Direct Chemical Injection and Small Volume Returnable Container Technology

2009 ◽  
pp. 58-58-12
Author(s):  
OR Swenson ◽  
FA Manthey
Keyword(s):  
Small Volume

Protamine-DNA interaction

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 200-201
Author(s):  
D.P. Bazett-Jones ◽  
F.P. Ottensmeyer
Keyword(s):  
Small Volume ◽  
Double Helix ◽  
Dna Interaction ◽  
Dark Field ◽  
Sperm Head ◽  
Nuclear Proteins ◽  
Field Electron Microscopy ◽  
Dark Field Electron ◽  
Dna Double Helix ◽  
Positively Charged

Dark field electron microscopy has been used for the study of the structure of individual macromolecules with a resolution to at least the 5Å level. The use of this technique has been extended to the investigation of structure of interacting molecules, particularly the interaction between DNA and fish protamine, a class of basic nuclear proteins of molecular weight 4,000 daltons.Protamine, which is synthesized during spermatogenesis, binds to chromatin, displaces the somatic histones and wraps up the DNA to fit into the small volume of the sperm head. It has been proposed that protamine, existing as an extended polypeptide, winds around the minor groove of the DNA double helix, with protamine's positively-charged arginines lining up with the negatively-charged phosphates of DNA. However, viewing protamine as an extended protein is inconsistent with the results obtained in our laboratory.

The Theoretical Contrast in Scanning and Conventional High Resolution Microscopes

1969 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 170-171
Author(s):  
E. Zeitler ◽  
M. G. R. Thomson
Keyword(s):  
Small Volume ◽  
Volume Element ◽  
Optical Processing ◽  
Image Construction ◽  
Object Interaction ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Scanning Transmission ◽  
Optical Treatment ◽  
Electron Microscopes ◽  
Intensity Contrast

In the formation of an image each small volume element of the object is correlated to an areal element in the image. The structure or detail of the object is represented by changes in intensity from element to element, and this variation of intensity (contrast) is determined by the interaction of the electrons with the specimen, and by the optical processing of the information-carrying electrons. Both conventional and scanning transmission electron microscopes form images which may be considered in this way, but the mechanism of image construction is very different in the two cases. Although the electron-object interaction is the same, the optical treatment differs.

Planning Micronutrient-Dense Menus in Ontario Long-Term Care Homes: Strategies and Challenges

2020 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
pp. 198-203
Author(s):  
Lisa M. Duizer ◽  
Heather H. Keller
Keyword(s):  
Small Volume ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Dietary Reference Intakes ◽  
Portion Sizes ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Micronutrient Malnutrition ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Food Consumed

Prevalence of micronutrient malnutrition is high in individuals living in long-term care (LTC) homes with many individuals consuming low levels of vitamins B6, D, and E; folate; calcium; magnesium; and zinc. The focus of this research was to identify strategies and challenges encountered during development of micronutrient-dense menus for use in Ontario LTC homes and to examine costs associated with development of a menu with acceptable micronutrients. Semi-structured open-ended interviews were conducted with 13 menu planners (7 dietitians, 6 nutrition managers) in diverse LTC homes in Ontario. Data were thematically analyzed. A 7-day hypothetical menu meeting all nutrient requirements was developed and costed. Analysis of the interview data showed that menus are planned according to the Canada’s Food Guide (2007) and focus placed on Dietary Reference Intakes of protein, fibre, calcium, and sodium. Little focus is placed on micronutrients. Flexibility in foods offered was important to accommodate the small volume of food consumed. Resident preferences were balanced against nutritional requirements. Challenges included planning for diverse populations, managing portion sizes, and balancing the budget. A hypothetical menu planned to contain adequate levels of all micronutrients is 49% higher in food costs than the amount currently provided to Ontario LTC homes.

Flexible and Wearable GRF and EMG Sensors Enabled Locomotion Mode Recognition for IoHT Based In-home Rehabilitation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaoming Fang ◽  
Yixuan Wang ◽  
Shuo Gao
Keyword(s):  
Sensitive Element ◽  
Small Volume ◽  
Peak Stress ◽  
Higher Learning ◽  
Force Sensing ◽  
Sensing System ◽  
Mode Recognition ◽  
Locomotion Mode ◽  
Stress Sensing ◽  
Manipulation Process

In order to quantify the manipulation process of acupuncture, in this article, a piezoelectric glove based wearable stress sensing system is presented. Served as the sensitive element with small volume and high tensile resistance, PVDF greatly meet the need of quantitative analysis. Through piezoelectric force sensing glove, the system is capable of detecting both perpendicular stress as well as shear stress. Besides, key parameters including peak stress at needle are detected and extracted, potentially allowing for a higher learning efficiency hence advancing the development of acupuncture.

Density Wave Measurements in a Rectangular Clarifier

1983 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark K. Watson ◽  
R.R. Hudgins ◽  
P.L. Silveston
Keyword(s):  
Power Spectrum ◽  
Internal Wave ◽  
Internal Waves ◽  
Wave Motion ◽  
Wave Amplitude ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Small Volume ◽  
Density Wave ◽  
Measure Concentration ◽  
Wave Measurements

Abstract Internal wave motion was studied in a laboratory rectangular, primary clarifier. A photo-extinction device was used as a turbidimeter to measure concentration fluctuations in a small volume within the clarifier as a function of time. The signal from this device was fed to a HP21MX minicomputer and the power spectrum plotted from data records lasting approximately 30 min. Results show large changes of wave amplitude as frequency increases. Two distinct regions occur: one with high amplitudes at frequencies below 0.03 Hz, the second with very small amplitudes appears for frequencies greater than 0.1 Hz. The former is associated with internal waves, the latter with flow-generated turbulence. Depth, velocity in the clarifier and inlet suspended solids influence wave amplitudes and the spectra. A variation with position or orientation of the probe was not detected. Contradictory results were found for the influence of flow contraction baffles on internal wave amplitude.

Microbial Sampling: Is It Better to Sample Many Times or Use Large Samples?

1993 ◽  
Vol 27 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 19-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles N. Haas
Keyword(s):  
Small Volume ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Dispersion Parameter ◽  
Microbial Quality ◽  
Large Samples ◽  
Repeated Sampling ◽  
Repeated Samples ◽  
Microbial Sampling

Repeated sampling of a water (raw, Ssished, recreational) is often used to assess microbial quality. Microbial distributions have often been found to be negative binomial distributed in such repeated samples. Under these conditions, it is shown that it is better to use a large number of small volume samples than vice versa, providing that the negative binomial dispersion parameter remains unaffected by volume. Further research is needed to determine if the latter assumption, which influences the conclusion proposed, is valid for various classes of microorganisms in various types of waters.

scholarly journals A Setup for Microscopic Studies of Ultrasounds Effects on Microliters Scale Samples: Analytical, Numerical and Experimental Characterization

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 847
Author(s):  
Florian N. Gailliègue ◽  
Mindaugas Tamošiūnas ◽  
Franck M. André ◽  
Lluis M. Mir
Keyword(s):  
Culture Medium ◽  
Small Volume ◽  
Acoustic Pressure ◽  
Experimental Characterization ◽  
Focal Distance ◽  
Microscopic Studies ◽  
Cell Membrane Permeabilization ◽  
Ultrasonic Parameters ◽  
Rigid Walls

Sonoporation is the process of cell membrane permeabilization, due to exposure to ultrasounds. There is a lack of consensus concerning the mechanisms of sonoporation: Understanding the mechanisms of sonoporation refines the choice of the ultrasonic parameters to be applied on the cells. Cells’ classical exposure systems to ultrasounds have several drawbacks, like the immersion of the cells in large volumes of liquid, the nonhomogeneous acoustic pressure in the large sample, and thus, the necessity for magnetic stirring to somehow homogenize the exposure of the cells. This article reports the development and characterization of a novel system allowing the exposure to ultrasounds of very small volumes and their observation under the microscope. The observation under a microscope imposes the exposure of cells and Giant Unilamellar Vesicles under an oblique incidence, as well as the very unusual presence of rigid walls limiting the sonicated volume. The advantages of this new setup are not only the use of a very small volume of cells culture medium/microbubbles (MB), but the presence of flat walls near the sonicated region that results in a more homogeneous ultrasonic pressure field, and thus, the control of the focal distance and the real exposure time. The setup presented here comprises the ability to survey the geometrical and dynamical aspects of the exposure of cells and MB to ultrasounds, if an ultrafast camera is used. Indeed, the setup thus fulfills all the requirements to apply ultrasounds conveniently, for accurate mechanistic experiments under an inverted fluorescence microscope, and it could have interesting applications in photoacoustic research.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document