Characteristics of Membrane Filters for Particle Collection

2009 ◽  
pp. 74-74-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth L. Rubow ◽  
Benjamin Y. H. Liu
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Filters ◽  
Particle Collection

Transfer Technique for Electron Microscopy of Membrance Filter Samples

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 554-555
Author(s):  
Lawrence W. Ortiz ◽  
Bonnie L. Isom
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Pore Size ◽  
Membrane Filters ◽  
Size Dependent

A procedure is described for the quantitative transfer of fibers and particulates collected on membrane filters to electron microscope (EM) grids. Various Millipore MF filters (Millipore AA, HA, GS, and VM; 0.8, 0.45, 0.22 and 0.05 μm mean pore size) have been used with success. Observed particle losses have not been size dependent and have not exceeded 10%. With fibers (glass or asbestos) as the collected media this observed loss is approximately 3%.

Blood Cell Separation Device Using Serially Connected Membrane Filters for Adapting to Blood Flow Properties

2009 ◽  
Vol 129 (11) ◽  
pp. 380-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taizo Kobayashi ◽  
Daiki Kato ◽  
Hiroyuki Koga ◽  
Kenichi Morimoto ◽  
Makoto Fukuda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Cell Separation ◽  
Flow Properties ◽  
Separation Device ◽  
Membrane Filters

Performance Characteristics of Methods for the Bacteriological Examination of Water

1993 ◽  
Vol 27 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arie H. Havelaar ◽  
Siem H. Heisterkamp ◽  
Janneke A. Hoekstra ◽  
Kirsten A. Mooijman
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Measurement Errors ◽  
Systematic Errors ◽  
General Concept ◽  
Growth Characteristics ◽  
Performance Characteristics ◽  
Logarithmic Scale ◽  
Bacteriological Examination ◽  
Membrane Filters

The general concept of measurement errors is applied to quantitative bacteriological counts on membrane filters or agar plates. The systematic errors of these methods are related to the growth characteristics of the medium (recovery of target organisms and inhibition of non-target organisms) and to its differential characteristics (sensitivity and specificity). Factors that influence the precision of microbiological counts are the variation between replicates, within samples, between operators and between laboratories. It is also affected by the linearity of the method, the verification rate and, where applicable, the number of colonies subcultured for verification. Repeatability (r) and reproducibility (R) values can be calculated on the logarithmic scale.

Evaluation of the disinfection potential of low chlorine concentrations in tap water using immobilised enterococcus faecium in a continuous flow device

1997 ◽  
Vol 35 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 77-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Wiedenmann ◽  
M. Braun ◽  
K. Botzenhart
Keyword(s):  
Distribution System ◽  
Enterococcus Faecium ◽  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Test System ◽  
Batch Experiments ◽  
Membrane Filters ◽  
Upper Limit ◽  
Flow Device ◽  
Faecal Streptococci

A simple continuous flow device in which bacteria were immobilised on membrane filters and flushed with tap water with free chlorine residuals of 0.05, 0.1, 0.2 and 0.4mg/L at pH 7.7 and 10°C, has been used for disinfection experiments with faecal streptococci. A 99.99% reduction of Enterococcus faecium was observed between 3.4–5.2min (0.05mg/L), between 2.8–4.1min (0.1mg/L), between 1.7–3.1min (0.2mg/L) and between 0.8–2.1min (0.4mg/L). CT-products covered a range of 0.17 (0.05mg/L, lower limit) up to 0.85mg/L/min (0.4mg/L, upper limit). The test system is suggested as a more reliable alternative to batch experiments when the disinfection potential of low chlorine concentrations acting for several minutes has to be evaluated. The system cannot be used to demonstrate exact reduction kinetics but it allows the calculation of CT values and the evaluation of the disinfection potential of chlorinated water at any point of a distribution system where initial chlorine concentrations may have already remarkably declined.

Particle collection by permeable drops

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert H. Davis ◽  
Alexander Z. Zinchenko
Keyword(s):  
Particle Collection

On the performance of multilayered membrane filters

2021 ◽  
Vol 127 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Fong ◽  
L. J. Cummings ◽  
S. J. Chapman ◽  
P. Sanaei
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Filters

scholarly journals Review of Respirable Coal Mine Dust Characterization for Mass Concentration, Size Distribution and Chemical Composition

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 426
Author(s):  
Behrooz Abbasi ◽  
Xiaoliang Wang ◽  
Judith C. Chow ◽  
John G. Watson ◽  
Bijan Peik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Coal Mine ◽  
Energy Dispersive ◽  
Size Distributions ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Membrane Filters ◽  
Mine Dust ◽  
Mass Concentrations

Respirable coal mine dust (RCMD) exposure is associated with black lung and silicosis diseases in underground miners. Although only RCMD mass and silica concentrations are regulated, it is possible that particle size, surface area, and other chemical constituents also contribute to its adverse health effects. This review summarizes measurement technologies for RCMD mass concentrations, morphology, size distributions, and chemical compositions, with examples from published efforts where these methods have been applied. Some state-of-the-art technologies presented in this paper have not been certified as intrinsically safe, and caution should be exerted for their use in explosive environments. RCMD mass concentrations are most often obtained by filter sampling followed by gravimetric analysis, but recent requirements for real-time monitoring by continuous personal dust monitors (CPDM) enable quicker exposure risk assessments. Emerging low-cost photometers provide an opportunity for a wider deployment of real-time exposure assessment. Particle size distributions can be determined by microscopy, cascade impactors, aerodynamic spectrometers, optical particle counters, and electrical mobility analyzers, each with unique advantages and limitations. Different filter media are required to collect integrated samples over working shifts for comprehensive chemical analysis. Teflon membrane filters are used for mass by gravimetry, elements by energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence, rare-earth elements by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry and mineralogy by X-ray diffraction. Quartz fiber filters are analyzed for organic, elemental, and brown carbon by thermal/optical methods and non-polar organics by thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Polycarbonate-membrane filters are analyzed for morphology and elements by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive X-ray, and quartz content by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy.

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