Acute and Rapid-Chronic Toxicity of Hexavalent Chromium to Five Marine Species

2008 ◽  
pp. 251-251-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
KM Jop
Keyword(s):  
Hexavalent Chromium ◽  
Chronic Toxicity ◽  
Marine Species

scholarly journals Chronic toxicity of ZnO nanoparticles: effects on survival and reproductive traits of the marine copepod Tigriopus fulvus

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabella Parlapiano ◽  
Francesca Biandolino ◽  
Valentino Russo ◽  
Loredana Manfra ◽  
Alice Rotini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Toxicity ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Marine Species ◽  
Reproductive Activity ◽  
Developmental Time ◽  
Zno Nps ◽  
Marine Copepod ◽  
Hatching Time ◽  
The Mean ◽  
First Time

The use of biological models has been recognized as very important in nanoecotoxicology for the understanding of Nanoparticle (NP) ecotoxicological effects. This study aimed to assess, for the first time, the chronic toxicity of Zinc Oxide NPs (ZnO NPs) on survival and reproductive traits of the marine copepod Tigriopus fulvus. Moults number, sex ratio, developmental time of nauplius and copepodid, fecundity and hatching time were assessed as sublethal endpoints. The results showed significant effects of ZnO NP exposure on all reproductive traits if compared to the control (seawater without ZnO NPs). The mean number of nauplii per brood was significantly reduced already (p<0.05) at 0.10 mg/L and even fecundity (as mean total number of nauplii per female) was significantly reduced at all ZnO NPs concentrations. A reduced number of broods per female were recorded at all nZnO concentrations (0.05-0.1-0.15-0.2-0.25 mg/L), compared to control (6.7±0.2), with the lowest value (2.8±0.3) at the highest concentration (ANOVA, p<0.05). This study evidenced the toxicity of ZnO NPs and the capacity to inhibit the reproductive activity of the marine copepod T. fulvus. These results highlight the intrinsic risk in the use and disposal of manufactured nanomaterials, as well as the importance of the research on the NP toxicity to enhance risk management. Given the lack of reliable information on ecological hazards and consequences of ZnO NPs, and particularly on its chronic toxicity to marine species, a better and relevant understanding of the effects represents a priority.

scholarly journals Viability of the marine amphipod Parhyale hawaiensis growth rate as an endpoint for chronic ecotoxicological tests

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Kushima Assano ◽  
Gisela de Aragao Umbuzeiro ◽  
Otávio Jürgensen Diehl ◽  
Rhaul de Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Chronic Toxicity ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
Marine Species ◽  
Toxicity Assessment ◽  
Model Organisms ◽  
Toxicity Tests ◽  
Ecotoxicological Tests ◽  
Parhyale Hawaiensis ◽  
Marine Amphipod

There is a lack of suitable marine species for ecotoxicological tests. Parhyale hawaiensis is a marine amphipod with circumtropical distribution. Recently, acute ecotoxicological procedures were standardized for these model organisms. However, its potential for chronic toxicity assessment still unclear. Sediment quality assessments using sublethal responses of benthic organisms, such as growth and reproduction, have been used to successfully evaluate moderately contaminated areas. The aim of this work was to evaluate the viability of growth rate as an sublethal endpoint for chronic toxicity tests.

Chronic Toxicity of Cadmium and Hexavalent Chromium in Drinking Water

1956 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. F. Decker ◽  
C. A. Hoppert ◽  
R. U. Byerrum
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Hexavalent Chromium ◽  
Chronic Toxicity

scholarly journals Chronic toxicity of ZnO nanoparticles: effects on survival and reproductive traits of the marine copepod Tigriopus fulvus

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabella Parlapiano ◽  
Francesca Biandolino ◽  
Valentino Russo ◽  
Loredana Manfra ◽  
Alice Rotini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Toxicity ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Marine Species ◽  
Reproductive Activity ◽  
Developmental Time ◽  
Zno Nps ◽  
Marine Copepod ◽  
Hatching Time ◽  
The Mean ◽  
First Time

The use of biological models has been recognized as very important in nanoecotoxicology for the understanding of Nanoparticle (NP) ecotoxicological effects. This study aimed to assess, for the first time, the chronic toxicity of Zinc Oxide NPs (ZnO NPs) on survival and reproductive traits of the marine copepod Tigriopus fulvus. Moults number, sex ratio, developmental time of nauplius and copepodid, fecundity and hatching time were assessed as sublethal endpoints. The results showed significant effects of ZnO NP exposure on all reproductive traits if compared to the control (seawater without ZnO NPs). The mean number of nauplii per brood was significantly reduced already (p<0.05) at 0.10 mg/L and even fecundity (as mean total number of nauplii per female) was significantly reduced at all ZnO NPs concentrations. A reduced number of broods per female were recorded at all nZnO concentrations (0.05-0.1-0.15-0.2-0.25 mg/L), compared to control (6.7±0.2), with the lowest value (2.8±0.3) at the highest concentration (ANOVA, p<0.05). This study evidenced the toxicity of ZnO NPs and the capacity to inhibit the reproductive activity of the marine copepod T. fulvus. These results highlight the intrinsic risk in the use and disposal of manufactured nanomaterials, as well as the importance of the research on the NP toxicity to enhance risk management. Given the lack of reliable information on ecological hazards and consequences of ZnO NPs, and particularly on its chronic toxicity to marine species, a better and relevant understanding of the effects represents a priority.

The derivation of water quality criteria for nonylphenol considering its endocrine disrupting features

2015 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 268-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pei Gao ◽  
Lei Guo ◽  
Zhengyan Li ◽  
Mark Gibson
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Chronic Toxicity ◽  
Model Simulation ◽  
Quality Criterion ◽  
Quality Criteria ◽  
Marine Species ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Water Quality Criteria ◽  
Chinese Authority

Nonylphenol (NP) is an endocrine disruptor and causes feminization in various organisms. This study aims to determine the water quality criteria for NP in China based on species sensitivity distribution (SSD) models considering both reproductive and traditional toxicity effects. A total of 17 chronic values with reproductive endpoints and 14 chronic values with traditional endpoints tested with aquatic species resident in China were found in published literature, among which six values were from marine species. As chronic toxicity data for marine species were limited, the acute-to-chronic toxicity ratio methodology was employed to extrapolate from acute-to-chronic toxicity values. The SSD models were then built with a whole set of chronic toxicity values for NP. Based on model simulation, the chronic water quality criterion in fresh water was calculated as 1.37 μg/L and 4.29 μg/L for reproductive endpoints and traditional endpoints, respectively. The criterion in seawater was derived as 1.68 μg/L for traditional endpoints. Although these criteria were derived by a third-party organization not affiliated with the Chinese authority for criteria development, they were obtained from a scientific point of view and can be used to evaluate water quality and ecological risks of nonylphenol in various water bodies.

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