A Protocol for Evaluating the Cleaning Efficiency, Corrosion Property and Oxygen Compatibility of Non-Ozone Depleting Cleaning Agents

2009 ◽  
pp. 195-195-27
Author(s):  
TC Chou ◽  
A Fiedorowicz
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Property ◽  
Cleaning Efficiency ◽  
Cleaning Agents

Utilization of Waste Natural Rubber Latex for Cleaning Application

2016 ◽  
Vol 1133 ◽  
pp. 221-225
Author(s):  
Noor Farhana Ramli ◽  
Nuur Syuhada Dzulkafly ◽  
Azura A. Rashid
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Diethylene Glycol ◽  
Natural Rubber Latex ◽  
Rubber Latex ◽  
Cleaning Efficiency ◽  
Cleaning Agent ◽  
Cleaning Agents

Natural Rubber (NR) latex cleaning compound was prepared by using three types of NR latex; HA latex, waste latex and subnormal latex. Each of these NR latex is then compounded with two different cleaning agents; monoethanolamine (MEA) and diethylene glycol (DEG) at three different phr loading; 1, 3 and 5 phr. The mechanical properties of these compounds were also investigated. Cleaning efficiency was conducted by applying the NR latex cleaning compound on the dirty surfaces. From the results, NR latex compounded with MEA exhibit better mechanical properties at loading of 3 phr MEA. The cleaning efficiency also showed the ability of NR latex compound to clean the dirty surfaces with addition of cleaning agent especially at higher loading. The waste N R latex compound compounded with MEA shows the best result in cleaning the surfaces due to the presence of filler that can adsorbed the dirt on the surfaces.

scholarly journals Investigations of Alkaline and Enzymatic Membrane Cleaning of Ultrafiltration Membranes Fouled by Thermomechanical Pulping Process Water

Membranes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregor Rudolph ◽  
Herje Schagerlöf ◽  
Kristian Morkeberg Krogh ◽  
Ann-Sofi Jönsson ◽  
Frank Lipnizki
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Fouling ◽  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Paper Industry ◽  
Initial Permeability ◽  
Process Water ◽  
Cleaning Efficiency ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Cleaning Agents ◽  
Thermomechanical Pulping ◽  
Membrane Lifetime

The pulp and paper industry is one of the most important industrial sectors worldwide, and has considerable potential for the sustainable fractionation of lignocellulosic biomass to provide valuable compounds. Ultrafiltration (UF) is a suitable separation technique for the profitable production of hemicelluloses from process water from thermomechanical pulping (ThMP), but is limited by membrane fouling. Improvements in cleaning protocols and new alternative cleaning agents are required to ensure a long membrane lifetime, and thus a sustainable process. This study, therefore, focuses on the cleaning of polymeric UF membranes after the filtration of ThMP process water, comparing alkaline with enzymatic cleaning agents. The aim was to develop a cleaning procedure that is efficient under mild conditions, resulting in a lower environmental impact. It was not possible to restore the initial permeability of the membrane when cleaning the membrane with enzymes alone, but the permeability was restored when using a two-step cleaning process with enzymes in the first step and an alkaline cleaning agent in the second step. Scanning electron microscopy gave a deeper inside into the cleaning efficiency. Attenuated total reflectance Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy analysis confirmed that not only polysaccharides, but also extractives are adsorbed onto the membrane surface.

Optimization of Chemical Cleaning for Removal of Biofouling Layer

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sayed S Madaeni ◽  
Sh. Saedi ◽  
F Rahimpour ◽  
S Zereshki
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Cleaning Efficiency ◽  
Chemical Cleaning ◽  
Cleaning Agent ◽  
Cleaning Agents ◽  
Dead End ◽  
Face Centered ◽  
The Mathematical Model

Biofouling is one of the most important problems associated with the application of membrane in bioprocessing. A strategy for membrane regeneration is the chemical cleaning of fouled membranes. The choice of chemical cleaning agent and operating parameters are critical to cleaning efficiency. In this work the cleaning efficiency of different cleaning agents for the removal of biofouling layer was studied. The cleaning agents include hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), sodium hydroxide (NaOH), hydrochloric acid (HCl), 1-propanol, urea and Ethylene Diamin Tetra Acetic acid (EDTA). The influences of different experimental variables on the cleaning efficiency were evaluated. Response surface methodology was employed to optimize the cleaning efficiency of the cleaning agents with three variables of concentration of cleaning agent, time of cleaning, and stirring speed for cleaning of GVHP microfiltration membrane fouled by E.coli in a dead end cell. To build the mathematical model and minimize the number of experiments for the design parameters, a response surface methodology with a face-centered central composite design (CCF) was defined. The adequacy of the calculated model for the response was confirmed by means of variance analysis and additional experiments. Predicted optimal conditions to achieve maximum flux recovery were elucidated. The validity of the response model was verified by a good agreement between predicted and experimental results.

Investigations into and optimisation of the performance of sewage detention tanks during storm rainfall events

1999 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Kowalski ◽  
J. Reuber ◽  
Jürgen Köngeter
Keyword(s):  
Flow Field ◽  
Pollutant Transport ◽  
Cleaning Efficiency ◽  
Rainfall Events ◽  
Transient Phenomena ◽  
Numerical Studies ◽  
Hydraulic Load ◽  
Storm Rainfall ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Sewage Systems

Combined Sewage Detention Tanks (CSDT) are components of combined sewage systems commonly used in Germany. A lack of knowledge of the processes occurring within these structures causes the engineer to apply conceptual approaches in the simulation of pollutant transport. The investigations presented were implemented in an integrated systematic way. Extensive analytical, experimental and numerical studies of steady and transient phenomena taking place in CSDTs were carried out simulating different levels of hydraulic load. The study of the flow field and the simulation of sedimentation and erosion under realistic conditions resulted in proposals for modification and optimisation of the function of CSDTs. A simple way of predicting the cleaning efficiency is presented.

scholarly journals P.2.38 Occupational exposure and incidence of asthma based on prescription of drugs

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. A97.1-A97
Author(s):  
Jesper Bælum ◽  
Lars Rauff Skadhauge ◽  
Trine Thilsing ◽  
Jesper Rønhild Davidsen ◽  
Øjvind Omland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Register Data ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Job Exposure Matrix ◽  
Cleaning Agents ◽  
Occupational Information ◽  
Incident Asthma ◽  
Changes In Risk ◽  
Incident Cases ◽  
Prevalent Asthma

Prescription of drugs for obstructive lung diseases (ATC code R03) has previously been shown to be an indicator of actual asthma. In this cohort study, we have combined occupational information with data from redeemed prescriptions between 2000 and 2013 extracted from the National Danish Prescription register.In 2003 a total of 7255 persons aged 20 and 44 years fulfilled a questionnaire, which among other things, included information on their longest held job. The jobs of 6470 were coded according to ISCO-88 and an asthma Job Exposure Matrix (JEM) was applied. Prevalent asthma was defined as at least two redeemed prescriptions of a R03 drug within 2 years. Incident asthma between 2003 and 2013 was defined as not having redeemed a R03 prescription in the previous years. Data was analyzed separately for each gender using multivariate logistic regression and presented as odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI).Among those having a job 327 (5.1%) were identified as incident cases and 467 (7.2%) as prevalent cases. In females increased incidences were seen in exposures to reactive low molecular weight (LMW) substances (OR1.47 (95% CI 1.04–2.07)), cleaning agents (OR 1.52 (1.05–2.18)), metals (OR 3.31 (1.63–6.64)), while increased prevalence was seen with mite exposure (OR 4.41 (1.74–11.2)) and irritant gases (OR 1.76 (1.16–2.69)). In males no increased incidences were seen and only an increased prevalence with mixed environments (OR 2.24 (1.13–4.43)).In jobs increased prevalence and incidence were seen in female cleaners and drivers. Increased prevalence was seen in male printing workers.Meaningful associations with well-known asthmagenic exposures in young adults with asthma can be identified in administrative register data, and implementing the analyses of register data from larger populations will have the power to detect potential increased risks due to rare exposures or changes in risk over time.

Combining experimental and theoretical researches to insight into the anti-corrosion property of Morinda citrifolia Linn leaves extracts

2021 ◽  
Vol 325 ◽  
pp. 115145
Author(s):  
Jiahong He ◽  
Dan Yu ◽  
Qiang Xu ◽  
Guoqiang Li ◽  
Guorong Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Property ◽  
Morinda Citrifolia ◽  
Insight Into

scholarly journals Investigation on the effect of active-polymers with different functional groups for EOR

e-Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-68
Author(s):  
Dong Zhang ◽  
Jian Guang Wei ◽  
Run Nan Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Functional Groups ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Molecular Size ◽  
Type I ◽  
Cleaning Efficiency ◽  
Sweep Efficiency ◽  
Profile Control ◽  
Branched Chain ◽  
Swept Volume ◽  
Enhance Oil Recovery

AbstractActive-polymer attracted increasing interest as an enhancing oil recovery technology in oilfield development owing to the characteristics of polymer and surfactant. Different types of active functional groups, which grafted on the polymer branched chain, have different effects on the oil displacement performance of the active-polymers. In this article, the determination of molecular size and viscosity of active-polymers were characterized by Scatterer and Rheometer to detect the expanded swept volume ability. And the Leica microscope was used to evaluate the emulsifying property of the active-polymers, which confirmed the oil sweep efficiency. Results show that the Type I active-polymer have a greater molecular size and stronger viscosity, which is a profile control system for expanding the swept volume. The emulsification performance of Type III active-polymer is more stable, which is suitable for improving the oil cleaning efficiency. The results obtained in this paper reveal the application prospect of the active-polymer to enhance oil recovery in the development of oilfields.

An electrochemical synthesis of a rare-earth(La3+)-doped ZIF-8 hydroxyapatite composite coating for a Ti/TiO2 implant material

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziqi Zhang ◽  
Xiang Ni ◽  
Kaida Yao ◽  
Siqi Zhang ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Composite Coating ◽  
Electrochemical Synthesis ◽  
Corrosion Property ◽  
Titanium Implants ◽  
Implant Material ◽  
Hydroxyapatite Composite

Enhance the antibacterial and anti-corrosion property on the premise of minimizing the biocompatibility loss of titanium implants.

Investigation of the different particle size dust releases from rigid filter candles during pulse-jet cleaning

2021 ◽  
pp. 095440622110179
Author(s):  
Xin Luan ◽  
Zhongli Ji ◽  
Longfei Liu ◽  
Ruifeng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
Dust Particles ◽  
Cleaning Efficiency ◽  
Term Operation ◽  
Cleaning Performance ◽  
Experimental Apparatus ◽  
Pulse Jet

Rigid filters made of ceramic or metal are widely used to remove solid particles from hot gases at temperature above 260 °C in the petrochemical and coal industries. Pulse-jet cleaning of fine dust from rigid filter candles plays a critical role in the long-term operation of these filters. In this study, an experimental apparatus was fabricated to investigate the behavior of a 2050 mm filter candle, which included monitoring the variation of pressure dynamic characteristics over time and observing the release of dust layers that allowed an analysis of the cleaning performance of ISO 12103-1 test dusts with different particle size distributions. These results showed the release behavior of these dusts could be divided into five stages: radial expansion, axial crack, flaky release, irregular disruption and secondary deposition. The cleaning performance of smaller sized dust particles was less efficient as compared with larger sized dust particles under the same operating conditions primarily because large, flaky-shaped dust aggregates formed during the first three stages were easily broken into smaller, dispersed fragments during irregular disruption that forced more particles back to the filter surface during secondary deposition. Also, a “low-pressure and long-pulse width” cleaning method improved the cleaning efficiency of the A1 ultrafine test dust from 81.4% to 95.9%.

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