Deformation Modeling in Sodium Chloride at Intermediate and Elevated Temperatures

2009 ◽  
pp. 342-342-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Arieli ◽  
HC Heard ◽  
AK Mukherjee
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Elevated Temperatures

The salt-induced destacking of purine in aqueous sodium chloride systems and its implications on life at elevated temperatures

Biochemistry ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 15 (25) ◽  
pp. 5431-5435 ◽  
Author(s):  
George P. Kreishman ◽  
David A. Foss ◽  
Kimio Inoue ◽  
Leslie Leifer
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Aqueous Sodium

scholarly journals Diffusion and Osmotic Permeability of Ion Exchange Membrane MK-40 Using Sodium Chloride Solution

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Qader Gubari ◽  
Haider Mohammed Zwain ◽  
Nadezda Vyacheslavovna Alekseeva
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Permeability Coefficient ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Diffusion Permeability ◽  
Membrane Properties ◽  
Nacl Solution ◽  
Osmotic Permeability ◽  
Exchange Membrane ◽  
Over Time

Cation exchange membrane (MK-40) is a commercial membrane with a fixed group that is an important part of the electrodialysis (ED) process. Sodium chloride (NaCl) diffusion and osmotic permeability for MK-40 was studied. A cell containing two compartments was used to analyse the properties of the MK-40 membrane fixed between them. Furthermore, the influence of temperature, NaCl concentration, and operating time on MK-40 properties was investigated. The results showed that the highest diffusion permeability coefficient of NaCl was 7.37×10-9 (m2/s), and the maximum osmotic permeability coefficient of distilled water was 43.8×10-9 (m2/s) at NaCl solution concentration of 0.1 M and 50oC. Generally, the permeability was constant beyond 60 min of operational time. Additionally, the minimum diffusion permeability coefficients of the MK-40 membrane fell by about 22% over time when the concentration of NaCl solution was 1 M at 25oC. To conclude, membrane properties in the ED process depend on the two electrodes (a cathode and an anode), without the diffusion of salts particles. Meanwhile, the most important properties of cation exchange membranes (CEMs) used in electrodialysis are increased membrane efficiency when water and salts transport decrease through CEMs, which leads to a decrease in energy consumption. Thus, the MK-40 membrane showed a good properties due to its low diffusion permeability for concentrated NaCl solution at elevated temperatures and minimum reduction in diffusion permeability of concentrated NaCl solution over time.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF SODIUM CHLORIDE ON PHAGE FORMATION BY STAPHYLOCOCCI AT ELEVATED TEMPERATURES

1949 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 279-289
Author(s):  
J. Fong ◽  
A. P. Krueger
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Activation Test ◽  
Tryptose Phosphate Broth ◽  
Phage Titre ◽  
The Relationship

In experiments with the K strain of Staphylococcus aureus and the K race of bacteriophage suspended in tryptose phosphate broth and maintained at 42°C. it was found that the presence of 1 M NaCl produced certain drastic changes in the relationship between the host cells and the infecting virus: 1. Staphylococci grown at 42°C. in plain broth or in NaCl-broth are "activated," i.e. when growth is stopped by lowering the temperature to 5°C. and phage is added, the activity titre immediately displays a rise of 15- to 16-fold. 2. 1 M NaCl tends to prevent the sorption of phage by cocci and this effect is more pronounced at 42°C. than at 5°C. When the activation test is conducted at 5°C. (the usual temperature) most of the phage is picked up by the cells and the described increase in activity titre follows. If the test takes place at 42°C. there is little sorption and correspondingly little rise in phage titre. 3. Mixtures of staphylococci and phage incubated at 42°C. in NaCl-broth fail to produce phage; the final plaque and activity titres are identical with the initial titres. Here, also, the influence of 1 M NaCl in preventing contact of phage with cocci appears to account for the results. 4. Similar mixtures held at 42°C. in plain broth exhibit a drop of about 60 per cent in activity and plaque titres. The loss of phage may be due to adsorption on dead cells accumulating in the suspension or to the thermolability of the bacterium-phage complex, or to both.

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