The Design of Optimum High Reflectivity Coatings for Grazing Angles of Incidence

2009 ◽  
pp. 270-270-12
Author(s):  
JB Shellan
Keyword(s):  
High Reflectivity ◽  
Grazing Angles

Intensity of Choppy Sea Radar Backscattering for Small Grazing Angles

2004 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 104-115
Author(s):  
V. G. Gutnik ◽  
G. P. Kulemin ◽  
L. I. Sharapov ◽  
E. A. Goroshko
Keyword(s):  
Radar Backscattering ◽  
Grazing Angles

COLOUR FILTERS APPLICATION FOR DIAGNOSTICS SOME PATHOLOGICAL PROCESS

1970 ◽  
pp. 44-49
Author(s):  
A. G. Belova ◽  
E. V. Zimina ◽  
N. P. Simbirtsev
Keyword(s):  
Visual Analysis ◽  
Color Change ◽  
Incident Light ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Subjective Assessment ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
Dark Spot ◽  
High Reflectivity ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Green Background

During a pathoanatomic autopsy, it is very important to correctly assess the color change of the organs. However, it is not always clear because the color depends on the spectrum of the incident light. There is also a subjective assessment of color. In addition, in animals with large amounts of circulating blood, for example, dogs, early imbibition occurs, which makes it difficult to assess the color of the organ and pathoanatomical diagnosis. We have proposed a simple and visual method of recognition of two pathological processes – inflammation and edema using colored filters. This technique also allows to accurately differentiate inflammation from postmortem imbibition, to recognize fibrin and hemorrhage well. Postmortem examination of different types of animals (predacious families of mustelids, canids, felids) was performed in accordance with Shore’s method in the prosectorium of the Pathonomy Department, K.I. Skryabin Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology visual analysis – under various artificial lights (fluorescent lamps with banded spectrum and halogen lamps). In the red filter are well identified the pathological processes associated with the venous blood presence in the tissues (venous hyperemia and pulmonary edema). The focus of venous hyperemia or edema in the red filter looks like a dark zone, and tissues, where arterial bloods predominated, aren’t detected in red filter. In the yellow – green filter the inflammation is clearly detected: the zone is brightly red and surrounding tissues become dark. Red colour filters have rather narrow band of transmittance from 600 to 700 nm. Yellow-green have a width zone – from 500 to 700 nm, including both red, and yellow-green part of spectrum. Oxidized hemoglobin in red part of spectrum absorbs ten time weaker, has more high reflectivity and looks red. Surrounding tissues reflect the red rays, which incident on them also red. Therefore, the zone of edema, venous hyperemia and hemorrhaging, containing venous blood, are detected the dark spot, and inflammation zone merges with the red background. Oxidized hemoglobin in the red spectrum part absorbs ten time weaker than reduced hemoglobin, has high reflectivity of the red spectrum part and looks brightly red, surrounding tissues reflect yellow-green spectrum part and look green. Therefore, the zones of inflammation, active hyperemia and hemorrhaging, containing arterial blood, sharp contrast with green background and are clearly visible. Diagnoses made with the help of color filters are confirmed by histological studies.

Graded buffer Bragg reflectors with high reflectivity and transparency for metamorphic optoelectronics

2021 ◽  
Vol 129 (17) ◽  
pp. 173102
Author(s):  
R. M. France ◽  
J. Buencuerpo ◽  
M. Bradsby ◽  
J. F. Geisz ◽  
Y. Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bragg Reflectors ◽  
High Reflectivity

scholarly journals Accurate analytic approximation for the Chapman grazing incidence function

2021 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dmytro Vasylyev
Keyword(s):  
Asymptotic Expansion ◽  
Radiative Transfer ◽  
Bessel Functions ◽  
Grazing Incidence ◽  
Analytical Approximation ◽  
Analytic Approximation ◽  
Atmospheric Physics ◽  
Uniform Asymptotic Expansion ◽  
Grazing Angles ◽  
Physical And Chemical

AbstractA new analytical approximation for the Chapman mapping integral, $${\text {Ch}}$$ Ch , for exponential atmospheres is proposed. This formulation is based on the derived relation of the Chapman function to several classes of the incomplete Bessel functions. Application of the uniform asymptotic expansion to the incomplete Bessel functions allowed us to establish the precise analytical approximation to $${\text {Ch}}$$ Ch , which outperforms established analytical results. In this way the resource consuming numerical integration can be replaced by the derived approximation with higher accuracy. The obtained results are useful for various branches of atmospheric physics such as the calculations of optical depths in exponential atmospheres at large grazing angles, physical and chemical aeronomy, atmospheric optics, ionospheric modeling, and radiative transfer theory.

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