Improved Suction Technique for the Characterization of Construction Materials

2009 ◽  
pp. 12-12-9
Author(s):  
Lisbeth G. Thygesen ◽  
Kurt K. Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Construction Materials

scholarly journals Waste-Based One-Part Alkali Activated Materials

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 2911
Author(s):  
Margarida Gonçalves ◽  
Inês Silveirinha Vilarinho ◽  
Marinélia Capela ◽  
Ana Caetano ◽  
Rui Miguel Novais ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Microstructural Analysis ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Sodium Metasilicate ◽  
High Compressive Strength ◽  
Hardened State ◽  
First Time ◽  
Furnace Slag ◽  
Alkali Activated

Ordinary Portland Cement is the most widely used binder in the construction sector; however, a very high carbon footprint is associated with its production process. Consequently, more sustainable alternative construction materials are being investigated, namely, one-part alkali activated materials (AAMs). In this work, waste-based one-part AAMs binders were developed using only a blast furnace slag, as the solid precursor, and sodium metasilicate, as the solid activator. For the first time, mortars in which the commercial sand was replaced by two exhausted sands from biomass boilers (CA and CT) were developed. Firstly, the characterization of the slag and sands (aggregates) was performed. After, the AAMs fresh and hardened state properties were evaluated, being the characterization complemented by FTIR and microstructural analysis. The binder and the mortars prepared with commercial sand presented high compressive strength values after 28 days of curing-56 MPa and 79 MPa, respectively. The mortars developed with exhausted sands exhibit outstanding compressive strength values, 86 and 70 MPa for CT and CA, respectively, and the other material’s properties were not affected. Consequently, this work proved that high compressive strength waste-based one-part AAMs mortars can be produced and that it is feasible to use another waste as aggregate in the mortar’s formulations: the exhausted sands from biomass boilers.

scholarly journals Characterization of different earthen construction materials in oasis of south-eastern Morocco (Errachidia Province)

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. e00496
Author(s):  
Abdellah Mellaikhafi ◽  
Amine Tilioua ◽  
Hanène Souli ◽  
Mohammed Garoum ◽  
Moulay Ahmed Alaoui Hamdi
Keyword(s):  
Construction Materials ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Earthen Construction ◽  
Eastern Morocco

scholarly journals Design and characterization of concrete masonry parts and structural concrete using repurposed plastics as aggregate

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-88
Author(s):  
Miguel A. González-Montijo ◽  
Hildélix Soto-Toro ◽  
Cristian Rivera-Pérez ◽  
Silvia Esteves-Klomsingh ◽  
Oscar Marcelo Suárez
Keyword(s):  
Structural Strength ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Compression Tests ◽  
Conventional Concrete ◽  
Structural Capacity ◽  
Plastic Type ◽  
Concrete Mix ◽  
Scientists And Engineers

AbstractHistorically known for being one of the major pollutants in the world, the construction industry, always in constant advancement and development, is currently evolving towards more environmentally friendly technologies and methods. Scientists and engineers seek to develop and implement green alternatives to conventional construction materials. One of these alternatives is to introduce an abundant, hard to recycle, material that could serve as a partial aggregate replacement in masonry bricks or even in a more conventional concrete mixture. The present work studied the use of 3 different types of repurposed plastics with different constitutions and particle size distribution. Accordingly, several brick and concrete mix designs were developed to determine the practicality of using these plastics as partial aggregate replacements. After establishing proper working material ratios for each brick and concrete mix, compression tests as well as tensile tests for the concrete mixes helped determine the structural capacity of both applications. Presented results proved that structural strength can indeed be reached in a masonry unit, using up to a 43% in volume of plastic. Furthermore, a workable structural strength for concrete can be achieved at fourteen days of curing, using up to a 50% aggregate replacement. A straightforward cost assessment for brick production was produced as well as various empirical observations and recommendations concerning the feasibility of each repurposed plastic type examined.

scholarly journals Characterization of graphite-epoxy composite electrodes for free electrochemical detection of adenine and guanine in DNA

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abel Ibrahim Balbin Tamayo ◽  
Leodanis Correa Fajardo ◽  
Ana Margarita Esteva Guas
Keyword(s):  
Square Wave Voltammetry ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Composite Electrodes ◽  
Single Chain ◽  
Electron Transfer Rate ◽  
Redox Probe ◽  
Wave Voltammetry ◽  
Electron Transfer Rate Constant

Graphite-epoxy composites (GECs) are alternative construction materials for electro­chemical sensors. For these materials, the electron transfer rate constant of some redox reaction depends additionally on the stoichiometric relationship between the insulating and conducting phases of the composite. In this work, the influence of dif­fe­rent ratios of araldite/hardener/graphite on the electrochemical properties of GEC electrodes is evaluated for the simultaneous determination of adenine and guanine in the single chain DNA, using the square wave voltammetry technique. Six GEC electro­des were prepared with different ratios of components, and electrochemically charac­terized by cyclic voltammetry in the presence of ferri/ferrocyanide redox couple as a redox probe. GEC electrodes that showed the best electrochemical responses of redox probe were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and used for the simul­taneous determination of free adenine and guanine in a solution, and DNA oligonu­cle­otides. The best results were obtained for GEC electrodes containing twice higher volu­me of araldite resin with respect to the hardener. TGA analysis revealed presence of 15-26 % of resin for these GEC electrodes. The obtained results revealed potential appl­ication of these GEC electrodes as DNA sensors based on the oxidation signal of guanine.

Characterization of Earth Used in Earth Construction Materials

2021 ◽  
pp. 17-81
Author(s):  
Jean-Emmanuel Aubert ◽  
Paulina Faria ◽  
Pascal Maillard ◽  
Kouka Amed Jérémy Ouedraogo ◽  
Claudiane Ouellet-Plamondon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Construction Materials ◽  
Earth Construction

scholarly journals Luminescence reveals variations in local structural order of calcium carbonate polymorphs formed by different mechanisms

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael B. Toffolo ◽  
Giulia Ricci ◽  
Luisa Caneve ◽  
Ifat Kaplan-Ashiri
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Reference Database ◽  
Formation Processes ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Structural Order ◽  
Lime Plaster ◽  
Calcium Carbonate Polymorphs

Abstract In nature, calcium carbonate (CaCO3) in the form of calcite and aragonite nucleates through different pathways including geogenic and biogenic processes. It may also occur as pyrogenic lime plaster and laboratory-precipitated crystals. All of these formation processes are conducive to different degrees of local structural order in CaCO3 crystals, with the pyrogenic and precipitated forms being the least ordered. These variations affect the manner in which crystals interact with electromagnetic radiation, and thus formation processes may be tracked using methods such as X-ray diffraction and infrared spectroscopy. Here we show that defects in the crystal structure of CaCO3 may be detected by looking at the luminescence of crystals. Using cathodoluminescence by scanning electron microscopy (SEM-CL) and laser-induced fluorescence (LIF), it is possible to discern different polymorphs and their mechanism of formation. We were thus able to determine that pyrogenic calcite and aragonite exhibit blue luminescence due to the incorporation of distortions in the crystal lattice caused by heat and rapid precipitation, in agreement with infrared spectroscopy assessments of local structural order. These results provide the first detailed reference database of SEM-CL and LIF spectra of CaCO3 standards, and find application in the characterization of optical, archaeological and construction materials.

Characterization of Medium Density Particleborads Using Agricultural Residues

2015 ◽  
Vol 1088 ◽  
pp. 656-659
Author(s):  
Ivaldo D. Valarelli ◽  
Rosane A.G. Battistelle ◽  
Barbara Stolte Bezerra ◽  
Luiz A. Melgaço N. Branco ◽  
Eduardo Chahud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Castor Oil ◽  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Mechanical Characterization ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Agricultural Residues ◽  
Medium Density ◽  
Polyurethane Resin

In recent years the production of products derived from wood and bamboo are increasing, due to the search for a more rational exploitation of these raw materials. Amongst these products, the particleboards production combine sustainability and rationality in the use of these materials. In this context, this work has the objective to study the application of alternative raw materials in the manufacture of Medium Density Particleboards (MDP), using residues from industrial processimg of coffee and bamboo. MDP had been produced with particles of giganteus bamboo of the Dendrocalamus species and particle of coffee rind in the intermediate layer of the particleboard, bonded with polyurethane resin based on castor oil. The physical and mechanical characterization was carried out accordingly to NBR 14810-3 (2006). The physical properties evaluated were: of water absorption for 2h and 24h; thickness swallowing for 2h and 24h; density, humidity content. The mechanical properties evaluated were: Tensile strength, static bending (MOR and MOE). The results were compared with NBR 14810-2 (2006) and also with the ANSI A208-1 (1993). The physical performance of these particleboards was below the values recommend by the Brazilian norm. Also the mechanical characteristics are not improve, demonstrating that the inclusion of coffee rind did not benefit the physical characteristics and nor the mechanical ones. However it can be used as construction materials for partitions and ceiling panels.

scholarly journals Characterization of Gypsum Composites Containing Cigarette Butt Waste for Building Applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (17) ◽  
pp. 7022
Author(s):  
Mónica Morales-Segura ◽  
César Porras-Amores ◽  
Paola Villoria-Sáez ◽  
David Caballol-Bartolomé
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Bonding Strength ◽  
Ecological Footprint ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Construction Sector ◽  
Acoustic Performance ◽  
Cigarette Butts ◽  
Cigarette Butt ◽  
Performance Results

Cigarette butts are one of the most common waste on the planet and are not biodegradable, so they remain on the landscape for many years. Cigarette butt composition makes it suitable to be added during the manufacture of construction materials, so it can be considered a waste recovery material, helping to reduce the ecological footprint of the construction sector. This article shows the characterization of gypsum composites containing cigarette butt waste. Several gypsum specimens were prepared incorporating different percentages of cigarette butt waste (0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0% and 2.5%). Samples without waste additions were also prepared in order to compare the results obtained. Samples were tested for density, superficial hardness, flexural and compressive strength, bonding strength and acoustic performance. Results show that it is possible to add cigarette butts in a gypsum matrix, resulting in better mechanical behavior than traditional gypsums.

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