, we investigated the effects of trunk orientation on the performance of a covert attention task by neurologically intact adults. The covert attention task allowed the evaluation of the effects of trunk orientation on both the allocation of attention to space and the ability to shift that attention to new locations. As in previous research, trunk orientation did not affect participants' response times (RTs) to validly cued targets. However, rotating participants' trunks to the left increased their RTs to invalidly cued targets on the right and decreased their RTs to invalidly cued targets on the left. These results indicate that trunk orientation induces directional biases in the ability to shift attention. Thus, for intact participants, trunk rotation created lateral biases in the covert attention task similar to those seen in neglect patients.

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