Quality Assurance of Graphite/Epoxy by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

Author(s):  
TA Sewell
Author(s):  
Qanita Rahmadhani ◽  
Fithriani Armin ◽  
Harrizul Rivai

Irbesartan is classified as an angiotensin II receptor antagonist. It is used in the treatment of diseases such as hypertension and diabetic nephropathy. It is available in single and combination forms in the market. Drug quality assurance needs to be done to ensure the quality and safety of drugs, one of the quality assurance that can be done by determining the level of medicine. This review provides an analytical method for determining irbesartan levels is collected from literature in the last ten years (2011-2020) through web sources such as Science Direct, Google Scholar, PubMed, Research Gate, and others with the search keyword ―Analysis of Irbesartan in Pharmaceutical Preparation and Biological Matrices‖ and ―Determination of Irbesartan." The methods reported for the analysis of irbesartan in bulk, pharmaceutical preparations, and biological matrices. The analysis method is used, such as spectrophotometry methods, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC). Overall, the most used method is high-performance liquid chromatography because not only to pharmaceutical preparations, this method can also be used for biological matrices samples that require a small amount of sample analysis.


Author(s):  
Rahma Yuni Safitri ◽  
Roslinda Rasyid ◽  
Regina Andayani ◽  
Harrizul Rivai

Clonidine is an α2-central agonist class of drugs widely used to treat cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension, heart attacks and help prevent strokes. The quality and safety of a drug preparation can be proven by testing the drug's quality assurance. In drug quality assurance, it is necessary to determine drug levels. Therefore, it is essential to look at the determination of clonidine levels in raw materials, mixtures, and pharmaceutical preparations. It is collecting data in this review article through trusted sites such as Google Scholar with the search keywords "clonidine hydrochloride," "clonidine analysis in pharmaceutical preparations" with a span of the last ten years (2010-2020). This review article aims to provide an overview of the various analytical techniques used to determine clonidine both in single substance form and in the pharmaceutical dosage form. Several analytical methods, such as UV-Visible spectrophotometry, potentiometry, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC), have been reported to determine clonidine in the form of raw materials, mixtures, and pharmaceutical preparations. Overall, the determination of clonidine levels has been carried out by various analytical methods, including spectrophotometry, potentiometry, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC). Analysis with the HPLC technique is widely used in research because it can detect samples with the lowest concentration. The HPLC-MS method has unique advantages and sensitivity in the analysis of clonidine in pharmaceutical preparations.


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