Expressivism, Psychic Health, and the First-Person Stance

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Leite
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
First Person ◽  
Important Phenomenon ◽  
Subjective Perspective ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Functional Capacities ◽  
Philosophical Questions

This article addresses the psychotherapeutically important phenomenon of relating first-personally to one's own emotion, belief, desire, or other attitude. The fundamental theoretical challenge is to understand how one can relate to one's attitudes as one's attitudes without occupying a position that is alienated from them. Philosophical questions in this area are significantly illuminated by considering certain clinically manifested vicissitudes and pathologies of the first-person. The article interprets the first-person relation in terms of a complex set of functional capacities: the capacity to occupy the subjective perspective of the attitude as conscious subject; the capacity to both self-ascribe the attitude and articulate its content, in ways that are expressive manifestations of the attitude; and various capacities involved in relating to one's state as an attitude. The resultant conception of the first-person stance accommodates a range of clinically significant phenomena and suggests a multidimensional specification of one key aspect of psychological health.

scholarly journals Venous Thrombotic Risk in Transgender Women Undergoing Estrogen Therapy: A Systematic Review and Metaanalysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenna Khan ◽  
Robert L Schmidt ◽  
Matthew J Spittal ◽  
Zil Goldstein ◽  
Kristi J Smock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Estrogen Therapy ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Transgender Women ◽  
High Quality Research ◽  
Thrombotic Risk ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Ottawa Scale

Abstract BACKGROUND Transgender women are female individuals who were recorded men at birth based on natal sex. Supporting a person's gender identity improves their psychological health, and gender-affirming hormones reduce gender dysphoria and benefit mental health. For transgender women, estrogen administration has clinically significant benefits. Previous reviews have reported conflicting literature on the thrombotic risk of estrogen therapy in transgender women and have highlighted the need for more high-quality research. CONTENT To help address the gap in understanding thrombotic risk in transgender women receiving estrogen therapy, we performed a systematic literature review and metaanalysis. Two evaluators independently assessed quality using the Ottawa Scale for Cohort Studies. The Poisson normal model was used to estimate the study-specific incidence rates and the pooled incidence rate. Heterogeneity was measured using Higgins I2 statistic. The overall estimate of the incidence rate was 2.3 per 1000 person-years (95% CI, 0.8–6.9). The heterogeneity was significant (I2 = 74%; P = 0.0039). SUMMARY Our study estimated the incidence rate of venous thromboembolism in transgender women prescribed estrogen to be 2.3 per 1000 person-years, but because of heterogeneity this estimate cannot be reliably applied to transgender women as a group. There are insufficient data in the literature to partition by subgroup for subgroup prohibiting the analysis to control for tobacco use, age, and obesity, which is a major limitation. Additional studies of current estrogen formulations, modes of administration, and combination therapies, as well as studies in the aging transgender population, are needed to confirm thrombotic risk and clarify optimal therapy regimens.

scholarly journals Personality Traits, Psychological Health, and the Workers' Compensation System

2008 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cindy L. Wall ◽  
Shirley A. Morrissey ◽  
James R.P. Ogloff
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Compensation System ◽  
Workers Compensation ◽  
Emotional Instability ◽  
Current Compensation ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Compensation Systems ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Different Levels

AbstractThis study explored the influence of personality traits on injured workers' interaction with workers' compensation systems. Data were collected from 89 participant claimants (males, 41; females 48, mean age = 45 years,SD= 10.67 years) at various levels of involvement with the workers' compensation system: previous claimants (n= 39), current claimants (n= 28), and nonclaimant workers (n= 22). Significant differences in personality traits were found between these groups of compensation claimants. Current compensation claimants displayed greater emotional instability and introversion compared with those less acutely involved in the compensation system. Current claimants also experienced clinically significant levels of symptoms of depression, anxiety, somatic complaints, and reported reduced social functioning, relative to previous and nonclaimants, respectively. Overall, subtle differences were found to exist in personality and psychological health between groups of workers at different levels of involvement with the workers' compensation system.

scholarly journals Researching Non-Conscious Dimensions of Architectural Experience

Dimensions ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-158
Author(s):  
Marcus Weisen
Keyword(s):  
Lived Experiences ◽  
Ways Of Knowing ◽  
First Person ◽  
Embodied Mind ◽  
Person Description ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Subjective Perspective ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Architectural Research ◽  
Phenomenological Interview

Editorial Summary Entitled »Researching Non-Conscious Dimensions of Architectural Experience«, Marcus Weisen’s contribution explores the investigation of pre-reflexive ways of knowing, sensory thought, and the embodied mind. He introduces the micro-phenomenological interview as a successful methodology to exploit immanent, non-conscious aspects of architectural experience. He emphasizes the relevance of investigating the individual, subjective perspective in architectural research, proposing the first-person description of experience as a starting point from which to derive insights into overarching, essential principles of lived experiences of, and encounters with, architectural spaces. Tracing the elusive, embodied dimensions of architectural experience, he aims for an »embodied rationalism« in architectural research. [Uta Graff]

scholarly journals The Impact of Pain on the Quality of Life of People with Multiple Sclerosis:

2009 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 127-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clint Douglas ◽  
Judy A. Wollin ◽  
Carol Windsor
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Clinical Covariates ◽  
Pain Prevalence ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of pain on functioning across multiple quality of life (QOL) domains among individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS). A total of 219 people were recruited from a regional MS society membership database to serve as the community-based study sample. All participants completed a questionnaire containing items about their demographic and clinical characteristics, validated measures of QOL and MS-related disability, and a question on whether or not they had experienced clinically significant pain in the preceding 2 weeks. Respondents who reported pain then completed an in-person structured pain interview assessing pain characteristics (intensity, quality, location, extent, and duration). Comparisons between participants with and without MS-related pain demonstrated that pain prevalence and intensity were strongly correlated with QOL: physical health, psychological health, level of independence, and global QOL were more likely to be impaired among people with MS when pain was present, and the extent of impairment was associated with the intensity of pain. Moreover, these relationships remained significant even after statistically controlling for multiple demographic and clinical covariates associated with self-reported QOL. These findings suggest that for people with MS, pain is an important source of distress and disability beyond that caused by neurologic impairments.

scholarly journals Predicting anxiety and depression among family carers of people with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 1191-1199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Jácome ◽  
Daniela Figueiredo ◽  
Raquel Gabriel ◽  
Joana Cruz ◽  
Alda Marques
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Family Carers ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Perceived Burden ◽  
Clinically Significant

ABSTRACTBackground:Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) can be highly incapacitating, imposing a significant burden on family members, however, limited research has been conducted on psychological health of family carers. Thus, this study examined anxiety and depression symptoms in family carers of people with COPD and their predictors.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted with family carers and respective patients with COPD. The caregiving situation and the perceived burden, through the Carers’ Assessment of Difficulties Index, were collected from family carers. Patients’ COPD severity and activities limitation were assessed. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was used to assess anxiety and depression symptoms in family carers and patients. Scores ≥8 were considered clinically significant.Results:A total of 203 family carers (58.2 ± 14.8 years old; 75.4% female) and respective patients with COPD (69.2 ± 11.5 years old; 36.5% female) were included. Clinically significant anxiety symptoms (HADS-anxiety ≥8) were present in 63.5% (n = 129) of family carers, depression symptoms (HADS-depression ≥8) were in 34% (n = 69) and both were in 27.1% (n = 55). Perceived burden [odds ratio (OR) 1.04, 95% confidence intervals (CI) = 1.01–1.06; 1.05, 95% CI = 1.03–1.07] and patients’ activities limitation (OR 1.32, 95% CI = 1.01–1.79; 1.41, 95% CI = 1.01–1.96) were significant predictors of anxiety and depression symptoms. Anxiety symptoms were also predicted by female gender (OR 0.33, 95% CI = 0.16–0.66) and depression symptoms by older age (OR 1.03, 95% CI = 1.01–1.06).Conclusion:Family carers of patients with COPD experience anxiety and depression symptoms. Perceived burden, female gender, older age, and patient's activities limitation were predictors of these distressing symptoms. These findings highlight the need to address family carers’ needs, namely by investigating the effectiveness of supportive interventions on family's psychological health.

scholarly journals The Moderating Effect of Attentional Control on the Relationship Between COVID Stress and Generalized Anxiety Symptoms

2021 ◽  
pp. 003329412110252
Author(s):  
Joseph R. Bardeen ◽  
Julia Y. Gorday ◽  
Kate Clauss
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
Attentional Control ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Generalized Anxiety ◽  
Global Catastrophe ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Related Stress ◽  
The Relationship

The recent global pandemic (i.e., COVID-19) has had a serious impact on psychological health, as the stress associated with the pandemic increases the likelihood of developing clinically significant anxiety. Evidence suggests that attentional control may protect those individuals with outcome-specific vulnerabilities from developing maladaptive psychological outcomes. In the present study, attentional control was examined as a moderator of the relation between COVID-19 stress and generalized anxiety symptoms in a community sample ( N = 359 adults). As predicted, the relationship between COVID-19 stress and anxiety was moderated by attentional control. Specifically, as attentional control decreased, the strength of the association between COVID-19 stress and anxiety increased. The results suggest that, among those with higher levels of COVID-19 stress, attentional control may act as a protective factor against developing anxiety. It may be beneficial as a matter of standard public health guidance to recommend that the general public engages in activities that are known to improve attentional control and alleviate emotional distress (e.g., mindfulness-based techniques) at the outset of a pandemic or other global catastrophe to reduce the likelihood that prolonged event-related stress will lead to impairing anxiety.

EM of human atherosclerosis: Aortic fatty streaks with transitional lesion features

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 622-623
Author(s):  
K. Florian Klemp ◽  
J.R. Guyton
Keyword(s):  
Foam Cell ◽  
Cell Formation ◽  
Processing Technique ◽  
Foam Cell Formation ◽  
Tissue Preparation ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Extracellular Lipid ◽  
Electron Microscopic Cytochemistry ◽  
Human Atherosclerosis ◽  
Clinically Significant

The earliest distinctive lesions in human atherosclerosis are fatty streaks (FS), characterized initially by lipid-laden foam cell formation. Fibrous plaques (FP), the clinically significant lesions, differ from FS in several respects. In addition to foam cells, the FP also exhibit fibromuscular proliferation and a necrotic core region rich in extracellular lipid. The possible transition of FS into mature FP has long been debated, however. A subset of FS described by Katz etal., was intermediate in lipid composition between ordinary FS and FP. We investigated this hypothesis by electron microscopic cytochemistry by employing a tissue processing technique previously described by our laboratory. Osmium-tannic acid-paraphenylenediamine (OTAP) tissue preparation enabled ultrastructural analysis of lipid deposits to discern features characteristic of mature fibrous plaques.

Supervision: A Case Study

1977 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 256-263
Author(s):  
Roberta Chapey ◽  
Geraldine Chapey
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Communication ◽  
Behavioral Changes ◽  
Personal Problems ◽  
Clinically Significant

Occasionally, it is the responsibility of a supervisor to help a staff speech clinician resolve professional and or personal problems that interfere with the delivery of quality services. To deal with this situation, the supervisor must be equipped with the techniques and procedures for effective organizational communication. This article presents a case study in which a speech clinician demonstrated irresponsibility in various job areas. The supervisor’s philosophy and the procedures used in managing these problems are presented. The behavioral changes suggest that the supervisor’s interventive procedures were clinically significant and warrant further investigation.

Hearing Aid Gain Usage by Children

1989 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth W. Berger
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Aid ◽  
Appreciable Difference ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Clinically Significant

Hearing aid gain usage by two groups of children was examined. No appreciable difference was noted between the groups, nor was there a clinically significant difference between gain usage by these children as compared with a sample of adult hearing aid wearers.

First Person on the Last Page: Choosing How to Walk the Path

ASHA Leader ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-72
Author(s):  
Kelli Jeffries Owens
Keyword(s):  
First Person
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