X-ray Microdiffraction for the Analysis of Bearing Operation Conditions

2009 ◽  
pp. 227-227-7
Author(s):  
Reinder H. Vegter ◽  
Hans A. Verschoor ◽  
Anna Girones
Keyword(s):  
X Ray ◽  
Operation Conditions

scholarly journals Mn-Induced Thermal Stability of L10 Phase in Fept Magnetic Nanoscale Ribbons

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1278
Author(s):  
Alina Daniela Crisan ◽  
Aurel Leca ◽  
Dan Pantelica ◽  
Ioan Dan ◽  
Ovidiu Crisan
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
Permanent Magnets ◽  
Magnetic Hysteresis ◽  
Ternary Alloys ◽  
Large Temperature ◽  
Nominal Composition ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Operation Conditions

Magnetic nanoscale materials exhibiting the L10 tetragonal phase such as FePt or ternary alloys derived from FePt show most promising magnetic properties as a novel class of rare earth free permanent magnets with high operating temperature. A granular alloy derived from binary FePt with low Pt content and the addition of Mn with the nominal composition Fe57Mn8Pt35 has been synthesized in the shape of melt-spun ribbons and subsequently annealed at 600 °C and 700 °C for promoting the formation of single phase, L10 tetragonal, hard magnetic phase. Proton-induced X-ray emission spectroscopy PIXE has been utilized for checking the compositional effect of Mn addition. Structural properties were analyzed using X-ray diffraction and diffractograms were analyzed using full profile Rietveld-type analysis with MAUD (Materials Analysis Using Diffraction) software. By using temperature-dependent synchrotron X-ray diffraction, the disorder–order phase transformation and the stability of the hard magnetic L10 phase were monitored over a large temperature range (50–800 °C). A large interval of structural stability of the L10 phase was observed and this stability was interpreted in terms of higher ordering of the L10 phase promoted by the Mn addition. It was moreover found that both crystal growth and unit cell expansion are inhibited, up to the highest temperature investigated (800 °C), proving thus that the Mn addition stabilizes the formed L10 structure further. Magnetic hysteresis loops confirmed structural data, revealing a strong coercive field for a sample wherein single phase, hard, magnetic tetragonal L10 exists. These findings open good perspectives for use as nanocomposite, rare earth free magnets, working in extreme operation conditions.

scholarly journals Analysis of X-ray spectra in 14.5-GHz ECR ion source for optimizing operation conditions

2016 ◽  
Vol 53 (12) ◽  
pp. 2072-2078 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheol Ho Lee ◽  
Dae-Sik Chang ◽  
Byung-Hoon Oh ◽  
Yong-Kyun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Ion Source ◽  
Ecr Ion Source ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Operation Conditions

scholarly journals Dynamic Corrosion Test Using LiNO3 Containing Molten Salt for CSP Applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 4305
Author(s):  
Angel G. Fernández ◽  
Belén Muñoz-Sánchez ◽  
Javier Nieto-Maestre ◽  
Luisa F. Cabeza
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Test ◽  
Lithium Nitrate ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Concentrating Solar Power ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Operation Conditions ◽  
Commercial Carbon ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Container Material ◽  
Scanning Electron

Low melting point thermal energy storage (TES) materials have been proposed in the last years to reduce the storage cost in concentrating solar power (CSP) technology. One of the most interesting additive due to the enhancement in thermal properties is lithium nitrate. However, there is a lack of dynamic corrosion tests to simulate real operation conditions in CSP plants. In this work, we present a dynamic reactor set up where a mixture of 30 wt.% LiNO3 + 57 wt.% KNO3 + 13 wt.%. NaNO3 is moved through a mechanical stirrer obtaining a lineal speed of 0.30 m/s. A commercial carbon steel A516 was tested as container material at 390 °C during 1000 h. Fe2O3 and Fe3O4 were obtained as the main corrosion products by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and x-ray diffraction (XRD) with a metallographic corrosion rate of 0.015 mm/year.

Synthesis and Characterization of Onion Mediated Silver Doped Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles

2018 ◽  
pp. 111-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Tensingh Baliah ◽  
Muthulakshmi P. ◽  
S. Lega Priyatharsini
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Zno Nps ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Synthesis Of Nanoparticles ◽  
Onion Extract ◽  
Operation Conditions ◽  
Doped Zno

Green synthesis of nanoparticles has attracted considerable attention in recent years. In this regard, plants extracts and natural resources such as microorganisms and enzymes have been found to be good alternative reagents in nanoparticles synthesis. Utilizing green substances has several advantages including low energy consumption and moderate operation conditions without using any toxic chemicals. An attempt was made to synthesis and characterizes the silver doped zinc oxide nanoparticles (Ag doped ZnO NPs) by using onion extract. The synthesized Ag doped ZnO NPs were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy Analysis (EDAX), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Zeta potential analyses. These characterizations revealed that doped nanoparticles are differed in their structural properties. The onion extract was used as reducing agent as well as stabilizer. The phytochemicals found in the onion extract were responsible for the formation of Ag doped ZnO NPs.

Iron Oxide Determination by X-Ray Fluorescence for In-Process Control of Solid Propellant and Premixes

1962 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 422-428
Author(s):  
Reuel E. Lamborn ◽  
Foster J. Sorenson
Keyword(s):  
Iron Oxide ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Process Control ◽  
Relative Standard Deviation ◽  
Iron Content ◽  
Control Point ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Operation Conditions ◽  
Relative Standard

AbstractFinely divided iron oxide is used as a burning-rate catalyst in several solid rocket propellants. The concentration is critical and must be accurately determined as a quality control point before the propeltant is cast in the motor case and cured, in addition to the iron oxide, the propellant used for ignition of the Air Force Minuteman first stage contains a polymeric binder system, a solid oxidizer, and a metal powder. This composition makes it difficult to determine accurately the iron content by wet methods in the time available daring the propellant processing cycle. The use of X-ray fluorescence has been investigated as a means of satisfying the analysis time requirements while meeting the prescribed accuracy of ±1% of the amount of iron oxide present. Procedures for preparing test specimens have been developed and instrument operation conditions chosen which yield satisfactory precision. When ten specimens from each of three premixes were analyzed for iron content, the observed within-mix mean relative standard deviation was 0.28%; for propellant analyzed under the same conditions, the mean relative standard deviation was 0.35%. Factors affecting mix-to-mix accuracy, such as particle size and shape and interelement absorption and enhancement effects, have been investigated. Accuracy is adequate for in-process control of the iron oxide level in the premix, but further work is required before satisfactory control of propellant is achieved.

Interaction of a relativistic dense electron beam with a laser wiggler in a vacuum: self-field effects on the electron orbits and free-electron laser gain

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 1282-1295 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Abbasi ◽  
S. Jafari ◽  
R. Hedayati
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
Free Electron ◽  
Laser Pulses ◽  
Operating Regime ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Operation Conditions ◽  
Linearly Polarized ◽  
Dense Electron Beam

Employing laser wigglers and accelerators provides the potential to dramatically cut the size and cost of X-ray light sources. Owing to recent technological developments in the production of high-brilliance electron beams and high-power laser pulses, it is now conceivable to make steps toward the practical realisation of laser-pumped X-ray free-electron lasers (FELs). In this regard, here the head-on collision of a relativistic dense electron beam with a linearly polarized laser pulse as a wiggler is studied, in which the laser wiggler can be realised using a conventional quantum laser. In addition, an external guide magnetic field is employed to confine the electron beam against self-fields, therefore improving the FEL operation. Conditions allowing such an operating regime are presented and its relevant validity checked using a set of general scaling formulae. Rigorous analytical solutions of the dynamic equations are provided. These solutions are verified by performing calculations using the derived solutions and well known Runge–Kutta procedure to simulate the electron trajectories. The effects of self-fields on the FEL gain in this configuration are estimated. Numerical calculations indicate that in the presence of self-fields the sensitivity of the gain increases in the vicinity of resonance regions. Besides, diamagnetic and paramagnetic effects of the wiggler-induced self-magnetic field cause gain decrement and enhancement for different electron orbits, while these diamagnetic and paramagnetic effects increase with increasing beam density. The results are compared with findings of planar magnetostatic wiggler FELs.

Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Hydroxylapatite by Reaction Precipitation in Impinging Streams

2010 ◽  
Vol 160-162 ◽  
pp. 1301-1308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Yuan ◽  
Yuan Wu ◽  
Qi Xin Zheng ◽  
Xiao Lin Xie
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Synthesis And Characterization ◽  
Preparation Process ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Excellent Performance ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Operation Conditions ◽  
Transmission Electron

Hydroxylapatite(HAP) nano-whiskers are prepared by reaction-precipitation in the submerged circulative impinging stream reactor(SCISR), with (NH4)2HPO4 and Ca(NO3)2 as the reagents; and the products are characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results TEM measured indicate that the product prepared under typical operation conditions is average-sized 15nm and 50-70nm long. Multiply repeated experiments illustrates that, because of the excellent performance of the reactor, the preparation process can be easily controlled to yield nano rod/whisker hydroxylapatite with very narrow size distribution.

New Wear-Resistant Metastable Strain Hardenable Alloyed Cast Irons

2010 ◽  
Vol 457 ◽  
pp. 267-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleksandr P. Cheiliakh ◽  
Irina V. Kolodyazhna
Keyword(s):  
Abrasive Wear ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Superficial Layer ◽  
Cast Irons ◽  
Wear Resistant ◽  
Iron And Steel ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Operation Conditions ◽  
Alloyed Cast ◽  
Similar Materials

This work addresses an urgent problem which is saving alloying elements (Ni, Mo, Nb, V, W and others) -which very scarce in Ukraine and other countries- while increasing the physical, mechanical and operational properties of the new designed and developed wear-resistant cast irons. Optical microscopy, x-ray structure analysis, transmission and scanning (fracture) electron microscopy methods, different-thermal, magnetometric and x-ray analyses, as well as hardness and micro-hardness tests, impact energy, and abrasive wear tests in environments of cast-iron shots were employed in the research. The work summarizes the controlling conditions for forming various metastable phases by including deformation (or strain) induced phase transformation (DIPT) and through realization in the process of testing. New wear-resistant economical alloyed cast irons with a metastable austenite-carbide and austenite-martensite-carbide structure are developed, which are being strain- hardened under impact-abrasive wearing operation conditions due to the realization of process DIPT in the superficial layer. These new cast irons are intended for manufacturing parts of different equipment (protective plates of sinter machines, furnaces, tracks for transferring raw materials at iron and steel works, etc.). These cast irons do not contain expensive and deficit alloying components, like nickel, molybdenum, vanadium, and more expensive similar materials. Simultaneously they possess enhanced impact-abrasive wear resistance.

Photocatalytic Degradation of Reactive Brilliant Blue KN-R by N, Fe- TiO2/FFA

2011 ◽  
Vol 183-185 ◽  
pp. 2028-2031
Author(s):  
Gui Rong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Ph Value ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Dip Coating ◽  
Brilliant Blue ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
First Order ◽  
Operation Conditions ◽  
First Order Kinetics ◽  
Fe Ions

TiO2 photocatalyst modified by N and Fe ions was loaded on self-made fly ash forming adsorbent (FFA) using the sol-gel dip-coating process. The crystal structure and photoadsorption ability was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and UV-Vis spectrophotometer, respectively. The photo catalytic degradation of Reactive Brilliant Blue KN-R using N, Fe-TiO2/FFA was examined. Effects of initial dye concentration, pH value and hydrogen peroxide dosage on degradation were studied. The degradation of the organic molecule followed a pseudo-first-order kinetics according to the Langmuir model. Under the optimum operation conditions, 30 mg/L KN-R could be decolorized over 97.47% within 75 min.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document