Spray Retention Models for Arable Crops

2009 ◽  
pp. 50-50-10
Author(s):  
W. A. Forster ◽  
M. O. Kimberley ◽  
K. D. Steele ◽  
M. R. Haslett ◽  
J. A. Zabkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Arable Crops ◽  
Retention Models

Spray Retention Models for Arable Crops

2006 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 13528 ◽  
Author(s):  
WA Forster ◽  
MO Kimberley ◽  
KD Steele ◽  
MR Haslett ◽  
JA Zabkiewicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arable Crops ◽  
Retention Models

scholarly journals Fluid Cognitive Abilities Are Important for Learning and Retention of a New, Explicitly Learned Walking Pattern in Individuals After Stroke

2021 ◽  
pp. 154596832110010
Author(s):  
Margaret A. French ◽  
Matthew L. Cohen ◽  
Ryan T. Pohlig ◽  
Darcy S. Reisman
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Step Length ◽  
Cognitive Measures ◽  
Retention Models ◽  
Wechsler Memory Scale ◽  
Walking Pattern ◽  
Learning Principles ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Sequential Regression ◽  
Neurologically Intact

Background There is significant variability in poststroke locomotor learning that is poorly understood and affects individual responses to rehabilitation interventions. Cognitive abilities relate to upper extremity motor learning in neurologically intact adults, but have not been studied in poststroke locomotor learning. Objective To understand the relationship between locomotor learning and retention and cognition after stroke. Methods Participants with chronic (>6 months) stroke participated in 3 testing sessions. During the first session, participants walked on a treadmill and learned a new walking pattern through visual feedback about their step length. During the second session, participants walked on a treadmill and 24-hour retention was assessed. Physical and cognitive tests, including the Fugl-Meyer-Lower Extremity (FM-LE), Fluid Cognition Composite Score (FCCS) from the NIH Toolbox -Cognition Battery, and Spatial Addition from the Wechsler Memory Scale-IV, were completed in the third session. Two sequential regression models were completed: one with learning and one with retention as the dependent variables. Age, physical impairment (ie, FM-LE), and cognitive measures (ie, FCCS and Spatial Addition) were the independent variables. Results Forty-nine and 34 participants were included in the learning and retention models, respectively. After accounting for age and FM-LE, cognitive measures explained a significant portion of variability in learning ( R2 = 0.17, P = .008; overall model R2 = 0.31, P = .002) and retention (Δ R2 = 0.17, P = .023; overall model R2 = 0.44, P = .002). Conclusions Cognitive abilities appear to be an important factor for understanding locomotor learning and retention after stroke. This has significant implications for incorporating locomotor learning principles into the development of personalized rehabilitation interventions after stroke.

scholarly journals Integrated weed management practices and sustainable food production among farmers in Kwara State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 124-134
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Oyamedan Imoloame ◽  
Ibrahim Folorunsho Ayanda ◽  
Olayinka Jelili Yusuf
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Sustainable Food ◽  
Arable Crops ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Self Sufficiency

Abstract A survey was conducted in the Kwara State of Nigeria to study the integrated weed management (IWM) practices by farmers. This was in view of the poor weed management practices adopted by farmers, which is a major factor responsible for low yields of many arable crops in Kwara State. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to select a sample size of 480 respondents, and a structured interview schedule was used to elicit information from them. Data obtained were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Factor analysis was also carried out to examine the perception of farmers’ benefits of IWM. Results showed that the majority of farmers (29.4%) were youths, married (89.1%), and involved in medium-scale farming (47.2%). Furthermore, 50.8% of the farmers had primary or secondary education. Although farmers use different weed control methods, more than half of them (54.7%) use herbicides. Most farmers (92.6%) are engaged in the use of IWM, However, 73.5% of them use a combination of herbicides and hoe weeding. Although not properly practiced, farmers perceived IWM as having socio-environmental (29.229%) and techno-efficacious (23.495%) benefits over either hoe weeding or herbicides used alone. The findings suggest a need to train farmers on all aspects of IWM to achieve self-sufficiency in food production in Kwara State.

Soil Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn sorption and retention models using SVM: Variable selection and competitive model

2017 ◽  
Vol 593-594 ◽  
pp. 508-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.J. González Costa ◽  
M.J. Reigosa ◽  
J.M. Matías ◽  
E.F. Covelo
Keyword(s):  
Variable Selection ◽  
Retention Models ◽  
Competitive Model ◽  
Soil Cd

scholarly journals Development and Validation of Retention Models in Supercritical Fluid Chromatography for Impregnation Process Design

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (15) ◽  
pp. 7106
Author(s):  
Miaotian Sun ◽  
Zeynep Ülker ◽  
Zhixing Chen ◽  
Sivaraman Deeptanshu ◽  
Monika Johannsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Supercritical Fluid ◽  
Supercritical Fluid Chromatography ◽  
Stationary Phases ◽  
Retention Factor ◽  
Retention Mechanism ◽  
Retention Data ◽  
Retention Models ◽  
Retention Factors ◽  
Polar Solutes ◽  
Porous Matrices

The retention factor is the key quantity for the thermodynamic analysis of the retention mechanism in chromatographic experiments. In this work, we measure retention factors for moderately polar solutes on four silica-based porous matrices as stationary phases by supercritical fluid chromatography. Elution of the solutes is only possible with binary mixtures of supercritical carbon dioxide (sc-CO2) and modifier (methanol) due to the low polarity of pure sc-CO2. The addition of modifiers makes the retention mechanism more complex and masks interactions between solute and stationary phase. In this work, we develop and validate several retention models that allow the obtaining of retention factors in modifier-free sc-CO2. Such models pave the way for quantifying adsorption interactions between polar solutes and non-swellable porous matrices in pure sc-CO2 based on retention data obtained in sc-CO2/modifier mixtures. The obtained information will thereby facilitate the understanding and design of impregnation processes, which are often performed in modifier-free conditions.

Investigating Fast- and Slow-settling Phosphorus Fractions in Lakes using Steady-state Modeling

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamed Khorasani ◽  
Zhenduo Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Mass Balance ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Hydraulic Residence Time ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Retention Models ◽  
Mass Balance Models ◽  
Limiting Nutrient ◽  
Fast Settling ◽  
P Retention

<p>Phosphorus (P) is the key and limiting nutrient in the eutrophication of freshwater resources. Modeling P retention in lakes using steady-state mass balance models (i.e. Vollenweider-type models) provides insights into the lake P management and a simple method for large-scale assessments of P in lakes. One of the basic problems in the mass balance modeling of P in lakes is the removal of P from the lake water column by settling. A fraction of the incoming P into the lake from the watershed is associated with fast-settling particles (e.g. sediment particles) that result in the removal of that fraction of P quickly at the lake entrance. However, existing models considering a constant fraction of fast-settling TP for all lakes are shown to result in overestimation of the retention of P in lakes with short hydraulic residence time. In this study, we combine a hypothesis of the fast- and slow-settling P fractions into the steady-state mass balance models of P retention in lakes. We use a large database of lakes to calibrate the model and evaluate the hypothesis. The results of this work can be used for the improvement of the prediction power of P retention models in lakes and help to better understand the processes of P cycling in lakes.</p>

scholarly journals Soil macrofauna under integrated crop-livestock systems in a Brazilian Cerrado Ferralsol

2009 ◽  
Vol 44 (8) ◽  
pp. 1011-1020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robélio Leandro Marchão ◽  
Patrick Lavelle ◽  
Leonide Celini ◽  
Luiz Carlos Balbino ◽  
Lourival Vilela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Management Systems ◽  
Soil Biology ◽  
Soil Macrofauna ◽  
Arable Crops ◽  
Mixed Grass ◽  
Abundance And Diversity ◽  
Favorable Conditions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Livestock Systems ◽  
Diptera Larvae

The objective of this work was to assess the effects of integrated crop-livestock systems, associated with two tillage and two fertilization regimes, on the abundance and diversity of the soil macrofauna. Four different management systems were studied: continuous pasture (mixed grass); continuous crop; two crop-livestock rotations (crop/pasture and pasture/crop); and native Cerrado as a control. Macrofauna was sampled using a modified Tropical Soil Biology and Fertility method, and all individuals were counted and identified at the morphospecies level for each plot. A total of 194 morphospecies were found, distributed among 30 groups, and the most representative in decreasing order of density were: Isoptera, Coleoptera larvae, Formicidae, Oligochaeta, Coleoptera adult, Diplopoda, Hemiptera, Diptera larvae, Arachnida, Chilopoda, Lepidoptera, Gasteropoda, Blattodea and Orthoptera. Soil management systems and tillage regimes affected the structure of soil macrofauna, and integrated crop-livestock systems, associated with no-tillage, especially with grass/legume species associations, had more favorable conditions for the development of "soil engineers" compared with continuous pasture or arable crops. Soil macrofauna density and diversity, assessed at morphospecies level, are effective data to measure the impact of land use in Cerrado soils.

Biotechnology and Disease Management

1993 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 157-160
Author(s):  
Mary F. Tatner
Keyword(s):  
Disease Management ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Genetic Influences ◽  
Vaccine Research ◽  
Arable Crops ◽  
Livestock Species

The application of biotechnology to disease management has led to considerable improvements in production of most livestock species and arable crops. Its use in aquaculture is less well developed, but there are several areas in which biotechnological approaches have led to advances in vaccine research, disease diagnosis, epidemiology and understanding of genetic influences on resistance or susceptibility.

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