Predictive Tools for Coolant Development: An Accelerated Aging Procedure for Modeling Fleet Test Results

2009 ◽  
pp. 113-113-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
AV Gershun ◽  
WC Mercer
Keyword(s):  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Predictive Tools

PV Module Technology and Reliability – Status and Perspectives

Green ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wirth Harry ◽  
Ferrara Claudio
Keyword(s):  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Certification Testing ◽  
Pv Module ◽  
Type Approval ◽  
Laboratory Results ◽  
The Common ◽  
Module Efficiency ◽  
Product Costs

AbstractSolar cell processing into modules is mostly responsible for the product's reliability, has a severe impact on product costs and controls 10–15% of its efficiency. This article gives an overview on current module technology and highlights innovative approaches to reduce material cost and increase module efficiency. High potential approaches like back contact technology are those that simultaneously address cell and module technology to offer efficiency gains in the range of 10%.Module reliability expectations of 25 years or more require quality assurance beyond the common type approval standards. In its second part, the article addresses stress factors for PV modules. To ensure fast innovation cycles, accelerated aging tests are used to reproduce these stress factors in the laboratory. Results from certification testing are discussed as well as new approaches for improved testing. More realistic test results can be obtained by simulating combinations of stress factors.

scholarly journals Influence of Cable Temperature Rise on PDC Method Test Results of Water Tree Aged Cables

2021 ◽  
Vol 261 ◽  
pp. 01025
Author(s):  
Jin Ming Guo ◽  
Fei Feng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Loss ◽  
Temperature Rise ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Depolarization Current ◽  
Strong Polarization ◽  
Water Tree ◽  
Electrode Method ◽  
Test Result

There is a certain temperature rise in the field running cable because of the load bearing. To study the influence of cable temperature rise on the polarization and depolarization current (PDC) method, 10kV XLPE short cables were accelerated aging three months by water needle electrode method, and the PDC method was used to test the new and aged cables under constant humidity. The polarization and depolarization current of the cable samples was analyzed, and the conductivity and low frequency dielectric loss spectra were obtained and inspected. The results show that: in the experiment selected test temperature, the change laws of conductivity of the new and aged cables are the same, and the conductivity gradually rose after a slight drop in 40 °C; in the dielectric loss spectrum, the polarization of the new sample is low and the polarization loss changes little with temperature, and the dielectric loss is mainly affected by the conductivity, so the test result is clearly divided into two regions. And water tree aged samples have strong polarization and are obviously affected by temperature, so their low frequency dielectric loss showed the trend of first rising and then decreasing and the maximum appeared at 60 °C.

scholarly journals Controlled Deterioration and Accelerated Aging Tests to Estimate the Relative Storage Potential of Cucurbit Seed Lots

HortScience ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 1544-1548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Demir ◽  
Kazim Mavi
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Aluminum Foil ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Accelerated Aging Test ◽  
Aging Test ◽  
Radicle Emergence ◽  
Controlled Deterioration

The laboratory germination (radicle emergence) percentages of 9 watermelon, 12 melon, and 7 cucumber seed lots were tested after storing in relatively adverse storage conditions of 25 °C and 12% mc for 6, 12, and 18 months in sealed aluminum foil packets. The laboratory germination (radicle emergence) of lots was determined after controlled deterioration (CD) at 45 °C with 20% or 24% moisture content (mc) for 48, 72, 96, 120, and 144 h. The accelerated aging test (AA) was conducted at 45 °C for the same aging periods. A number of seed lots was dead by 12 and 18 months in watermelon and cucumber, respectively. Various combinations of test regimens were found to be correlated with laboratory germination after 6 months storage, but the most consistent regimens for AA tests was 96 h at 45 °C in all species (r = 0.71 to 0.98). In the CD tests, 72 h with 20% mc at 45 °C gave the best correlation (r = 0.86 to 0.96). These conditions of highest correlation were observed after laboratory germination after 6 months storage and are suggested as good predictors of storage life in cucurbit seed lots. The initial standard germination before storage was also significantly correlated with seed longevity, but the correlation coefficient was generally lower (r = 0.60 to 0.83) than the AA and CD test results and separation of lots less clear.

scholarly journals Tensile strength analysis of aramid fabric of firefighter’s clothing after accelerated aging and abrasion

2018 ◽  
Vol 247 ◽  
pp. 00052
Author(s):  
Renata Kamocka-Bronisz
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Uv Radiation ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Strength Analysis ◽  
Xenon Lamp ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Personal Protection ◽  
Safety Level ◽  
Textile Fabrics

A firefighter’s clothing as a personal protection used during rescue actions needs to fulfil several requirements in order to provide the optimum safety level. Author made an attempt to evaluate durability of the selected aramid material used as an outer layer of firefighter’s clothing. Verification of material’s durability was performed based on the tensile strength studies of the raw sample of material, and material subjected to accelerated aging in the chamber with xenon lamp and by Martindale’s abrasion cycles. The tensile tests were carried out in accordance with PN-EN ISO 13934-1:2013-07 standard, which specifies procedure to determine the maximum force of textile fabrics using a strip method.The test results show a decrease in the tensile strength of a fabric exposed to UV radiation and after abrasion cycles. In case of material exposure to UV radiation for 100 and 200 hours, reduction of strength by 34 and 48% was observed, respectively. Analysing the results obtained during the tensile testing of the material, which was subjected to abrasion in cycles of 20,000 and 40,000, the strength level decreased by 52 and 80%, respectively.

Accelerated aging test of hydrogenated nitrile butadiene rubber using the time–temperature–strain superposition principle

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (109) ◽  
pp. 90178-90183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhongmeng Zhu ◽  
Chengkai Jiang ◽  
Qian Cheng ◽  
Jianwei Zhang ◽  
Shaoyun Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Strain ◽  
Superposition Principle ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Accelerated Aging Test ◽  
Aging Test ◽  
Temperature Strain

The long-term (~550 days) degradation of fracture strain of HNBR under the reference condition of 60 °C @ zero strain can be predicted using the time–temperature–strain superposition principle with the short-term (<10 days) test results.

scholarly journals Vigor Tests to Estimate Seedling Emergence Potential and Longevity in Viola Seed Lots

HortScience ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 402-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Demir ◽  
Tuba Celikkol ◽  
Golge Sarıkamıs ◽  
Ceren Eksi
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Germination Time ◽  
Mean Germination Time ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Better Than

A study was made of the relationship among accelerated aging (AA), saturated salt accelerated aging (SSAA), mean germination time and second day germination percentage vigor tests, and seedling emergence and longevity storage at 5 and 25 °C for 6 and 12 months. Initial germination was above 80% for all seed lots. Seedling emergence values varied between 21% and 94% and mean emergence time between 6.5 and 11.0 days among seed lots. The SSAA test correlated with emergence better than the AA test. All combinations of SSAA temperatures (41, 43, and 45 °C for 72 h) were correlated to emergence (r = 0.95 to 0.98, P < 0.001) and emergence rate (r = 0.90 to 0.94, P < 0.001). Seed germination after 6 months of storage ranged between 21% and 98% at 5 °C and 26% and 100% at 25 °C. Corresponding values were 19% and 98% and 15% and 89% after 12 months. All combinations of AA and SSAA were related to longevity of seed lots, but significance for SSAA was higher (above P < 0.01) than AA (P < 0.05). In both tests, a higher aging temperature reduced the significance level. Mean germination time and second day germination percentages also predicted seedling emergence and longevity (P < 0.05 in all cases). Standard germination percentages were successful in predicting seedling emergence (P < 0.05), but with one exception failed to predict (P > 0.05) longevity in viola seed lots. In conclusion, although both aging tests successfully differentiated seed quality, SSAA test results better predict emergence and longevity of viola seed lots.

scholarly journals Physiological quality of soybean seeds of cultivars submitted to harvesting delay and its association with seedling emergence in the field

2013 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fábio Oliveira Diniz ◽  
Múcio Silva Reis ◽  
Luiz Antônio dos Santos Dias ◽  
Eduardo Fontes Araújo ◽  
Tuneo Sediyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Accelerated Aging Test ◽  
Aging Test ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
The Relationship

With the aim of studying the relationship between the physiological quality of soybean seeds submitted to three harvest times and seedling emergence in the field, seeds of cultivars UFV-16, Splendor, Vencedora, Confiança, UFV-18, UFV-TN 105, Garantia and Celeste were harvested at stages R8, R8+15 and R8+30 days. The following tests were performed: accelerated aging, electrical conductivity, emergence in sand, emergence speed index and seedling emergence in the field. Germination and vigor were reduced in seeds harvested at 30 days after stage R8 in all the tests, except for the accelerated aging test, which showed a decline in vigor seeds harvested with a delay of 15 days. Seeds of cultivars UFV-16, Confiança and Garantia showed lower physiological quality in most tests, while the seeds of cultivar Celeste had higher physiological quality than the others. There was similarity between the test results of seed quality and seedling emergence in the field.

Aging Behaviors of Natural Rubber in Isolation Bearings

2010 ◽  
Vol 163-167 ◽  
pp. 3343-3347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Sheng Gu ◽  
Yoshito Itoh
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Acid Rain ◽  
Thermal Oxidation ◽  
Salt Water ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Significant Drop ◽  
Degradation Factor

This paper attempts to reveal the aging behaviors of natural rubber (NR) used in isolation bearings. Using various degradation factors like thermal oxidation, ultraviolet, ozone, low temperature ozone, salt water and acid rain, a series of environmental accelerated aging tests were conducted to investigate the aging characteristics. From the test results, it was clarified that the thermal oxidation is the dominant degradation factor, which hardens the rubbers and results in a significant drop of performance. This study is fundamental to predicting the lifecycle of NR isolation bearings.

scholarly journals 547 - BDNF and cognitive function in Alzheimer’s disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. 89-89
Author(s):  
Alena Sidenkova
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Mild Dementia ◽  
Pronounced Decrease ◽  
Men 2 ◽  
Moderate Dementia ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Relevance:Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative pathology that develops mainly in elderly and senile people.Disruption of BDNF transport or suppression of its production appears to be typical for people of old age. Objective: To investigate the influence of Alzheimer’s disease on the secretion of brain factors and correlate with neuropsychological profiles.Material and methods of research:12 men (2) and women (10) with Alzheimer’s disease were examined. The average age of the subjects was 76.25 + 4.89. Methods: MMSE, ADAS-COG, laboratory - BDNF was performed using the G7611 BDNF Emax (R) ImmunoAssaySystem 5 x 96 wells, BDNF Emax® Immunological test.Results:2 patients have mild dementia, 8 patients have moderate dementia, 2 patients have severe dementia. The average age of patients with mild dementia was 72.0 + 1.0. The average MMSE score is 16.7 + 3.4. Correlation analysis showed a close relationship between a pronounced decrease in memory in memory tests (ADAS-COG) and a pronounced decrease in blood BDNF content (r = 0.676). A close statistically significant relationship was found between a low result of the recognition test and a low blood BDNF content (r = 0.598).Conclusion:we assume that blood BDNF is a marker of pathologically accelerated aging of the central nervous system, since low test results for mnestic function are an indicator of severe degeneration in Alzheimer’s disease.

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