Development and Initial Validation of an Inconsistent Responding Scale for the Youth Psychopathic Traits Inventory

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brittany N. Penson ◽  
Jared R. Ruchensky ◽  
John F. Edens ◽  
M. Brent Donnellan ◽  
Michael G. Vaughn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vocational Training ◽  
The United States ◽  
Psychopathic Traits ◽  
Item Pair ◽  
Training School ◽  
Absolute Value ◽  
Random Responding ◽  
Initial Validation ◽  
Youth Psychopathic Traits Inventory ◽  
Inconsistent Responding

The Youth Psychopathic Traits Inventory (YPI) is widely used in research, but there currently exist no means to identify potentially invalid protocols resulting from careless or random responding. We describe the development of an inconsistent responding scale for the YPI using three archival samples of youths, including two from the United States (juvenile justice and middle school) and one from Germany (vocational training school). We first identified pairs of correlated YPI items and then created a total score based on the sum of the absolute value of the differences for each item pair. The resulting scale strongly differentiated between genuine protocols and randomly generated YPI data (n = 1,000) across samples (AUC values = .88−.92). It also differentiated between genuine protocols and those same protocols after 50% of the original YPI items were replaced with random data (AUCs = .77−.84). Scores on this scale also demonstrated fairly consistent patterns of association with theoretically relevant correlates.

Youth Psychopathic Traits Inventory--Inconsistent Responding Scale

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brittany N. Penson ◽  
Jared R. Ruchensky ◽  
John F. Edens ◽  
Brent Donnellan ◽  
Michael G. Vaughn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychopathic Traits ◽  
Youth Psychopathic Traits Inventory ◽  
Inconsistent Responding

Validity of the Youth Psychopathic Traits Inventory–Short Version in Justice-Involved and At-Risk Adolescents

Assessment ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 479-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher T. A. Gillen ◽  
Emily A. M. MacDougall ◽  
Adelle E. Forth ◽  
Christopher T. Barry ◽  
Randall T. Salekin
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
The United States ◽  
Psychopathic Traits ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Short Version ◽  
Youth Psychopathic Traits Inventory ◽  
Interviewer Ratings ◽  
At Risk Adolescents

The current study examined the reliability and validity of the Youth Psychopathic Traits Inventory–Short Version (YPI-S) in two different samples of at-risk adolescents enrolled in a residential program ( n = 160) and at a detention facility ( n = 60) in the United States. YPI-S scores displayed adequate internal consistency and were moderately associated with concurrent scales on other self-report psychopathy measures and externalizing behaviors. YPI-S scores were moderately related to interviewer-ratings of the construct using the four-factor model of the Psychopathy Checklist: Youth Version. Findings suggest that the YPI-S may be a clinically useful and valid tool for the assessment of psychopathic traits in juvenile settings. This may be particularly true given the differential predictive utility of each of its dimensions.

A Comparison of the Youth Psychopathic Traits Inventory (YPI)-Triarchic Scales and the YPI in a Sample of Justice-Involved Youth

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 308-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jared R. Ruchensky ◽  
John F. Edens ◽  
M. Brent Donnellan ◽  
Samuel W. Hawes ◽  
Edward P. Mulvey
Keyword(s):  
Psychopathic Traits ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Male Adolescent ◽  
Adolescent Offenders ◽  
Initial Validation ◽  
Youth Psychopathic Traits Inventory ◽  
Triarchic Model

The Triarchic model (Patrick, Fowles, & Krueger, 2009) posits that psychopathy consists of three elements: Boldness, Meanness, and Disinhibition. Drislane et al. (2015) recently derived scales from the Youth Psychopathic Traits Inventory (YPI; Andershed, Kerr, Stattin, & Levander, 2002) to assess these traits. The initial validation efforts appeared promising, but researchers have yet to evaluate these scales among justice-involved youth. The current study examines the validity of the YPI-Triarchic scales in an archival sample of 928 male adolescent offenders and tests whether the new scales provide information incremental to the original YPI. The YPI-Triarchic scales were strongly correlated with original YPI scales (rs = .56–.96), and some associations were contrary to predictions and previous findings about the Triarchic model (e.g., YPI-Boldness was not inversely related to symptomatology). Thus, caution is warranted when attempting to study the Triarchic model with the YPI-Triarchic scales.

scholarly journals Detecting Inconsistent Responding on the Youth Psychopathic Traits Inventory–Short Form

Assessment ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 465-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon E. Kelley ◽  
John F. Edens ◽  
M. Brent Donnellan ◽  
Antonella Somma ◽  
Andrea Fossati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Offenders ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Psychopathic Traits ◽  
Response Styles ◽  
Random Response ◽  
Adolescent Students ◽  
Cutoff Scores ◽  
Participant Characteristics ◽  
Youth Psychopathic Traits Inventory ◽  
Inconsistent Responding

The Youth Psychopathic Traits Inventory–Short Form (YPI-S) is a convenient measure for assessing psychopathy in settings with constraints on resources. However, the YPI-S does not contain a means of detecting careless or random response styles. The present study describes the development and evaluation of an inconsistent responding scale for the YPI-S using five archival samples that vary in language (English, German, Italian, Dutch) and other participant characteristics (juvenile offenders, adolescent students). Inconsistency scores resulting from the new scale effectively distinguished genuine participant responses from randomly generated cases (area under the ROC curve [AUC] = .85-.90) and from cases in which 50% of original responses were replaced with random data (AUC = .75-.82). The associations between the YPI-S and theoretically relevant correlates were reduced among participants exceeding proposed cutoff scores for profile validity compared with associations among more consistent respondents.

Relation of Statistically Significant, Abnormal, and Typical WAIS-R VIQ-PIQ Discrepancies to Full Scale IQs

2000 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louis M. Hsu ◽  
Judy Hayman ◽  
Judith Koch ◽  
Debbie Mandell
Keyword(s):  
Graphical Method ◽  
The United States ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
True Score ◽  
Absolute Value ◽  
Normative Population ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Quadratic Models

Summary: In the United States' normative population for the WAIS-R, differences (Ds) between persons' verbal and performance IQs (VIQs and PIQs) tend to increase with an increase in full scale IQs (FSIQs). This suggests that norm-referenced interpretations of Ds should take FSIQs into account. Two new graphs are presented to facilitate this type of interpretation. One of these graphs estimates the mean of absolute values of D (called typical D) at each FSIQ level of the US normative population. The other graph estimates the absolute value of D that is exceeded only 5% of the time (called abnormal D) at each FSIQ level of this population. A graph for the identification of conventional “statistically significant Ds” (also called “reliable Ds”) is also presented. A reliable D is defined in the context of classical true score theory as an absolute D that is unlikely (p < .05) to be exceeded by a person whose true VIQ and PIQ are equal. As conventionally defined reliable Ds do not depend on the FSIQ. The graphs of typical and abnormal Ds are based on quadratic models of the relation of sizes of Ds to FSIQs. These models are generalizations of models described in Hsu (1996) . The new graphical method of identifying Abnormal Ds is compared to the conventional Payne-Jones method of identifying these Ds. Implications of the three juxtaposed graphs for the interpretation of VIQ-PIQ differences are discussed.

Youth Psychopathic Traits Inventory--Child Version

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoast van Baardewijk ◽  
Hedy Stegge ◽  
Henrik Andershed ◽  
Sander Thomaes ◽  
Evert Scholte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychopathic Traits ◽  
Youth Psychopathic Traits Inventory

Use of the MMPI–2's VRIN Scale with Severely Disturbed Populations: Consistent Responding May Be More Problematic than Inconsistent Responding

2000 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl Stukenberg ◽  
Charles Brady ◽  
Nadya Klinetob
Keyword(s):  
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Personality Inventory ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Random Responding ◽  
Validity Scale ◽  
Acute Distress ◽  
Psychiatric Population ◽  
Inconsistent Responding ◽  
Report Measure

The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory–Second Edition includes a new validity scale, the VRIN scale, intended to detect random responding. High scores are viewed as casting suspicion on the validity of the profile. For the present study, the authors evaluated some of the complexities of the VRIN scale including its interaction with the F scale. In particular, we tested two hypotheses. First is that among psychotically disturbed test takers, some inconsistent responding is an integral and expected mode of responding to a self-report measure. That is, in an inpatient psychiatric population increased confused responding (high VRIN score) is related in predictable ways to increased endorsement of pychotic scales and two-point codes and to increased psychotic diagnoses. The second hypothesis is a corollary—that the absence of inconsistency (low VRIN) in a protocol indicating acute distress (high F) may indicate that a respondent is being too consistent in presenting self as having severe difficulties. In this case, the rest of the protocol may be an exaggerated description of the clinical presentation. A sample of 521 psychiatric inpatients was used to evaluate these hypotheses. Some support for both hypotheses is reported. Further studies are recommended to evaluate the hypotheses.

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