Improvised Explosive Devices: Pipe Bombs

2001 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 15000J ◽  
Author(s):  
Jimmie C. Oxley ◽  
James L. Smith ◽  
Elmo Resende ◽  
Evan Rogers ◽  
Richard A. Strobel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Improvised Explosive Devices ◽  
Pipe Bombs ◽  
Improvised Explosive ◽  
Explosive Devices

scholarly journals Determination of anionic profiling of improvised explosive devices from different types of low explosive material

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamad Afiq Mohamed Huri ◽  
Umi Kalthom Ahmad ◽  
Mustafa Omar
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Inorganic Ions ◽  
Improvised Explosive Devices ◽  
Explosive Material ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Pipe Bombs ◽  
Inorganic Constituents ◽  
Improvised Explosive ◽  
Explosive Devices

Improvised explosive devices  or also known as homemade explosive devices are frequently abused for public terrorism. This types of explosive devices are well fabricated and  made in improvised manner by incorporating military or commercially sourced explosive. It is often used for terrorism as the material of the devices are readily available at low cost and can be obtain legally without any suspicion from the sellers. Chemical composition of explosives holds a lot of useful information in establishing a link between a perpetrator and a bombing case. Analysis of post-blast explosive and pre-blast explosive is equally important since the chemical reaction during explosion will change the product of the composition. Different types of explosive material are also expected to give different composition profiling.  In this study, four types of pyrotechnics explosives packed in pipe bombs were utilized via sampling exercise. Cotton swabbing technique was employed as method extraction as it is easy to perform, rapid, less solvent use and lab time are reduced.The determination of anionic inorganic constituents of improvised explosives were  performed using ion chromatography. Post blast residues were analyzed to compare the changes of inorganic ions to its origin from pre blast samples. Inorganic ions were separated using Metrosep A SUPP 5 column and an eluent consisting of 1.0 mmol/L of NaHCO3 with 3.2 mmol/L Na2CO3. Anions of interest including  NO2-, NO32-, PO42-, SO42-, SCN-,  and ClO4-  have been successfully separated within 60 minutes. Types and amount of anion detected are different from different materials of explosive devices.________________________________________GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

Four years of orthopaedic activities in Chinese Role 2 Hospital of eastern Mali peacekeeping area

2018 ◽  
Vol 166 (3) ◽  
pp. 156-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dawei Zhang ◽  
Z Li ◽  
X Cao ◽  
B Li
Keyword(s):  
Damage Control ◽  
Damage Control Surgery ◽  
Treatment Facility ◽  
Improvised Explosive Devices ◽  
Skill Sets ◽  
Medical Treatment Facility ◽  
Chinese Military ◽  
Surgical Teams ◽  
Improvised Explosive ◽  
Explosive Devices

IntroductionThe Chinese Role 2 Hospital (CHN-Role 2H) Medical Treatment Facility (MTF) was founded in July 2013 as part of the Chinese commitment to Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in Mali (MINUSMA). It provides medical care for approximately 5200 personnel of the whole Sector East of MINUSMA including UN military personnel, UN police and UN civilian staff. The aim of this study was to determine the orthopaedic surgical activity over a 4-year period to facilitate the training of future Chinese military surgical teams.Materials and methodsSurgical records of all patients operated on at the CHN-Role 2H between 28 March 2014 to 28 March 2018 were identified, and all orthopaedic activity were analysed.ResultsDuring this period, 1190 patients underwent 2024 surgical procedures. Orthopaedic procedures represented 961/2024 (47.5%) of all the procedures. Battle injury (BI) represented 43% of patients. Improvised explosive devices (IEDs) were responsible for 15.8 % casualties. Fractures (49%) and soft tissue injures (43%) were the most common injuries, with 61% of the fractures being open. Damage control surgery including debridement (23.52%) and external fixation (17.90%) were the most frequently performed interventions.ConclusionOrthopaedic surgery is the most frequently performed surgery in the CHN-Role 2H in Mali. The complexity and severity of injuries demonstrate the urgent need for tailored training and extended skill sets for deploying military orthopaedic surgeons.

scholarly journals Frequency of Improvised Explosive Devices and Suicide Attempts in the U.S. Army

2017 ◽  
Vol 182 (3) ◽  
pp. e1697-e1703 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Ursano ◽  
Ronald C. Kessler ◽  
James A. Naifeh ◽  
Holly Herberman Mash ◽  
Carol S. Fullerton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Improvised Explosive Devices ◽  
Improvised Explosive ◽  
Explosive Devices ◽  
The U.S

Usability Dimensions of Simulated Detectors for Improvised Explosive Devices

2020 ◽  
pp. 130-143
Author(s):  
Crystal Maraj ◽  
Jonathan Hurter ◽  
Dean Reed ◽  
Clive Hoayun ◽  
Adam Moodie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Improvised Explosive Devices ◽  
Improvised Explosive ◽  
Explosive Devices

Close Proximity Blast Injury Patterns From Improvised Explosive Devices in Iraq: A Report of 18 Cases

2007 ◽  
Vol PAP ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas J. Nelson ◽  
Travis Clark ◽  
Eric T. Stedje-Larsen ◽  
Christopher T. Lewis ◽  
James M. Grueskin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blast Injury ◽  
Injury Patterns ◽  
Improvised Explosive Devices ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Improvised Explosive ◽  
Explosive Devices
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