Crack Growth Resistance Curves (R-Curves)- Literature Review

2009 ◽  
pp. 3-3-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
RH Heyer
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Crack Growth ◽  
Crack Growth Resistance ◽  
Resistance Curves

scholarly journals Evaluation of ductile tearing for API-5L X70 pipeline grade steel using SENT specimens

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Nicholas Ohms ◽  
Diego Belato Rosado ◽  
Wim De Waele
Keyword(s):  
Crack Growth ◽  
Crack Extension ◽  
Crack Growth Resistance ◽  
Fracture Surfaces ◽  
Edge Notch ◽  
Resistance Curves ◽  
Unloading Compliance ◽  
Inner Diameter ◽  
Tearing Resistance ◽  
Hardness Map

Pipelines in harsh environments may be subjected to large deformations. Classic stress-based design needs to be complemented with strain-based design. An important parameter in the design is the crack growth resistance. SENT testing (Single Edge Notch Tension) allows to determine the so-called material’s tearing resistance curve. Very recently the first standard on SENT testing, BS 8571:2014, has been published. SENT testing is however still subject to extensive research and different approaches with respect to eg. notch placement, crack extension measurement and analysis exist. In this paper two methods for calculating crack extension based on the unloading compliance procedure are used and compared, proving that they show little difference. This is performed on an API-5L X70 steel grade and this for different configurations, namely an inner diameter notch and a through thickness notch. The results showed little difference between the different configurations, although the inner diameter showed higher crack growth resistance. Furthermore, the results are compared to visual observations of the fracture surfaces and a hardness map. The fracture surfaces corresponded to the obtained resistance curves. However, no real correlation between the hardness map and the other results could be seen.

Applicability of SE(T) and SE(B) Fracture Specimens in Crack Growth Measurements of Pipeline Girth Welds

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo L. S. Mathias ◽  
Gustavo H. B. Donato ◽  
Claudio Ruggieri
Keyword(s):  
Crack Growth ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Pipeline Steel ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Crack Growth Resistance ◽  
X80 Pipeline Steel ◽  
Fixed Amount ◽  
Resistance Curves ◽  
Girth Welds

This work presents an investigation of the ductile tearing properties for a girth weld made of an API 5L X80 pipeline steel using experimentally measured crack growth resistance curves (J-Δa curves). Use of these materials is motivated by the increasing demand in the number of applications for manufacturing high strength pipes for the oil and gas industry including marine applications and steel catenary risers. Testing of the pipeline girth welds utilized side-grooved, clamped SE(T) specimens and 3P bend SE(B) specimens with a weld centerline notch to determine the crack growth resistance curves based upon the unloading compliance (UC) method using a single specimen technique. The shallow-crack SE(B) specimen provides an R-curve which, albeit slightly more conservative, exhibits levels of J-values which are relatively comparable to the levels of J corresponding to the deeply-cracked SE(T) specimen at a fixed amount of crack growth, Δa. This experimental characterization provides additional toughness data which serve to evaluate crack growth resistance properties of pipeline girth welds using SE(T) and SE(B) specimens with weld centerline cracks.

scholarly journals Numerical Investigation of Strength Mismatch Effect on Ductile Crack Growth Resistance in Welding Pipe

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 1374
Author(s):  
Lin Su ◽  
Jie Xu ◽  
Wei Song ◽  
Lingyu Chu ◽  
Hanlin Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crack Growth ◽  
Fracture Resistance ◽  
Crack Growth Resistance ◽  
Ductile Crack ◽  
Single Edge ◽  
Crack Tip Opening Displacement ◽  
Opening Displacement ◽  
Ductile Crack Growth ◽  
Welding Pipe ◽  
Resistance Curves

The effect of strength mismatch (ratio between the yield stress of weld metal and base metal, My) on the ductile crack growth resistance of welding pipe was numerically analyzed. The ductile fracture behavior of welding pipe was determined while using the single edge notched bending (SENB) and single edge notched tension (SENT) specimens, as well as axisymmetric models of circumferentially cracked pipes for comparison. Crack growth resistance curves (as denoted by crack tip opening displacement-resistance (CTOD-R curve) have been computed using the complete Gurson model. A so-called CTOD-Q-M formulation was proposed to calculate the weld mismatch constraint M. It has been shown that the fracture resistance curves significantly increase with the increase of the mismatch ratio. As for SENT and pipe, the larger My causes the lower mismatch constraint M, which leads to the higher fracture toughness and crack growth resistance curves. When compared with the standard SENB, the SENT specimen and the cracked pipe have a more similar fracture resistance behavior. The results present grounds for justification of usage of SENT specimens in fracture assessment of welding cracked pipes as an alternative to the traditional conservative SENB specimens.

Evaluation of Crack Growth Resistance Curves for Pipeline Steels Using Constraint Designed Fracture Specimens

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Cravero ◽  
Claudio Ruggieri
Keyword(s):  
Crack Growth ◽  
Estimation Procedure ◽  
Standard Test ◽  
Crack Growth Resistance ◽  
Test Procedures ◽  
Pipeline Steels ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Resistance Curves ◽  
Unloading Compliance ◽  
Fracture Specimens

This work provides an estimation procedure to determine J-resistance curves for SE(T) fracture specimens using the unloading compliance technique and the eta-method. In the present study, attention is directed to pin-loaded SE(T) specimens with varying geometry and crack sizes but representative solutions are also included for clamped SE(T) specimens. A summary of the methodology upon which J and crack extension are derived sets the necessary framework to determine crack resistance data from the measured load vs. displacement curves. The extensive plane-strain analyses enable numerical estimates of the nondimensional compliance, μ, and parameters η and γ for a wide range of specimen geometries and material properties characteristic of structural and pipeline steels. Laboratory testing of an API 5L X60 steel at room temperature using pin-loaded SE(T) specimens with side-grooves provide the load-displacement data needed to validate the estimation procedure for measuring the crack growth resistance curve for the material. The results presented here produce a representative set of solutions which lend further support to develop standard test procedures for constraint-designed SE(T) specimens applicable in measurements of crack growth resistance for pipelines.

Key curve analysis of crack-growth-resistance curves

1982 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. -H. Lin ◽  
A. R. Rosenfield
Keyword(s):  
Crack Growth ◽  
Crack Growth Resistance ◽  
Curve Analysis ◽  
Resistance Curves
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