Panel on Geophysical Methods, Including Resistivity and Seismic Methods

2009 ◽  
pp. 221-221-6
Keyword(s):  
Geophysical Methods ◽  
Seismic Methods

scholarly journals Seismic Methods in Geothermal Water Resource Exploration: Case Study from Łódź Trough, Central Part of Poland

Geofluids ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomasz Maćkowski ◽  
Anna Sowiżdżał ◽  
Anna Wachowicz-Pyzik
Keyword(s):  
Estimation Error ◽  
Geophysical Methods ◽  
Petroleum Industry ◽  
Geological Structure ◽  
Seismic Survey ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Geothermal Resources ◽  
Geothermal Waters ◽  
Seismic Methods ◽  
Geophysical Surveys

The geothermal waters constitute a specific type of water resources, very important from the point of view of their thermal energy potential. This potential, when utilized, supplies an ecological and renewable energy, which, after effective development, brings many environmental, social, and industrial benefits. The key element of any geothermal investment is the proper location of geothermal installation, which would guarantee the relevant hydrogeothermal parameters of the water intake. Hence, many studies and analyses are carried out in order to characterize the reservoir parameters, including the integrated geophysical methods. For decades, the geophysical surveys have been the trusty recognition methods of geological structure and petrophysical parameters of rock formations. Thus, they are widely applied by petroleum industry in exploration of conventional and unconventional (shale gas/oil, tight gas) hydrocarbon deposits. Advances in geophysical methods extended their applicability to many other scientific and industrial branches as, e.g., the seismic survey used in studies of geothermal aquifers. The following paper presents the opportunities provided by seismic methods applied to studies of geothermal resources in the central Poland where the geothermal waters are reservoired in both the Lower Cretaceous and the Lower Jurassic sedimentary successions. The presented results are obtained from a network of seismic profiles. An important advantage of the seismic survey is that they may support the selection of an optimal location of geothermal investment and determination of the geometry of geothermal aquifer. Furthermore, the application of geophysical methods can significantly contribute to the reduction of estimation error of groundwater reservoir temperature.

Borehole seismic methods for geologic CO2 storage monitoring

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 434-441
Author(s):  
Don White ◽  
Thomas M. Daley ◽  
Björn Paulsson ◽  
William Harbert
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Storage ◽  
Geophysical Methods ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Microseismic Monitoring ◽  
Seismic Methods ◽  
Geologic Co2 Storage ◽  
Subsurface Monitoring ◽  
Borehole Seismic ◽  
Time Lapse Imaging

Borehole geophysical methods are a key component of subsurface monitoring of geologic CO2 storage sites because boreholes form a locus where geophysical measurements can be compared directly with the controlling geology. Borehole seismic methods, including intrawell, crosswell, and surface-to-borehole acquisition, are useful for site characterization, surface seismic calibration, 2D/3D time-lapse imaging, and microseismic monitoring. Here, we review the most common applications of borehole seismic methods in the context of storage monitoring and consider the role that detailed geophysical simulations can play in answering questions that arise when designing monitoring plans. Case study examples are included from the multitude of CO2 monitoring projects that have demonstrated the utility of borehole seismic methods for this purpose over the last 20 years.

Efficiency Of Integrated Seismic Methods Approach To Near-Surface Characterization

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irena Gjorgjeska ◽  
Vlatko Sheshov ◽  
Kemal Edip ◽  
Dragi Dojchinovski
Keyword(s):  
Surface Characterization ◽  
Seismic Refraction ◽  
Geophysical Methods ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Image Resolution ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Seismic Methods ◽  
Refraction Seismic

<p>Surface seismic methods are among the most popular, widely accepted, geophysical methods for near-surface characterization. The most practical and effective way to perform in-situ measurements and data processing using different seismic methods as are seismic refraction, seismic reflection and MASW method in an integrated approach is presented in this paper. Each method has some advantages and limitations, but their application in an integrated approach provides higher accuracy in subsurface modeling. The same seismic equipment and, in most of the cases, the same acquisition parameters were used, enabling time and cost effective survey for subsurface characterization. The choice of these parameters was not random. Experimental research by use of the above-mentioned seismic methods was carried out in a long period in order to define the optimal parameters for successful application of an integrated technique in future research. During this survey, particular attention was paid to the influence of the acquisition parameters on the dispersion image resolution in the MASW surveys and extraction of an effective dispersion curve.</p><p>The results of the performed surveys at characteristic locations in R. North Macedonia are presented to show the efficiency of the combined methods approach.</p>

Review of Geophysical Exploration on Mined-out Areas and Water Abundance

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-143
Author(s):  
Laifu Wen ◽  
Jiulong Cheng ◽  
Shaohua Huang ◽  
Jin Zhou ◽  
Yangchun Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Geophysical Methods ◽  
Electromagnetic Method ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Transient Electromagnetic Method ◽  
Water Abundance ◽  
Geophysical Exploration ◽  
Transient Electromagnetic ◽  
Seismic Methods ◽  
Electromagnetic Methods ◽  
Surface Borehole

With the increase in mining depth, the presence of goafs has become increasingly severe in mine safety. The accurate and effective detection of underground goafs and their water abundance is the key to ensure the safety of mine production. On the basis of the relevant research, this paper defines different goaf types from the perspective of geophysical exploration and discusses the geophysical prerequisites for goaf detection. DC methods, electromagnetic methods, seismic methods, and other geophysical methods on the ground and in the subsurface are reviewed and summarized using the method's principle, research status, and technical features. Research progress on the geophysical methods in goafs and their water abundance detection are introduced, including the electrical source short-offset transient electromagnetic method (SOTEM), the wave-field transformation and synthetic aperture of the transient electromagnetic method, and comprehensive detection. At the end of the paper, a direction for the development of coal mined-out areas and their water abundance detection is put forward, including information fusion technology, ground-airborne electromagnetic methods, magnetic resonance sounding (MRS), surface-borehole transient electromagnetic method, surface-borehole seismic methods, and seismic while tunneling technology. The application prospects of these methods are discussed, and the results of this study are expected to considerably improve the location precision and resolution of the goaf detection on the basis of the implications of these techniques.

Feasibility of Monitoring Gas-Hydrate Production With Time-Lapse Vertical Seismic Profiling

SPE Journal ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 15 (03) ◽  
pp. 634-645 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael B. Kowalsky ◽  
Seiji Nakagawa ◽  
George J. Moridis
Keyword(s):  
Gas Hydrate ◽  
Geophysical Methods ◽  
Rock Physics ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Seismic Profiling ◽  
Vertical Seismic Profiling ◽  
Seismic Methods ◽  
Geophysical Surveys

Summary Many studies involving the application of geophysical methods in the field of gas hydrates have focused on determining rock-physics relationships for hydrate-bearing sediments, with the goal being to delineate the boundaries of gas-hydrate accumulations and to estimate the quantities of gas hydrate that such accumulations contain using remote-sensing techniques. However, the potential for using time-lapse geophysical methods to monitor the evolution of hydrate accumulations during production and, thus, to manage production has not been investigated. In this work, we begin to examine the feasibility of using time-lapse seismic methods—specifically, the vertical-seismic-profiling (VSP) method—for monitoring changes in hydrate accumulations that are predicted to occur during production of natural gas. A feasibility study of this nature is made possible through the coupled simulation of large-scale production in hydrate accumulations and time-lapse geophysical (seismic) surveys. We consider a hydrate accumulation in the Gulf of Mexico that may represent a promising target for production. Although the current study focuses on one seismic method (VSP), this approach can be extended easily to other geophysical methods, including other seismic methods (e.g., surface seismic or crosshole measurements) and electromagnetic surveys. In addition to examining the sensitivity of seismic attributes and parameters to the changing conditions in hydrate accumulations, our long-term goals in this work are to determine optimal sampling strategies (e.g., source frequency, time interval for data acquisition) and measurement configurations (e.g., source and receiver spacing for VSP), while taking into account uncertainties in rock-physics relationships. The numerical-modeling strategy demonstrated in this study may be used in the future to help design cost-effective geophysical surveys to track the evolution of hydrate properties. Here, we describe the modeling procedure and present some preliminary results.

Integration of Multi-geophysical Approaches to Identify Potential Pathways of Heavy Metals Contamination - A Case Study in Zeida, Morocco

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 415-423
Author(s):  
Ahmed Lachhab ◽  
El Mehdi Benyassine ◽  
Mohamed Rouai ◽  
Abdelilah Dekayir ◽  
Jean C. Parisot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Seismic Velocity ◽  
Seismic Refraction ◽  
Geophysical Methods ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Electrical Current ◽  
P Wave ◽  
Low Resistivity ◽  
Refraction Tomography ◽  
Geophysical Surveys

The tailings of Zeida's abandoned mine are found near the city of Midelt, in the middle of the high Moulouya watershed between the Middle and the High Atlas of Morocco. The tailings occupy an area of about 100 ha and are stored either in large mining pit lakes with clay-marl substratum or directly on a heavily fractured granite bedrock. The high contents of lead and arsenic in these tailings have transformed them into sources of pollution that disperse by wind, runoff, and seepage to the aquifer through faults and fractures. In this work, the main goal is to identify the pathways of contaminated water with heavy metals and arsenic to the local aquifers, water ponds, and Moulouya River. For this reason, geophysical surveys including electrical resistivity tomography (ERT), seismic refraction tomography (SRT) and very low-frequency electromagnetic (VLF-EM) methods were carried out over the tailings, and directly on the substratum outside the tailings. The result obtained from combining these methods has shown that pollutants were funneled through fractures, faults, and subsurface paleochannels and contaminated the hydrological system connecting groundwater, ponds, and the river. The ERT profiles have successfully shown the location of fractures, some of which extend throughout the upper formation to depths reaching the granite. The ERT was not successful in identifying fractures directly beneath the tailings due to their low resistivity which inhibits electrical current from propagating deeper. The seismic refraction surveys have provided valuable details on the local geology, and clearly identified the thickness of the tailings and explicitly marked the boundary between the Triassic formation and the granite. It also aided in the identification of paleochannels. The tailings materials were easily identified by both their low resistivity and low P-wave velocity values. Also, both resistivity and seismic velocity values rapidly increased beneath the tailings due to the compaction of the material and lack of moisture and have proven to be effective in identifying the upper limit of the granite. Faults were found to lie along the bottom of paleochannels, which suggest that the locations of these channels were caused by these same faults. The VLF-EM surveys have shown tilt angle anomalies over fractured areas which were also evinced by low resistivity area in ERT profiles. Finally, this study showed that the three geophysical methods were complementary and in good agreement in revealing the pathways of contamination from the tailings to the local aquifer, nearby ponds and Moulouya River.

Geotechnical investigation through SP, Electrical Resistivity and GPR geophysical methods

Geotecnia ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 137 ◽  
pp. 141-155
Author(s):  
Herson Oliveira da Rocha ◽  
◽  
Lúcia Maria Costa e Silva ◽  
João Andrade dos Reis Júnior ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Resistivity ◽  
Geophysical Methods ◽  
Geotechnical Investigation

Identifikasi Potensi Air Tanah untuk Kebutuhan Penyediaan Air Bersih dengan Metode Geolistrik: Studi Kasus di Kawasan Geostech, Puspiptek Serpong

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 204-212
Author(s):  
Heru Sri Naryanto ◽  
Puspa Khaerani ◽  
Syakira Trisnafiah ◽  
Achmad Fakhrus Shomim ◽  
Wisyanto Wisyanto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Geophysical Methods ◽  
Groundwater Potential ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Rock Types ◽  
Groundwater Aquifers ◽  
Groundwater Aquifer ◽  
Groundwater Origin ◽  
Laboratory Facility ◽  
Potential Groundwater ◽  
Lower Depth

ABSTRACTGeostech Building, as an office and laboratory facility, requires a source of clean water from groundwater related to the limited supply of clean water from the PDAM. Due to the needs of freshwater from groundwater origin, data and information are needed regarding the potential groundwater in the area, including aquifer configuration, depth, and groundwater potential. The presence of groundwater is not distributed through every area, and it's related to the geological and geohydrological conditions. One of the geophysical methods that can describe subsurface is 2D geoelectric methods. This method can distinguish and analyze rock types, geological structures, groundwater aquifers, and other important information based on the characteristics of the electricity of rocks by looking at the value of the type of resistance. In this measurement, the Wenner Alpha configuration has been used, where the arrangement of A-B current electrodes and M-N potential electrodes have constant spacing. From the measurement results, it can be interpreted that there is a low resistivity layer containing porous groundwater as an aquifer. Based on regional geological data, it has been estimated that this layer is in the form of sandy tuff (0-1.5 ohm-m). The exploitation of groundwater with drilling is expected to reach the aquifer's upper layer at depth, starting from 11.5-13 meters. The groundwater aquifer thickness cannot be ascertained because of the penetration of the lower depth of 2D geoelectric measurements truncated by the constraint of a maximum stretch of cable. The upper layer of the aquifer contains a turned layer of fine tufa and medium tuff, which is impermeable, coarse tuff, and mixed soil with varying thickness at the upper layer.Keywords: 2D geoelectric, aquifer, potential groundwater, Geostech  ABSTRAKGedung Geostech sebagai sarana perkantoran dan laboratorium memerlukan sumber air bersih dari air tanah terkait dengan terbatasnya suplai air bersih dari PDAM. Kebutuhan air bersih berasal dari air tanah, maka diperlukan data dan informasi mengenai kondisi potensi air tanah di kawasan tersebut termasuk konfigurasi akuifer, kedalaman, dan potensi air tanahnya. Keberadaan air tanah tidaklah merata untuk setiap tempat dan sangat terkait dengan kondisi geologi dan geohidrologinya. Salah satu metode geofisika yang dapat memberikan gambaran kondisi bawah permukaan adalah dengan metode geolistrik 2D. Metode ini dapat membedakan dan menganalisis jenis batuan, struktur geologi, akuifer air tanah, dan informasi penting lainnya berdasarkan sifat kelistrikan batuan dengan melihat nilai tahanan jenisnya. Dalam pengukuran ini digunakan konfigurasi Wenner Alpha, dimana susunan elektroda arus A dan B dan elektroda potensial M dan N mempunyai spasi yang konstan. Dari hasil pengukuran dapat diinterpretasikan adanya lapisan dengan resistivitas rendah yang mengandung air tanah dan bersifat porous sebagai akuifer. Berdasarkan data geologi regional diperkirakan lapisan ini berupa tuf pasiran (0-1,5 ohm-m). Pengambilan air tanah dengan pemboran diperkirakan akan mengenai batas atas lapisan akuifer pada kedalaman 11,5-13 meter. Ketebalan akuifer air tanah tidak bisa dihitung karena penetrasi kedalaman pengukuran geolistrik 2D terbatasi oleh bentangan elektroda di permukaan. Lapisan di atas akuifer merupakan lapisan selang-seling tuf halus dan tuf sedang yang kedap air, tuf kasar, dan pada bagian paling atas merupakan tanah urugan dengan ketebalan bervariasi.Kata kunci: Geolistrik 2D, akuifer, potensi air tanah, Geostech  

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