Soil Studies for Seismic Design of San Francisco Transbay Tube

2009 ◽  
pp. 138-138-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
EG Aisiks ◽  
IW Tarshansky
Keyword(s):  
San Francisco ◽  
Seismic Design

The Public's Role in Seismic Design Provisions

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 1345-1361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Davis ◽  
Keith Porter
Keyword(s):  
San Francisco ◽  
Seismic Design ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Large Earthquake ◽  
The United States ◽  
Community Action ◽  
Seismic Safety ◽  
The Public ◽  
New Buildings ◽  
Civil Engineers

Seismic design provisions in the United States reflect structural engineers’ experience, technical capabilities, and judgment of what is in the public's interest. Yet the American Society of Civil Engineers’ (ASCE) Code of Ethics implicitly requires civil engineers to make a reasonable effort to elicit and reflect the preferences of the public, whose lives and livelihoods are at stake, when setting performance objectives. The public seems capable of expressing its preferences clearly, as suggested by the San Francisco Community Action Plan for Seismic Safety and the residential code enhancement adopted by Moore, Oklahoma. And at least one public opinion survey suggests that people in earthquake country prefer better performance than the code intends for new buildings, namely, that buildings should largely remain functional or habitable after a large earthquake. The public also seems willing to pay more for new buildings that meet its expectations.

Cyclic Behavior of Large Beam-Column Assemblies

1985 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Egor P. Popov ◽  
Navin R. Amin ◽  
Jason J. C. Louie ◽  
Roy M. Stephen
Keyword(s):  
San Francisco ◽  
Seismic Design ◽  
Cyclic Behavior ◽  
Steel Buildings ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Moment Resisting ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
Story Building ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Large Moment

A series of experiments were conducted in order to verify the design criteria for beam-column joints under extreme seismic conditions for a 47-story building in San Francisco. The half-scale cruciform specimens were exceptionally large requiring 18 in. deep sections. The overall size of the specimens was the largest ever tested in the U.S. for this kind of application. The data on the behavior of such large moment-resisting joints under severe cyclic loading are very limited. The experimental evidence clearly supports the use of stiffeners and doubler plates at the joints for the cross-sectional geometries tested. The results are of direct relevance to seismic design of many steel buildings.

scholarly journals Toward functional recovery performance in the seismic design of modern tall buildings

2021 ◽  
pp. 875529302110336
Author(s):  
Carlos Molina Hutt ◽  
Anne M Hulsey ◽  
Preetish Kakoty ◽  
Greg G Deierlein ◽  
Alireza Eksir Monfared ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ground Motion ◽  
San Francisco ◽  
Seismic Design ◽  
Structural Damage ◽  
Tall Buildings ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Life Safety ◽  
Recovery Times ◽  
The Impact

Current building code requirements for seismic design are primarily intended to minimize life-safety risks due to structural damage under extreme earthquakes. While tall buildings designed under current standards are expected to achieve the life-safety goal, this study estimates that they may require up to 7.5 months of repair to return to functionality after a design-level earthquake (roughly equivalent to ground motion shaking with a 10% probability of exceedance in 50 years), and over 1 year after a risk-targeted maximum considered earthquake (roughly equivalent to ground motion shaking with a 2%–4% chance of exceedance in 50 years). These long downtimes, which correspond to median predictions, far exceed recovery goals for major employers and other recovery-critical uses and can have disproportionately harmful effects on businesses and residents. To address such extensive downtime risks, we evaluate the impact of recovery-based design guidelines for reducing recovery times through (1) more stringent drift limits under expected ground motions and (2) measures to mitigate externalities that impede recovery. The results suggest that by combining these strategies, expected recovery times following a design-level earthquake can be reduced to roughly 1 month, and to 2 months following a risk-targeted maximum considered earthquake. These findings are illustrated for an archetype 42-story reinforced concrete shear wall residential building and a 40-story steel buckling-restrained braced frame office building in San Francisco, CA.

Seismic Design of the Self Anchored Suspension San Francisco Oakland Bay Bridge

2014 ◽  
Vol 102 (21) ◽  
pp. 1307-1314
Author(s):  
Marwan Nader ◽  
James Duxbury ◽  
Brian Maroney
Keyword(s):  
San Francisco ◽  
Seismic Design ◽  
The Self

Ultrastructural Localization of Antigens by Capillary Action Immunocytochemistry

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 40-41
Author(s):  
László G. Kömüves
Keyword(s):  
San Francisco ◽  
Colloidal Gold ◽  
Specific Binding ◽  
Ultrastructural Localization ◽  
Ultrastructural Level ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
Adhesive Tape ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Capillary Action ◽  
Rabbit Igg

Light microscopic immunohistochemistry based on the principle of capillary action staining is a widely used method to localize antigens. Capillary action immunostaining, however, has not been tested or applied to detect antigens at the ultrastructural level. The aim of this work was to establish a capillary action staining method for localization of intracellular antigens, using colloidal gold probes.Post-embedding capillary action immunocytochemistry was used to detect maternal IgG in the small intestine of newborn suckling piglets. Pieces of the jejunum of newborn piglets suckled for 12 h were fixed and embedded into LR White resin. Sections on nickel grids were secured on a capillary action glass slide (100 μm wide capillary gap, Bio-Tek Solutions, Santa Barbara CA, distributed by CMS, Houston, TX) by double sided adhesive tape. Immunolabeling was performed by applying reagents over the grids using capillary action and removing reagents by blotting on filter paper. Reagents for capillary action staining were from Biomeda (Foster City, CA). The following steps were performed: 1) wet the surface of the sections with automation buffer twice, 5 min each; 2) block non-specific binding sites with tissue conditioner, 10 min; 3) apply first antibody (affinity-purified rabbit anti-porcine IgG, Sigma Chem. Co., St. Louis, MO), diluted in probe diluent, 1 hour; 4) wash with automation buffer three times, 5 min each; 5) apply gold probe (goat anti-rabbit IgG conjugated to 10 nm colloidal gold, Zymed Laboratories, South San Francisco, CA) diluted in probe diluent, 30 min; 6) wash with automation buffer three times, 5 min each; 7) post-fix with 5% glutaraldehyde in PBS for 10 min; 8) wash with PBS twice, 5 min each; 9) contrast with 1% OSO4 in PBS for 15 min; 10) wash with PBS followed by distilled water for5 min each; 11) stain with 2% uranyl acetate for 10 min; 12) stain with lead citrate for 2 min; 13) wash with distilled water three times, 1 min each. The glass slides were separated, and the grids were air-dried, then removed from the adhesive tape. The following controls were used to ensure the specificity of labeling: i) omission of the first antibody; ii) normal rabbit IgG in lieu of first antibody; iii) rabbit anti-porcine IgG absorbed with porcine IgG.

Game Changer

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lateef McLeod
Keyword(s):  
San Francisco ◽  
Mobile Technology ◽  
Technology Tools ◽  
Communication Challenges ◽  
Communication Needs ◽  
Game Changer

Abstract Individuals with significant communication challenges need to communicate across many different venues. The author, from the perspective of an individual who uses AAC, discusses the strengths and weaknesses of both traditional AAC technologies and new mobile AAC technologies. He describes how access to AAC has allowed him to fulfill his dreams as a presenter and writer. He successfully manages a blog in San Francisco, writes grants, and has published his first book of poetry. Not one AAC device fits all of his communication needs; however, access to mobile technology tools has increased his flexibility across environments and given him another successful tool for communication.

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