A Unique Formulation of Glyphosate in the Acid Form

2009 ◽  
pp. 31-31-8
Author(s):  
Gregory Volgas ◽  
Robert E. Mack ◽  
Johnnie Roberts ◽  
Mark Wayland ◽  
Bobby Alford
Keyword(s):  
Acid Form

scholarly journals Some metabolites of 1-bromobutane in the rabbit and the rat

1968 ◽  
Vol 109 (5) ◽  
pp. 727-736 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sybil P. James ◽  
D. A. Jeffery ◽  
Rosemary H. Waring ◽  
P. B. Wood
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Ethyl Ester ◽  
Rat Liver ◽  
Hydroxy Acid ◽  
Rabbit Liver ◽  
Mercapturic Acid ◽  
Acid Form ◽  
Rat Urine ◽  
Glycine Ethyl Ester

1. Rabbits and rats dosed with 1-bromobutane excrete in urine, in addition to butylmercapturic acid, (2-hydroxybutyl)mercapturic acid, (3-hydroxybutyl)mercapturic acid and 3-(butylthio)lactic acid. 2. Although both species excrete both the hydroxybutylmercapturic acids, only traces of the 2-isomer are excreted by the rabbit. The 3-isomer has been isolated from rabbit urine as the dicyclohexylammonium salt. 3. 3-(Butylthio)lactic acid is formed more readily in the rabbit; only traces are excreted by the rat. 4. Traces of the sulphoxide of butylmercapturic acid have been found in rat urine but not in rabbit urine. 5. In the rabbit about 14% and in the rat about 22% of the dose of 1-bromobutane is excreted in the form of the hydroxymercapturic acids. 6. Slices of rat liver incubated with S-butylcysteine or butylmercapturic acid form both (2-hydroxybutyl)mercapturic acid and (3-hydroxybutyl)mercapturic acid, but only the 3-hydroxy acid is formed by slices of rabbit liver. 7. S-Butylglutathione, S-butylcysteinylglycine and S-butylcysteine are excreted in bile by rats dosed with 1-bromobutane. 8. Rabbits and rats dosed with 1,2-epoxybutane excrete (2-hydroxybutyl)mercapturic acid to the extent of about 4% and 11% of the dose respectively. 9. The following have been synthesized: N-acetyl-S-(2-hydroxybutyl)-l-cysteine [(2-hydroxybutyl)mercapturic acid] and N-acetyl-S-(3-hydroxybutyl)-l-cysteine [(3-hydroxybutyl)mercapturic acid] isolated as dicyclohexylammonium salts, N-toluene-p-sulphonyl-S-(2-hydroxybutyl)-l-cysteine, S-butylglutathione and N-acetyl-S-butylcysteinyl-glycine ethyl ester.

Self-Assembled Dipoles of o-Carborane on Gate Oxide Tuning Charge Carriers in Organic Field Effect Transistors

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Chu ◽  
Jie Zhang ◽  
Xingwei Zeng ◽  
Zefeng Chen ◽  
Danqing Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Effect ◽  
Field Effect Transistors ◽  
Gate Oxide ◽  
Charge Carriers ◽  
Acid Form ◽  
Organic Field Effect Transistors ◽  
Self Assembled Monolayer ◽  
Self Assembled

Molecules of 12-o-carboranyldodecylphosphonic acid form a novel self-assembled monolayer (SAM) on alumina, which can effectively tune charge carriers in organic field effect transistors (OFETs) with the assembled dipoles of o−carborane...

Influence of 3-{5-[4-(diethylamino)benzylidene]rhodanine}propionic acid on the conformation of 5-(4-chlorobenzylidene)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-3H-imidazol-4(5H)-one

2018 ◽  
Vol 74 (11) ◽  
pp. 1427-1433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Żesławska ◽  
Wojciech Nitek ◽  
Waldemar Tejchman ◽  
Jadwiga Handzlik
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structures ◽  
Crystal Packing ◽  
Protonated Form ◽  
Acid Form ◽  
Asymmetric Unit ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Basic Form ◽  
Piperazine Ring ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Intermolecular Contacts

The arylidene–imidazolone derivatives are a group of compounds of great interest in medicinal chemistry due to their various pharmacological actions. In order to study the possible conformations of an arylidene–imidazolone derivative, two new crystal structures were determined by X-ray diffraction, namely (Z)-5-(4-chlorobenzylidene)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-3H-imidazol-5(4H)-one, C15H17ClN4O, (6), and its salt 4-[5-(4-chlorobenzylidene)-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-3H-imidazol-2-yl]-1-methylpiperazin-1-ium 3-{5-[4-(diethylamino)benzylidene]-4-oxo-2-thioxothiazolidin-3-yl}propionate, C15H18ClN4O+·C17H19N2O3S2 −, (7). Both compounds crystallize in the space group P\overline{1}. The basic form (6) crystallizes with two molecules in the asymmetric unit. In the acid form of (6), the N atom of the piperazine ring is protonated by proton transfer from the carboxyl group of the rhodanine acid derivative. The greatest difference in the conformations of (6) and its protonated form, (6c), is observed in the location of the arylidene–imidazolone substituent at the N atom. In the case of (6c), the position of this substituent is close to axial, while for (6), the corresponding position is intermediate between equatorial and axial. The crystal packing is dominated by a network of N—H...O hydrogen bonds. Furthermore, the crystal structures are stabilized by numerous intermolecular contacts of types C—H...N and C—H...Cl in (6), and C—H...O and C—H...S in (7). The geometry with respect to the location of the substituents at the N atoms of the piperazine ring was compared with other crystal structures possessing an N-methylpiperazine moiety.

An ATP-sensitive conductance in cultured smooth muscle cells from pregnant rat myometrium

1989 ◽  
Vol 257 (2) ◽  
pp. C297-C305 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Honore ◽  
C. Martin ◽  
C. Mironneau ◽  
J. Mironneau
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cells ◽  
Voltage Clamp ◽  
Free Acid ◽  
Muscle Cells ◽  
Monovalent Cation ◽  
Acid Form ◽  
Pregnant Rat ◽  
Free Acid Form ◽  
Cultured Smooth Muscle Cells

The whole cell voltage-clamp technique was used to study the effects of extracellular ATP in cultured smooth muscle cells isolated from pregnant rat myometrium. An inward current was elicited by ATP (IATP) in cells held at -70 mV under voltage clamp. The amplitude of IATP was reduced by estrogen pretreatment and by the end of pregnancy. IATP not only did not undergo any desensitization but showed facilitation. The current-voltage relationship of IATP was linear and reversed close to 0 mV. Changing the sodium electrochemical gradient by decreasing extracellular or intracellular sodium resulted in a linear relationship between the reversal potential of IATP and Na equilibrium potential that, however, differed from the predicted curve for a purely sodium conductance. The conductance activated by ATP was monovalent cation selective with little discrimination between potassium, cesium, and sodium ions. IATP was depressed by divalent cations, and the rank order of potency was Co greater than Mg greater than Ca greater than Ba, suggesting that the free-acid form of ATP was the effective ligand. Adenosine, AMP, and ADP were ineffective in eliciting IATP, whereas ATP gamma S and alpha,beta-methylene ATP were capable of mimicking the effects of ATP, although they were less potent. These results are consistent with the free-acid form of ATP activating a monovalent cation-selective and estrogen-sensitive conductance in myometrium.

Formation of fine and encapsulated mefenamic acid form I particles for dissolution improvement via electrospray method

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 298-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurul Karimah Zolkepali ◽  
Noor Fitrah Abu bakar ◽  
M. Nazli Naim ◽  
Nornizar Anuar ◽  
Nurul Fadhilah Kamalul Aripin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mefenamic Acid ◽  
Acid Form

Acidic exopolysaccharide from Penicillium allahabadense

1984 ◽  
Vol 30 (9) ◽  
pp. 1157-1162 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Rupérez ◽  
B. Gomez-Miranda ◽  
J. A. Leal
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Medium ◽  
Infrared Spectra ◽  
Optical Rotation ◽  
Extracellular Polysaccharide ◽  
Acid Form ◽  
Equivalent Weight ◽  
Methylation Analysis ◽  
Polysaccharide Fraction ◽  
Main Component ◽  
Ethanol Fraction

Penicillium allahabadense grown statically in liquid medium formed an extracellular polysaccharide which was collected by precipitation with ethanol (fraction A). The mycelium mat retained a considerable amount of polysaccharide extractable with water, which did not precipitate with ethanol but precipitated with FeCl3 (fraction B). Both fractions were formed mainly by glucose and malonic acid. Their optical rotation values and infrared spectra indicated β configuration. From fraction A was obtained the polysaccharide in the acid form (fraction C), whose equivalent weight is 425, and the demalonylated polysaccharide (fraction D). The main linkage type among glucose residues in the demalonylated polysaccharide, determined after Smith degradation, was 1 → 6. The main component obtained by methylation analysis was 2,3,4-tri-O-methyl-glucitol.

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