Solar Distillation of Saline Water with Particular Regard to Materials Problems

2009 ◽  
pp. 86-86-7
Author(s):  
R. P. Lappala ◽  
L. L. Yaeger ◽  
J. A. Bjorksten
Keyword(s):  
Saline Water ◽  
Solar Distillation

scholarly journals Saline water desalination with multilevel solar distillation

2021 ◽  
Vol 802 (1) ◽  
pp. 012041
Author(s):  
D Wijaya ◽  
R A Kusumadewi ◽  
A Wijayanti ◽  
R Hadisoebroto
Keyword(s):  
Saline Water ◽  
Water Desalination ◽  
Solar Distillation

scholarly journals Distillation Using Solar Magnifying Lenses and Solar Panels

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 83-90
Author(s):  
Nabil H. Hadi ◽  
Ban Hussein Kassab ◽  
Ali Mohammed Ali
Keyword(s):  
Saline Water ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Cell System ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Solar Distillation ◽  
Is Theory ◽  
The City

Abstract— The process of solar distillation of saline water is an important way to obtain pure water using simple and low-cost technology. Therefore, countries located in hot climates tended some experiments and researches in the solar distillation field. one of the best methods is theory of the thermal cooking by using limited dimension of basin. In this study use the basin dimensions (860 * 520 * 50 mm) with inserts (adding magnifying lenses and using a solar cell system to charge batteries that feed a 150-watt thermal wire to heat the water) to increase the efficiency of thermal cooking. According to the special ambient in the city of Baghdad for the four quarters was calculated the amount of distilled water theoretically and compared with the distillation quantities of the three basins in same at the time and location as follows: a- In the summer season, we get approximately to equal amount of distilled water equal to 3.5 liters / day and 3.75 liters / day from to (no additions effect and thermal wire effect) basin and 4.3 liters / day were obtained for the effected of the magnifying glass. b- In the autumn and spring seasons, the quantity of distilled water equal to 2.75 liters / day was obtained for the basin with no additions and 3.3 liters / day for the basin with addition a thermal wire and 3.5 liters for the basin with affected of magnifying glass effect. c- In the winter season, the quantity of distilled water equal to 1.5 liters / day was obtained for the basin with no additives and 2.2 liters / day for the addition a thermal wire basin and 1.8 liters / day for the basin with affected of the magnifying glass.

Thermoeconomic analysis of solar distillation system with stepped-corrugated absorber plate

2020 ◽  
pp. 095440622094322
Author(s):  
Vikrant P Katekar ◽  
Sandip S Deshmukh
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Thermal Performance ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Average Energy ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Solar Still ◽  
Absorber Plate ◽  
Improve Energy Efficiency ◽  
Solar Distillation ◽  
Efficiency And Productivity

Solar still is a cost-effective and environment-friendly device to convert saline water into potable by employing solar energy in developing countries; however, it has an inferior thermal performance. This paper presents an attempt to improve energy efficiency and productivity of solar still by improving the design of the absorber plate. Modified solar still has been tested with a stepped-corrugated absorber plate. During the experimentation, it is found that the thermal performance of modified solar still is superior to conventional solar still. The average basin saline water temperature and the temperature difference between saline water and condenser glass cover are higher for stepped-corrugated solar still by 19.67 and 105.75%, respectively, as compared with conventional solar still. The average energy efficiency, exergy efficiency and productivity are found to be 259.61, 418.61 and 147.93% higher for stepped-corrugated solar still. Economic analysis indicates that the cost of distil water production is approximately Rs. 1.73 (0.023 $) per litre, and the payback period is 12 months, with carbon credits earned are approximately Rs. 11,998 (157.76 $).

scholarly journals Current Status of Theoretical and Practical Research of Seawater Single-Effect Passive Solar Distillation in Mexico

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Rubio ◽  
José Luis Fernández-Zayas ◽  
Miguel A. Porta-Gándara
Keyword(s):  
Saline Water ◽  
Physical Phenomenon ◽  
Glass Plate ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Arid Zones ◽  
Solar Still ◽  
Technology Innovations ◽  
Solar Distillation ◽  
Practical Research

Solar distillation is a practical alternative for freshwater production in arid zones where seawater is abundant. The attractiveness of this approach resides in the simplicity of the solar still, equipment used to produce saline-free water for drinking, intensive agriculture, domestic use and other purposes. A solar still is an apparatus exposed to solar radiation that consists essentially of a basin with a solar collector where saline water is deposited and covered with a transparent inclined glass plate. The system operates as a greenhouse where the heated seawater evaporates and condensates on the inner surface of the cover. The distillate yield is collected in an external container. A research group in Mexico has been working for years doing research on the process of freshwater production with solar stills. Various research aspects have been addressed, among which are mathematical modeling of the physical phenomenon, practical research by building solar stills with different geometries and sizes, and the proposal of a process for mass-production manufacturing of solar stills with technology innovations. This paper is an overview of some of the most relevant results obtained by these research efforts.

Experimental and Numerical Simulation of Solar Still for the Production of Drinking Water in Desert Areas of Southern Algeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (03) ◽  
pp. 1850024
Author(s):  
Mekki Zerouali ◽  
Fouad Khaldi ◽  
Zina Belkhiri
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Water Film ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Reference Case ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Solar Distillation ◽  
Desert Areas

Solar distillation is a simple method used for the production of drinking water from saline or brackish water. This method proposes a solution for the production of fresh water in arid and desert areas, where a large solar field is available and also the existence of underground sources of saline water. A solar distiller with a single basin and double slopes is theoretically examined. The theoretical model is based on the resolution of equations of heat and mass transfer dependent on time for glazing cover, water film and absorber basin. For validating the results of the theoretical model, a comparison with the experimental results was carried out. A series of experimental tests on a solar distiller with double slopes in the climatic conditions of Ouargla in Algeria were performed. The tests were carried out on 19th February 2009. The amount of water distilled was 2.7 liters, after a day’s work. The results show that the cooling of the glazing cover leads to increase in the amount of distilled water of about 17% in comparison with the reference case. In addition, we found a good agreement between the results of the theoretical model and the experimental data.

A Comparative Performance Study of Double Basin Single Slope Solar Still With and Without Using Nanoparticles

2018 ◽  
Vol 141 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalpesh V. Modi ◽  
Dhruvin L. Shukla ◽  
Dipak B. Ankoliya
Keyword(s):  
Fresh Water ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Local Area ◽  
Al2o3 Nanoparticles ◽  
Solar Still ◽  
Performance Study ◽  
Comparative Performance ◽  
Industrial Growth ◽  
Solar Distillation ◽  
Major Region

In major region of the world, ample amount of fresh water is required for the drinking purpose as well as for the agricultural and industrial growth. Hence, it is necessary to investigate the alternate clean water extraction technologies to get the potable water from the saline water available at local area or inside the earth. One of the methods used to get the fresh water from the brackish water is solar distillation and the means used is called as a solar still. In the present work, single slope double basin solar still performance has been investigated with and without using Al2O3 nanoparticles at the location 20.61°N, 72.91°E. For the experimentation, two identical single slope double basin solar stills were fabricated with the same basin area. The yield of solar still, one without nanoparticles and the other with Al2O3 nanoparticles, has been measured for various weight concentrations of Al2O3 nanoparticles such as 0.01%, 0.05%, 0.10%, and 0.20%. The results show that the use of nanoparticles in solar still increases the distilled output by 17.6%, 12.3%, 7.2%, and 2.6% for weight concentrations of 0.01%, 0.05%, 0.10%, and 0.20%, respectively, in comparison to the solar still without nanoparticles.

scholarly journals Performance of cylindrical solar still with hemispherical cover: CFD simulation study

2021 ◽  
Vol 286 ◽  
pp. 02005
Author(s):  
Qahtan A Abed ◽  
Dhafer M Hachim ◽  
Wisam A Abd Al-Wahid
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Model ◽  
Cfd Simulation ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Experimental Result ◽  
Computer Simulation Model ◽  
Solar Still ◽  
Solar Distillation ◽  
Acceptable Agreement ◽  
Purification Of Water

Solar distillation collectors are the device that runs on freshwater products. The solar still is one solar thermal technology for purification of water. This technique is employed to convert saline water into freshwater. At this time, the human being increased freshwater required consumption because of the increasing population density. The thermal analysis of a new design of cylindrical solar still (CSS) with hemispherical cover has been studied. A computer simulation model was improved to investigate its performance. The 2D symmetry simulation models of cylindrical solar still have been validated. The simulation model can emulate the temperature value of different points inside the CSS. The simulation results confirm an acceptable agreement with the experimental result was reported in the literature. From this simulation, it was noted that the freshwater product from the cylindrical solar still obtains the maximum daily productivity of 6.1 kg/m2 as compared to a traditional single slope solar still SSS as 3.18 kg/m2 during the day.

Limnological characteristics, community metabolism and management strategies of a coastal sinkhole in Cuba (Cenote Jennifer)

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Roberto González-De Zayas ◽  
Liosban Lantigua Ponce de León ◽  
Liezel Guerra Rodríguez ◽  
Felipe Matos Pupo ◽  
Leslie Hernández-Fernández
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Primary Productivity ◽  
Major Ions ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Tourist Destination ◽  
Community Metabolism ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
Made In ◽  
Limnological Parameters

The Cenote Jennifer is an important and unique aquatic sinkhole in Cayo Coco (Jardines del Rey Tourist Destination) that has brackish to saline water. Two samplings were made in 1998 and 2009, and 4 metabolism community experiments in 2009. Some limnological parameters were measured in both samplings (temperature, salinity, pH, dissolved oxygen major ions, hydrogen sulfide, nutrients and others). Community metabolism was measured through incubated oxygen concentration in clear and dark oxygen bottles. Results showed that the sinkhole limnology depends on rainfall and light incidence year, with some stratification episodes, due to halocline or oxycline presence, rather than thermocline. The sinkhole water was oligotrophic (total nitrogen of 41.5 ± 22.2 μmol l−1 and total phosphorus of 0.3 ± 0.2 μmol l−1) and with low productivity (gross primary productivity of 63.0 mg C m−2 d−1). Anoxia and hypoxia were present at the bottom with higher levels of hydrogen sulfide, lower pH and restricted influence of the adjacent sea (2 km away). To protect the Cenote Jennifer, tourist exploitation should be avoided and more resources to ecological and morphological studies should be allocated, and eventually use this aquatic system only for specialized diving. For conservation purposes, illegal garbage disposal in the surrounding forest should end.

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