Methodology for Evaluating Weight Savings from Basic Material Properties

2009 ◽  
pp. 328-328-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
JC Ekvall ◽  
JE Rhodes ◽  
GG Wald
Keyword(s):  
Material Properties ◽  
Basic Material

The Effect of Cross-Linking on Nano-Mechanical Properties of Polyamide

2016 ◽  
Vol 699 ◽  
pp. 37-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Ovsik ◽  
David Manas ◽  
Miroslav Manas ◽  
Michal Stanek ◽  
Martin Reznicek
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Surface Layer ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Basic Material ◽  
Nanoindentation Test ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Indentation Hardness ◽  
Depth Sensing ◽  
Nanomechanical Properties ◽  
Radiation Crosslinking

Radiation crosslinking of polyamidu 6 (PA 6) is a well-recognized modification of improving basic material characteristics. Radiation, which penetrated through specimens and reacted with the cross-linking agent, gradually formed cross-linking (3D net), first in the surface layer and then in the total volume, which resulted in considerable changes in specimen behaviour. This research paper deals with the possible utilization of irradiated PA6. The material already contained a special cross-linking agent TAIC (5 volume %), which should enable subsequent cross-linking by ionizing β – radiation (15, 30 and 45 kGy). The effect of the irradiation on mechanical behavior of the tested PA 6 was investigated. Material properties created by β – radiation are measured by nanoindentation test using the DSI method (Depth Sensing Indentation). Hardness increased with increasing dose of irradiation at everything samples; however results of nanoindentation test shows increasing in nanomechanical properties of surface layer. The highest values of nanomechanical properties were reached radiation dose of 45 kGy, when the nanomechanical values increased by about 95%. These results indicate advantage cross-linking of the improved mechanical properties.

Photocatalytic and Self-cleaning Properties of Titania Coatings Prepared by Inkjet Direct Patterning of a Reverse Micelles Sol-gel Composition

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Petr Dzik ◽  
Magdalena Morozová ◽  
Petr Klusoň ◽  
Michal Veselý
Keyword(s):  
Material Properties ◽  
Reverse Micelles ◽  
Degradation Rate ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Basic Material ◽  
Fatty Acid Degradation ◽  
Direct Patterning ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Titania Coatings ◽  
Gel Composition

AbstractAn optimized reverse micelles sol-gel composition was deposited by inkjet direct patterning onto glass supports. Experimental “material printer” Fujifilm Dimatix 2831 was used for sol patterning. Printing was repeated up to 4 times in wet-to-dry manner and photocatalytic coatings of various thickness were obtained after final thermal calcination. Basic material properties of prepared coating were studied by optical microscopy, electron and atomic force imaging, Raman, XRD and UV-VIS spectrometry. Photocatalytic activity was evaluated by dye and fatty acid degradation rate as well as photoinduced hydrophilic conversion rate. Reverse micelles proved to be viable synthetic route for the preparation of titania coatings with even structure and their compatibility with inkjet direct patterning deposition was demonstrated.

Reliability-Based Criteria for the Decision of the Compensation of Corroded Flexural Reinforcement

2016 ◽  
pp. 364-380
Author(s):  
Ashraf Ragab Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Reliability Index ◽  
Basic Material ◽  
Uniform Corrosion ◽  
Step Procedure ◽  
Load Carrying ◽  
Flexural Reinforcement ◽  
Current Loading

Corrosion of reinforcement is considered as the major cause of most deteriorated concrete structures. As reinforcement corrodes, the load carrying capacity is affected and hence, the probability of failure increases. At the time of inspection of deteriorated structures, engineers are faced with the problem whether the available steel is enough to secure the safety of the structural member. This chapter addresses this problem based on reliability-based approach to evaluate the safety of the deteriorated members due to uniform corrosion under bending. A methodology is proposed to facilitate the determination of the member reliability index based on basic material properties and current loading. A step-by-step procedure is proposed based on charts developed in this study according to the Egyptian code provisions.

Influence of Mechanical Stress at High Temperatures on the Properties of Steels Intended for the Manufacture of Fuel Cladding for Generation IV Reactors

2017 ◽  
Vol 270 ◽  
pp. 246-252
Author(s):  
Zbyněk Špirit ◽  
Michal Chocholoušek ◽  
Marek Šíma
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Stress ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Fracture Mechanism ◽  
Nuclear Reactors ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Basic Material ◽  
Oxide Dispersion ◽  
Fuel Cladding ◽  
Thin Walled ◽  
Miniature Specimens

This paper describes the testing of thin-walled tubes made of oxide dispersion-hardened steels based on yttrium oxides. Series of mechanical and metallographic tests were carried out on the steels to evaluate the basic material properties. These steels are the candidate materials for the manufacture of the fuel cladding for generation IV nuclear reactors. Mechanical tests were performed on miniature specimens of Fe-9Cr and Fe-14Cr steels at 20 °C, 500 °C, and 625 °C under vacuum. Metallographic, fractographic and EBSD analyses were used to describe microstructure and fracture mechanism of the tested materials.

Material Properties and Flaw Characteristics of Vintage Girth Welds

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Jia ◽  
Yong-Yi Wang ◽  
Steve Rapp
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Material Property ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Weld Strength ◽  
Basic Material ◽  
Essential Information ◽  
Integrity Assessment ◽  
Property Data ◽  
Girth Welds ◽  
Material Property Data

Abstract Vintage pipelines, which in the context of this paper refer to pipelines built before approximately 1970, account for a large portion of the energy pipeline systems in North America. Integrity assessment of these pipelines can sometimes present challenges due to incomplete records and lack of material property data. When material properties for the welds of interest are not available, conservative estimates based on past experience are typically used for the unknown material property values. Such estimates can be overly conservative, potentially leading to unnecessary remedial actions. This paper is a summary of PRCI-funded work aimed at characterizing material properties and flaw characteristics of vintage girth welds. The data obtained in this work can be utilized to understand and predict the behavior of vintage pipelines, which is covered in a companion paper [1]. The material property data generated in this work include (i) pipe base metal tensile properties in both the hoop (transverse) and the longitudinal (axial) directions, (ii) deposited weld metal tensile properties, (iii) macrohardness traverses, (iv) microhardness maps, and (v) Charpy impact transition curves of specimens with notches in the heat-affected zone (HAZ) and weld centerline (WCL). These data provide essential information for tensile strength, strength mismatch, and impact toughness. In addition to the basic material property data, instrumented cross-weld tensile (ICWT) tests were conducted on CWT specimens with no flaws, natural flaws, and artificially machined planar flaws. The ICWT tests provide an indication of the welds’ stress and strain capacity without and with flaws. For welds with even-matching or over-matching weld strengths, the CWT specimens usually failed outside of the weld region, even for specimens with natural flaws reported by non-destructive examination. Having over-matching weld strength can compensate for the negative impact of weld flaws. All tested girth welds were inspected using radiography and/or phased array ultrasonic testing. The inspection results are compared with the flaws exposed through destructive testing. The ability of these inspection methods to detect and size flaws in vintage girth welds is evaluated.

Basic Material Properties

2019 ◽  
pp. 33-60
Author(s):  
Raymond H. W. Lam ◽  
Weiqiang Chen
Keyword(s):  
Material Properties ◽  
Basic Material

Material Properties and Flaw Characteristics of Vintage Girth Welds

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kunal Kotian ◽  
Yong-Yi Wang
Keyword(s):  
Weld Metal ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Weld Strength ◽  
Basic Material ◽  
Additional Stress ◽  
Assessment Procedure ◽  
Essential Information ◽  
Integrity Assessment ◽  
Girth Welds

Integrity assessment of girth welds in in-service vintage pipelines is sometimes necessary, including regulatory requirements, changes in service or pipe support conditions which may cause additional stress on the girth welds, or “indications” being reported in in-line inspection (ILI). Material properties and flaw characteristics are essential in such assessment, but very little data are available in most cases. In a PRCI-funded effort, material properties and flaw characteristics of vintage girth welds are generated and analyzed to fill the critical gaps. The output of this effort is being used as the inputs to a vintage girth weld assessment procedure being developed in a separate and parallel effort. The outcome of these efforts collectively allows for the assessment of vintage girth welds, which is a part of an overall integrity management program. The basic material property data being generated include (i) pipe tensile properties in both hoop and longitudinal directions, (ii) weld metal tensile properties, (iii) macrohardness traverse, and (iv) Charpy impact transition curves with notches in the heat affected zone (HAZ) and deposited weld metal. These data provide essential information on tensile strength, weld strength mismatch, and toughness. In addition, tensile tests were conducted on cross-weld specimens with natural flaws and artificially machined planar flaws. These cross-weld tests provide an indication of the welds’ stress capacity in the presence of flaws. They also provide the apparent toughness which is essential in assessing welds’ tensile strain capacity. All tested girth welds were inspected using radiography and phased array UT. Thus, this work provides a coherent picture of the material properties, flaw characteristics, and stress and strain capacities of the tested vintage girth welds.

Design Methods of Pine Furniture

2012 ◽  
Vol 591-593 ◽  
pp. 34-39
Author(s):  
Li Hua Tang ◽  
Wen Jin Liu
Keyword(s):  
Material Properties ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Basic Structure ◽  
Fundamental Principle ◽  
Design Methods ◽  
Basic Material ◽  
Basic Design ◽  
Furniture Design ◽  
Design And Manufacturing ◽  
Shape Characteristics

Pine furniture is becoming increasingly popular among customers. With the aim of improving pine furniture design and manufacturing, this paper analyzes the basic material properties of pine, such as the color, the texture, the shape and the structure of its parts. The technical design methods for the framework, panel, and shelf structures are also discussed. The fundamental principle on the style and design method of pine furniture is summarized. The results show that the influence of the knots and flaws, the turpentine and moisture content, the paint decoration and colors, the textures and veins, the shape characteristics of furniture parts, the basic structure forms of furniture units, and the connection methods significantly great affects pine furniture design. According to the basic design principles and methods, designers can obtain fine pine furniture.

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