scholarly journals In Situ Investigations of the Hydrogen Uptake of Zirconium Alloys during Steam Oxidation

2018 ◽  
pp. 1114-1135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirco Grosse ◽  
Martin Steinbrueck ◽  
Burkhard Schillinger ◽  
Anders Kaestner
Keyword(s):  
Zirconium Alloys ◽  
Hydrogen Uptake ◽  
Steam Oxidation

Ex-situ and in-situ Neutron Radiography Investigations of the Hydrogen Uptake of Nuclear Fuel Cladding Materials During Steam Oxidation at 1000°C and Above

2010 ◽  
Vol 1262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirco Grosse ◽  
Marius van den Berg ◽  
Eberhard Helmar Lehmann ◽  
Burkhard Schillinger
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Diffusion ◽  
Neutron Radiography ◽  
Zirconium Alloys ◽  
Hydrogen Uptake ◽  
Steam Oxidation ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
In Situ Experiments ◽  
Nuclear Fuel Cladding ◽  
Non Destructive

AbstractNeutron radiography is a powerful tool for the investigation of the hydrogen uptake of zirconium alloys. It is fast, fully quantitative, non-destructive and provides a spatial resolution of 30 μm. The non-destructive character of neutron radiography provides the possibility of in-situ investigations. The paper describes the calibration of the method and delivers results of ex-situ measurements of the hydrogen concentration distribution after steam oxidation, as well as in-situ experiments of hydrogen diffusion in β-Zr and in-situ investigations of the hydrogen uptake during steam oxidation.

Neutron Imaging Investigations of the Hydrogen Related Degradation of the Mechanical Properties of Zircaloy-4 Cladding Tubes

2013 ◽  
Vol 1528 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Grosse ◽  
S. Valance ◽  
J. Stuckert ◽  
M. Steinbrueck ◽  
M. Walter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Oxide Layer ◽  
Zirconium Alloys ◽  
Hydrogen Uptake ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Neutron Imaging ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Loss Of Coolant Accident ◽  
Local Enrichment

ABSTRACTThe hydrogen uptake and redistribution in Zircaloy-4 specimens applied to loss of coolant accident (LOCA) simulation experiments and in mechanical pre-loaded samples were investigated by means of ex-situ and in-situ neutron imaging. The results of these investigations were compared with results from mechanical tests. Hydrogen absorption may have a strong influence on the mechanical properties of zirconium alloys. A local enrichment of the absorbed hydrogen may result in brittle fracture at these positions in the tensile test. On the other hand, stress fields in the material affect the hydrogen uptake as well as its distribution in the material. In-situ investigations confirmed the existence of an initial oxide layer formed at room temperature by contact with air. This oxide layer suppresses the hydrogen uptake until dissolution in the zirconium matrix.

Parameters Influencing the Secondary Hydrogenation of Zr-Sn and Zr-Nb Alloys During Steam Oxidation Under LOCA and Severe Accident Conditions

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirco K. Grosse ◽  
Martin Steinbrueck ◽  
Juri Stuckert
Keyword(s):  
Oxide Layer ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Hydrogen Diffusion ◽  
Neutron Radiography ◽  
Hydrogen Uptake ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Steam Oxidation ◽  
Severe Accident

The parameters influencing secondary hydrogen uptake can be divided into two groups: material properties and process parameters. The first group includes for instance the steam oxidation kinetics, the oxide morphology and the hydrogen diffusion through the oxide layer. The second group covers for instance the temperature, the total pressure, the gas flow type and rates, the cladding area and the filling of the rods. Together with a theoretical view on the influence of different parameters on the hydrogen uptake of zirconium alloys experimental results from separate-effect tests, large-scale QUENCH tests and in-situ neutron radiography investigations of the hydrogen uptake during steam oxidation will be presented. The hydrogen concentrations in specimens made from commonly used cladding materials were determined by quantitative analysis of neutron radiographs. Information obtained from ex- and in-situ steam oxidation experiments will be given. The presentation of the experimental results will be focused on the influence of oxidation time and temperature, of the oxide layer morphology, the sample geometry and of the gas flow rates on the hydrogen concentration of the remaining metal phases. Differences between Zr-Sn, Zr-Nb and Zr-Sn-Nb alloys will be discussed.

scholarly journals In Situ Neutron Radiography Investigations of Hydrogen Related Processes in Zirconium Alloys

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 5775
Author(s):  
Mirco Grosse ◽  
Burkhardt Schillinger ◽  
Anders Kaestner
Keyword(s):  
Zirconium Alloy ◽  
High Temperature Oxidation ◽  
Hydrogen Diffusion ◽  
Neutron Radiography ◽  
Zirconium Alloys ◽  
Hydrogen Uptake ◽  
Temperature Oxidation ◽  
Diffusive Processes ◽  
Kinetics Of

In situ neutron radiography experiments can provide information about diffusive processes and the kinetics of chemical reactions. The paper discusses requirements for such investigations. As examples of the zirconium alloy Zircaloy-4, the hydrogen diffusion, the hydrogen uptake during high-temperature oxidation in steam, and the reaction in nitrogen/steam and air/steam atmospheres, results of in situ neutron radiography investigations are reviewed, and their benefit is discussed.

Texture Evolution Under Fast Heating and Cooling Rates of Zirconium Alloys Studied In-Situ by Synchrotron X-Ray Diffraction

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chi-Toan Nguyen ◽  
Alistair Garner ◽  
Javier Romero ◽  
Antoine Ambard ◽  
Michael Preuss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Texture Evolution ◽  
Zirconium Alloys ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Fast Heating ◽  
Cooling Rates ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Heating And Cooling

scholarly journals Biphenyl Hydrogenation with Syngas for Hydrogen Purification and Transportation: Performance of Dispersed Catalytic Systems Based on Transition Metal Sulfides

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (10) ◽  
pp. 1131-1137
Author(s):  
I. G. Baigildin ◽  
E. A. Karakhanov ◽  
A. L. Maximov ◽  
A. V. Vutolkina
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Uptake ◽  
Gas Mixture ◽  
Hydrogen Purification ◽  
Catalytic Systems ◽  
Dispersed Catalysts ◽  
Substrate Conversion ◽  
Hydrogen Carrier ◽  
Shift Reaction ◽  
Water Gas

Abstract The feasibility of biphenyl hydrogenation with syngas for hydrogen purification and binding with the aim of its transportation was demonstrated. Specific features of the hydrogenation of biphenyl as a promising organic hydrogen carrier using unsupported Ni–Mo sulfide catalysts were studied. In particular, the influence of temperature, reaction time, presence of water in the system, and Н2/СО gas mixture composition on the substrate conversion and selectivity with respect to products was examined. The highest conversion and the maximal hydrogen uptake are reached at 380°С in 6–8 h. The dispersed catalysts are active in biphenyl hydrogenation at the CO concentration in the Н2/СО gas mixture of up to 50 vol %, and H2O can act in this case as an in situ hydrogen source owing to the occurrence of the water-gas shift reaction.

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