Non-Destructive Electronic Sorting of Metals for Physical Properties

2009 ◽  
pp. 89-89-10
Author(s):  
F Förster
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Non Destructive

scholarly journals Prediction of Stress–Strain Curves Based on Hydric Non-Destructive Tests on Sandstones

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (20) ◽  
pp. 3366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Ludovico-Marques ◽  
Carlos Chastre
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Mechanical Behavior ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Analytical Model ◽  
Strain Curve ◽  
Low Pressure ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Compression Tests ◽  
Stress Strain ◽  
Non Destructive

The study of the mechanical behavior of building stones is traditionally supported by destructive compression tests carried out on representative specimens. However, in order to respect the monuments’ integrity, the study of the mechanical behavior of stones can be based mostly on physical properties obtained from non-destructive tests (NDT). For this study, a simple and cheap NDT—water absorption under low pressure—was used to carry out fast surveys and to predict the most important design parameters of loadbearing masonry, among which are the compressive strength, strain at failure, and even elastic modulus on monument blocks. The paper presents the results of the experimental work conducted to obtain the physical properties and stress–strain curves of the sandstones tested. Supported by these results, it was possible to correlate the various parameters and develop an analytical model that predicts the stress–strain curve of the sandstones based on water absorption under low pressure tests. A good agreement is observed between the analytical model and the experimental tests.

Acoustical Parameters: Aqueous Solution of Borassus Flabellifier Fruit Pulp by Non Destructive Method

2011 ◽  
Vol 312-315 ◽  
pp. 358-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhaktdarshan Shrivastava ◽  
A. Mishra ◽  
Sushil Phadke
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Ultrasonic Wave ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Isentropic Compressibility ◽  
Ultrasonic Waves ◽  
Fruit Pulp ◽  
Acoustical Parameters ◽  
Liquid Systems ◽  
Non Destructive

The change in the wavelength of ultrasonic waves in different medium is due to the elastic properties and the induced particles vibrations in the medium. The study of propagation of ultrasonic wave in liquid systems and solids is now rather well established. Ultrasonic waves are an effective means for examining and analyzing certain physical properties of the materials. It is universally adopted to examine the changes in such physical properties while they occur. In the present study authors are analyzed aqueous solutions of 'Borassus Flabellifier' fruit pulp, which is available in Western part of MP (Dhar-Jhabua Districts) India, at various concentrations have been experimentally determined by using Non Destructive technique (NDT). Some values of acoustical parameters such as intermolecular free length (Lf), Acoustic impedance (Z), and Isentropic compressibility (βs), were computed with the viewpoint importance and applicability in asserting the interactions. These solutions are known for their natural ingredients in pharmaceutical activity as anti-diabetic, pain killing & temperature reducing. In this paper, authors are reported. Ultrasonic wave velocities in a aqueous solution of Borassus Flabellifier fruit pulp at different concentrations using Multi frequency Ultrasonic interferometer Model M-81 S.

scholarly journals Non-destructive Techniques to Assess Mechanical and Physical Properties of Soft Calcarenitic Stones

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 35-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilia Vasanelli ◽  
Maria Sileo ◽  
Angela Calia ◽  
Maria Antonietta Aiello
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Mechanical And Physical Properties ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Non Destructive Techniques

Characterization of Silicate Ceramics Using Ultrasonics Test Method

2014 ◽  
Vol 92 ◽  
pp. 194-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Semra Kurama ◽  
Elif Eren Gültekin
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Ultrasonic Test ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Non Destructive Testing ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Non Destructive

Non-destructive testing techniques are widely used for testing ceramic materials. In our studies, two different types of ultrasonic test methods (A-scan and C-Scan) were investigated as non-destructive testing methods for characterization of porcelain tiles. Tiles were sintered in different temperatures to change their porosity and density properties. By changing of ultrasonic time and velocity related with samples’ some physical properties (such as bulk density, apparent density, apparent porosity (%), water absorption (%)) inspected via contact A-scan ultrasonic test method. The results show that without necessity of traditional test methods, some physical properties of ceramics can be determined by using obtained ultrasonic velocity-bulk density, apparent density, apparent porosity (%) and water absorption (%) calibration plots. Additionally, various defects were inspected in samples by using water immersion ultrasonic C-scan method. These results supported this study to obtain the information about defects’ size and place in the ceramic tiles. To support this non-destructive method results scanning electron microscope (SEM) characterization was done and images give the information about the place of the defect.

scholarly journals Non-destructive methods of control of thermo-physical properties of fuel rods

2017 ◽  
Vol 781 ◽  
pp. 012051
Author(s):  
A B Kruglov ◽  
V B Kruglov ◽  
V S Kharitonov ◽  
P G Struchalin ◽  
A G Galkin
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Fuel Rods ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Thermo Physical Properties ◽  
Destructive Methods ◽  
Methods Of Control

Rapid and Simple Determination of Oil and Urea Concentrations and Solids Content to Monitor Biodegradation Conditions of Wastewater Discharged from a Biodiesel Fuel Production Plant

2007 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ken-Ichiro Suehara ◽  
Kazuo Owari ◽  
Jiro Kohda ◽  
Yasuhisa Nakano ◽  
Takuo Yano
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Biodiesel Fuel ◽  
Drying Methods ◽  
Production Plant ◽  
Sample Number ◽  
Solids Content ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Sample Set ◽  
Calibration Equations

To prepare and maintain the optimal biodegradation conditions of wastewater discharged from a biodiesel fuel (BDF) production process with alkali–catalysis transesterification, rapid and simple methods were investigated to measure oil (carbon source of microorganisms) and urea (nitrogen source) concentrations and solids content (indicator of growth inhibition of microorganism) of the wastewater. Two non-destructive methods were investigated. First, physical properties of the BDF wastewater such as electric conductivity (EC), specific gravity (Sp.Gr.) and Brix values were measured and the values were analysed with multiple liner regression (MLR). Only solids content could be predicted by measured physical properties. However, adjustment of the C/N ratio of the BDF wastewater was also necessary to prepare the optimal condition for the microorganism growth in the wastewater treatment process. Therefore, near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy was applied to simultaneous, non-destructive and rapid measurement of the constituents of the wastewater. The dominant absorptions caused by oil, urea and solids material in the wastewater were observed at 1718, 2154 and 2286 nm, respectively. These were used as the first wavelength to formulate calibration equations, a MLR analysis was carried out between the NIR spectral data and the values of conventional analyses, such as hexane extraction, enzymatic and oven-drying methods, in the calibration sample set (sample number, n = 50). To validate the calibration equations obtained, the predicted values of the oil, urea and solids in the validation sample set ( n = 40), which was not used for formulating the calibration equations, were calculated using the calibration equations. Good agreement was observed between the values of the conventional analyses and the values predicted using NIR; the multiple correlation coefficients of determination ( r2) for the validation equations for oil, solids and urea were 0.993, 0.877 and 0.960, respectively. Prediction of the solids content of the BDF wastewater using EC and Brix values is also possible with the handy EC and Brix meters which are inexpensive and easy to handle. However, these do not allow total management of the BDF production and BDF wastewater treatment processes. On the other hand, the NIR method is potentially suitable for automated process management of a BDF wastewater treatment system.

Relationships between wood properties of small clear specimens and structural-sized boards in three softwood species

Holzforschung ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 73 (11) ◽  
pp. 987-996
Author(s):  
Luka Krajnc ◽  
Niall Farrelly ◽  
Annette M. Harte
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Wood Properties ◽  
Tree Level ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Mechanical And Physical Properties ◽  
Measured Property ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Mechanical Modulus

Abstract Research on the mechanical and physical properties of wood is commonly carried out on either small clear specimens or structural-sized boards. The first approach was more frequently utilized in the past, while the latter is more commonly used nowadays. However, there is very little information on how the two approaches relate with one another. This study aimed to quantify the relationships between the mechanical [modulus of elasticity (MOE) and bending strength] and physical properties (density) of both specimen sizes. A total of 1376 structural-sized boards from three different species (Douglas-fir, Norway spruce and Sitka spruce) were tested in bending, after which a small clear specimen was extracted from the undamaged portion of each board and re-tested in bending. Prior to destructive testing, all boards and clear specimens were evaluated using non-destructive technology. Poor-to-moderate relationships were found between all measured mechanical and physical properties of structural-sized timber and small clear specimens. In both specimen sizes, the properties correlated with one another within the same specimen size, as well as across the two sizes. The strength of correlations appears to be somewhat species dependent. Relatively good relationships were identified when comparing the mean tree values of the properties examined, suggesting either method can be used for a tree-level comparison. The non-destructive evaluation of specimens was shown to reflect the measured properties moderately well, with the relationships changing significantly depending on which measured property was being predicted.

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