Performance of Stucco-Clad Wood-Frame Buildings in a Temperate Rain Forest

2009 ◽  
pp. 155-155-13
Author(s):  
MJ Dell ◽  
SB Liaw
Keyword(s):  
Rain Forest ◽  
Frame Buildings ◽  
Temperate Rain Forest ◽  
Wood Frame

Wind Performance Enhancement Strategies for Residential Wood-Frame Buildings

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 04018024 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassan Masoomi ◽  
Mohammad R. Ameri ◽  
John W. van de Lindt
Keyword(s):  
Performance Enhancement ◽  
Frame Buildings ◽  
Wood Frame

An experimental investigation of retrofitted cripple walls

1991 ◽  
Vol 81 (5) ◽  
pp. 2111-2126
Author(s):  
R. Shepherd ◽  
E. O. Delos-Santos
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Contributory Factor ◽  
Cyclic Loads ◽  
Loma Prieta Earthquake ◽  
Damping Characteristics ◽  
Frame Buildings ◽  
Loma Prieta ◽  
Wood Frame ◽  
Extensive Damage

Abstract Extensive damage was experienced by wood-frame buildings during the Loma Prieta earthquake. A significant contributory factor was the collapse of cripple walls. This prompted the examination of the behavior of a group of full-scale retrofitted cripple walls subjected to in-plane cyclic loads. The results of investigating seven cripple walls, each 2 ft (0.61 m) high and 16 ft (5 m) long, are presented. Two are control panels, without retrofits. Two are strengthened with 1 by 6 inch (25.4 by 153 mm) braces. Two are retrofitted with 0.5 inch (12.7 mm) plywood and one with a steel strap tie. Stiffness, strength, and damping characteristics are summarized, together with cost aspects. It is shown that relatively cheap and straightforward modifications can substantially eliminate the vulnerability of many existing cripple walls to earthquake shaking.

Statistical analysis of earthquake debris extent from wood-frame buildings and its use in road networks in Japan

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 209-231
Author(s):  
Luis Moya ◽  
Erick Mas ◽  
Fumio Yamazaki ◽  
Wen Liu ◽  
Shunichi Koshimura
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Road Networks ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Aerial Photos ◽  
Geometrical Properties ◽  
Frame Buildings ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Wood Frame ◽  
Collapsed Buildings ◽  
The Relationship

Debris scattering is one of the main causes of road/street blockage after earthquakes in dense urban areas. Therefore, the evaluation of debris scattering is crucial for decision makers and for producing an effective emergency response. In this vein, this article presents the following: (1) statistical data concerning the debris extent of collapsed buildings caused by the 2016 Mw 7.0 Kumamoto earthquake in Japan; (2) an investigation of the factors influencing the extent of debris; (3) probability functions for the debris extent; and (4) applications in the evaluation of road networks. To accomplish these tasks, LiDAR data and aerial photos acquired before and after the mainshock (16 April 2016) were used. This valuable dataset gives us the opportunity to accurately quantify the relationship between the debris extent and the geometrical properties of buildings.

scholarly journals Durability of traditional clamped joints in the vapour barrier layer: experimental and numerical analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (11) ◽  
pp. 996-1000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars Gullbrekken ◽  
Klodian Gradeci ◽  
Øyvind Norvik ◽  
Petra Rüther ◽  
Stig Geving
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
The Other ◽  
Use Of Self ◽  
Air Leakage ◽  
Building Envelopes ◽  
Frame Buildings ◽  
Wood Frame ◽  
Numerical Estimations

Clamped joints of wood frame buildings are a traditional way in Norway to attain airtight joints for the air and vapour barrier. There are numerous defects registered in the SINTEF Building Defects Archive related to air leakage through the vapour barrier, on one hand, and stricter requirements for reduced energy consumption, on the other hand, question today’s efficacy of these type of joints. This study investigates the durability of clamped joints by studying how the airtightness is affected by several drying and wetting cycles. Experimental work is carried out to measure air leakage rates, which in turn, are used to evaluate their impact on the airtightness of two different constructions by numerical estimations. Results show that the air leakage rates are increased significantly due to transient climatic conditions. Clamped joints may no longer provide airtight building envelopes given the stricter requirements for energy consumption and implications of climate change. A more promising and robust alternative is the use of self-adhesive tapes.

EPIPHYTE RESPONSE TO WOODLAND HABITAT CONDITION ASSESSED USING COMMUNITY INDICATORS: A SIMPLIFIED METHOD FOR SCOTLAND’S TEMPERATE RAIN FOREST

2020 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 519-541
Author(s):  
V. Brosnan ◽  
C. J. Ellis
Keyword(s):  
Rain Forest ◽  
Ecological Stability ◽  
Forest Zone ◽  
Community Indicators ◽  
Temperate Rain Forest ◽  
Temporal Continuity ◽  
Epiphyte Communities ◽  
Community Types ◽  
Intensively Managed ◽  
Epiphyte Community

National vegetation classification (NVC) has been widely applied as a framework for mapping and conserving plant species and community types. However, a limited availability of expertise has prevented NVCs from being developed and used in cryptogam-dominated systems, such as for temperate and boreal epiphyte communities. This study simplified a recent systematically sampled NVC, trialled for epiphyte communities in Scotland, by reducing the original list of 82 community indicators to 34 easily recognisable species (lichens, mosses and liverworts). These were subsequently sampled from woodland sites positioned in Scotland’s temperate rain forest zone. Sites were positioned among localities in less intensively managed landscapes (northwest Scotland) through to peri-urban environments (southern Scotland), grouping sites for each locality based on a contrast in woodland temporal continuity (ancient or recent). The richness and diversity of epiphyte community indicators were compared with easily measured variables reflecting stand heterogeneity or ecological stability, and woodland temporal continuity, with air pollution as a covariable. Richness and diversity were significantly explained by the ecological stability of woodland stands, heterogeneity of the light environment, and nitrogen pollution. This demonstrates a tool that can be deployed by the non-specialist, with appropriate training, to quantify the condition of a woodland stand through consequences for its epiphytes in globally important temperate rain forest. The pattern of richness and diversity was consistent with the co-occurrence of particular indicator species, which represent the range of epiphyte community types supported by a woodland.

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