Effects of Wash Temperature on Bacterial Survival and Strength Retention of Cotton Fabrics

1993 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 211
Author(s):  
DR Petersen ◽  
TA Perenich ◽  
MA Moore
Keyword(s):  
Cotton Fabrics ◽  
Bacterial Survival ◽  
Wash Temperature ◽  
Strength Retention

scholarly journals Established an eco-friendly cotton fabric treating process with enhancing anti-wrinkle performance

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 155892502110034
Author(s):  
Xiongfang Luo ◽  
Pei Cheng ◽  
Wencong Wang ◽  
Jiajia Fu ◽  
Weidong Gao
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Cotton Fabric ◽  
Crosslinking Agent ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Waterborne Polyurethane ◽  
Cotton Fabrics ◽  
Wrinkle Resistance ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Strength Retention

This study establishes an eco-friendly anti-wrinkle treating process for cotton fabric. Sodium hydroxide-liquid ammonia pretreatment followed by 6% (w/w) PU100 adding citric acid pad-cure-dry finishing. In this process, citric acid (CA) was used as the fundamental crosslinking agent during finishing because it is a non-formaldehyde based, cost-effective and well wrinkle resistance agent. Environmental-friendly waterborne polyurethane (WPU) was used as an additive to add to the CA finishing solution. Six commercial WPUs were systematically investigated. Fabric properties like wrinkle resistance, tensile strength retention, whiteness, durable press, softness, and wettability were well investigated. Fourier transform infrared spectra and X-ray diffraction spectra were also measured and discussed before and after adding waterborne polyurethane. Tentative mechanism of the interaction among the WPU, CA, and modified cotton fabrics is provided. The effect of cotton fabric pretreatment on fabric performance was also investigated. After the eco-process’s treatment, the fabric wrinkle resistant angle was upgraded to 271 ± 7°, tensile strength retention was maintained at 66.77% ± 3.50% and CIE whiteness was elevated to 52.13 ± 3.21, which are much better than the traditional CA anti-wrinkle finishing based on mercerized cotton fabrics. This study provides useful information for textile researchers and engineers.

Durable Antibacterial Finish on Cotton Fabrics with PAMAM/Ag+

2011 ◽  
Vol 332-334 ◽  
pp. 77-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuan Jie Zhang ◽  
Hong Yang ◽  
Yun Liu ◽  
Ping Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Cotton Fabric ◽  
Antibacterial Agent ◽  
Antibacterial Property ◽  
Breaking Strength ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Pamam Dendrimers ◽  
Cotton Fabrics ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Strength Retention ◽  
Better Than

Cotton fabric with excellent antibacterial properties was obtained by treated with polyamide-amine (PAMAM) dendrimers as a carrier and silver nitrate as an antibacterial agent. The antibacterial cotton fabrics were prepared by the methods of one-bath process and two-bath process. Antibacterial activity of cotton fabrics treated by two different methods was good, but the antibacterial durability of cotton fabric treated with two-bath process was better than that treated with one-bath process. After 50 washing cycles, cotton fabric treated with two-bath process still had good antibacterial property and its inhibitory rate to Gram-positive S. aureus and Gram-negative E. coli was over 99 %. It was found that the breaking strength retention of finished cotton fabrics was 85.83 % and the decrease of cotton fabrics’ whiteness index was about 15 %.

Wool: Its Effect On Flame Retardant Properties of Blend Fabrics

1983 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
John V. Beninate ◽  
Brenda J. Trask ◽  
Timothy A. Calamari ◽  
George L. Drake
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Degradation ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Oxygen Index ◽  
Cotton Fabrics ◽  
Cotton Wool ◽  
Burning Rates ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Flame Retardant Properties ◽  
Strength Retention

Durable phosphorus-based flame retardants were applied to twill fabrics con taining cotton and wool to study the effect of wool on the flame retardancy and physical properties of the blend fabrics. The presence of wool in untreated blend fabrics caused burning rates to decrease and oxygen index values to increase as wool content increased in the blends. These effects were also observed in cotton/ wool blends treated with low levels of the Thps-urea-TMM flame retardant, but were less pronounced in fabrics treated at high levels. Thermogravimetric analyses were conducted to study the thermal degradation of the treated and untreated fabrics. The presence of wool in treated blend fabrics did not sig nificantly change strength retention, area shrinkage and wrinkle recovery values in comparison to similarly treated 100% cotton fabrics.

Polysulfide Crosslinked Cotton by Reaction of Chlorodeoxycellulose with Ethylenediamine Hydrosulfide

1976 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 261-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tyrone L. Vigo
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Cotton Fabrics ◽  
Degree Of Substitution ◽  
Wrinkle Resistance ◽  
Strength Retention

Cotton fabrics with polysulfide crosslinks were prepared by reacting chlorodeoxycellulose with ethylenediamine hydrosulfide in ethylenediamine at 54–100°C. The polysulfide fabrics had good wet wrinkle resistance (280°) and strength retention (above 65%). Oxidation of the crosslinked fabrics with hydrogen peroxide did not adversely affect these textile properties. The effect of reaction time and temperature, hydrosulfide concentration, reaction solvents, method of treatment, and degree of substitution of chlorodeoxycellulose on the strength and wrinkle resistance of the polysulfide crosslinked fabrics was determined.

Nonformaldehyde Polymerization-Crosslinking Treatment of Cotton Fabrics for Improved Strength Retention

1992 ◽  
Vol 62 (10) ◽  
pp. 614-618 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyung-Min Choi
Keyword(s):  
Dicarboxylic Acids ◽  
Cotton Fabrics ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Chemical Analyses ◽  
Free Radical Initiator ◽  
Carboxylic Groups ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Esterification Reactions ◽  
Strength Retention ◽  
Crosslinking Agents

A new concept in polycarboxylic crosslinking agents for cellulose is introduced using olefinically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids, maleic acid (MA), and itaconic acid (IA). In contrast to previous studies involving acids containing at least three carboxylic groups per molecule, we found that the dicarboxylic monomers can be effective cross-linking agents for cellulose when they are applied in the presence of a free radical initiator and an esterification catalyst. The results demonstrate that the system of a 1:1 mole ratio of MA and IA substantially increases a smooth drying appearance while maintaining much improved strength retention of the treated fabric and without involving any formaldehyde. Striking effects appear in the increased Stoll flex abrasion resistance of the treated fabric. The evidence of cellulose crosslinks through esterification reactions of carboxyl groups in MA and IA and cellulose hydroxyl groups is confirmed by chemical analyses and FT-IR spectra.

Cross-Linking of Cotton by Graft Polymerization with Vinyl Monomers

1969 ◽  
Vol 39 (12) ◽  
pp. 1110-1116 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Åsnes ◽  
C. Edén ◽  
R. Larking
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Matrix ◽  
Steric Hindrance ◽  
Graft Polymerization ◽  
Ethyl Acrylate ◽  
Cotton Fabrics ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Vinyl Monomers ◽  
Separate Step ◽  
Acidic Conditions ◽  
Strength Retention

Cotton fabrics have been reacted with N-methylolated acrylamide and methacrylamide in a single-ended reaction under acidic conditions similar to moist cross-linking or moist curing. Polymerization of the vinyl groups of the single-end reacted fabric has been initiated in a separate step with azobisisobutyronitrile. This polymerization was made with and without additions of monomers of methacrylamide, ethyl acrylate, ethoxyethylmethacrylate, and isoprene in methanol solution. The polymerization of the vinyl groups of the single-end reacted fabric is subjected to steric hindrance. By additions of vinyl monomers in the polymerization step, this steric hindrance can be overcome. By using this method, the polymer matrix, through which the cross-linking of cellulose is obtained, can be altered chemically by changing the monomers added. Fabric testing showed that wash-wear appearance increases when vinyl monomers are added in the polymerization step. The added monomers influence strength retention. The results indicate that monomers, like isoprene, which is supposed to give a rubberlike polymer matrix through which the cellulose is cross-linked, give the best strength retention.

Phosphorus-Nitrogen Flame Retardant via Copper Complex

1969 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 363-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Donaldson ◽  
D. J. Daigle
Keyword(s):  
Cotton Fabric ◽  
Flame Retardancy ◽  
Ammonium Hydroxide ◽  
Cotton Fabrics ◽  
Gaseous Ammonia ◽  
Copper Salts ◽  
Single Bath ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Strength Retention ◽  
Stability Of The Solution

Copper salts were found to stabilize tetrakis (hydroxymethyl) phosphonium hydroxide (THPOH)-ammonium hydroxide solutions by formation of a complex thereby making it possible to apply THPOH to cotton fabric from a single bath without the use of gaseous ammonia. The effect of the concentration of copper salts, THPOH, and NH4OH on the stability of the solution was studied. Cotton fabric with good flame retardancy, strength retention, and hand was obtained by the use of conventional pad-cure techniques for applying the solutions. Cotton fabrics with approximately 17% add-ons retained their flame retardancy after 25 home launderings.

Preparation of multiple-reactive-site and flexible crosslinking agent with transaconitic acid and acrylic acid and its application for three-dimensional crosslinking of cellulose

2021 ◽  
pp. 004051752110678
Author(s):  
Ting Liang ◽  
Kelu Yan ◽  
Tao Zhao ◽  
Bolin Ji
Keyword(s):  
Acrylic Acid ◽  
Crosslinking Agent ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cotton Fabrics ◽  
Carboxyl Groups ◽  
Reactive Site ◽  
Polycarboxylic Acid ◽  
Recovery Angle ◽  
Strength Retention ◽  
Tearing Strength

A novel multiple-reactive-site crosslinking agent, P(TAA‒AA), was developed from transaconitic acid and acrylic acid in this study. Cotton fabrics with durable wrinkle-resistant properties were obtained by crosslinking with P(TAA‒AA), which benefited from the multifunctional carboxyl groups of crosslinking agents and the three-dimensional crosslinking inside cotton fibers. The wrinkle-resistant properties of P(TAA‒AA)-modified fabrics were evaluated and compared with those of other polycarboxylic acid-treated fabrics, and the P(TAA‒AA)-modified fabrics showed a wrinkle recovery angle of 262° as high as the 1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylic acid-modified fabrics while maintaining nearly two-fold higher tearing strength retention (62.9%), and they showed a much higher value of whiteness index than the citric acid-modified fabrics. This demonstrated that the obtained P(TAA‒AA) is an ideal polycarboxylic acid already known to date simultaneously to realize the high wrinkle recovery angle and high tearing strength retention for treated cotton fabrics. The Raman depth mapping images and the scanning electron microscope images of P(TAA‒AA)-modified samples indicated that P(TAA‒AA) molecules can diffuse into the amorphous regions of the cellulose fibers and form crosslinking bridges between cellulose chains. The multiple reactive carboxyl groups in P(TAA‒AA) may form three or more ester bonds between the P(TAA‒AA) molecule and different cellulose chains, which were regarded as the main contribution to the high crosslinking effectiveness of the P(TAA‒AA)-modified fabrics.

Recurability and Textile Properties of Postactivated Cotton and Blend Fabrics

1977 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 440-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clinton P. Wade ◽  
William E. Franklin ◽  
Stanley P. Rowland
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Glycolic Acid ◽  
Cotton Fabrics ◽  
Durable Press ◽  
Strength Retention ◽  
Better Than

Cotton and cotton-polyester blend fabrics were finished by a dimethyloldihydroxyethyleneurea (DMDHEU)-glycolic acid-postactivation process to give fully-cured durable-press fabrics which could be given sharp, permanent creases by an ironing process. The resilience and strength-retention properties of these fabrics were equivalent to, or slightly better, than those of corresponding cotton or blend fabrics which had been finished by conventional durable-press processes. The postactivated blend fabrics accepted better creases at low temperatures than the corresponding cotton fabrics, but at the moderately higher temperatures required to form acceptable permanent creases, the creasabilities of the cotton and blend fabrics were almost equivalent. Unmodified blend fabrics and conventionally finished durable-press blend fabrics, either postactivated or not activated, accepted better permanent creases than the corresponding cotton fabrics, but none of these creases were acceptable.

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