Quantification of Surface Roughness Using Laser Scanning with Application to the Frictional Resistance of Sand-Timber Pile Interfaces

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 20180384
Author(s):  
Marissa P. Rauthause ◽  
Armin W. Stuedlein ◽  
Michael J. Olsen
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Frictional Resistance

Application of Taguchi and Response Surface Methodologies for Surface Roughness in Rotary Tool Polishing Hardness Mould Steels

2011 ◽  
Vol 87 ◽  
pp. 82-89
Author(s):  
Potejanasak Potejana ◽  
Chakthong Thongchattu
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Optimal Level ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Milling Machine ◽  
Cnc Milling ◽  
Polishing Process ◽  
Cnc Milling Machine

This research proposes a new application of 3-axis CNC milling machine for polishing the 60 HRC hardness steels. The rotary polishing tools are designed by refer to the end-mill ball nose’s design. The diamond powder are coated in rotary polishing tools by resinoid bonding method and concentrated in 4.4 karat/cm2. The Zig-milling tool paths are used to polish the hardness steel. After polishing, the confocal laser scanning microscope is used to analyze the arithmetic mean surface roughness of the hardness steels. The L12 orthogonal array of the Taguchi’s method is selected to conduct the matrix experiment to determine the optimal polishing process parameters. The diamond grit size and cutting speed of the rotary polishing tools, feed rate and step over of the tool path, the depth of polishing process penetration, and polishing time are used to study. The combination of the optimal level for each factor of the hardness steel polishing process are used to study again in the confirmation experiment. The predicted signal to noise ratio of smaller - the better under optimal condition are calculated by using the data from the experiment. The combination of the optimal level for each factor are used to study again in the confirmation experiment and the result show that polishing time was a dominant parameter for the surface roughness and the next was depth of penetration. The response surface design is then used to build the relationship between the input parameters and output responses. The experimental results show that the integrated approach does indeed find the optimal parameters that result in very good output responses in the rotary polishing tools polished hardness mould steel using CNC milling machine. The mean surface roughness of hardness steel polishing process is improved by the diamond rotary tools with the 3-axis CNC milling machine.

Formability of the Layer Additive Ceramic Part

2008 ◽  
Vol 594 ◽  
pp. 241-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fwu Hsing Liu ◽  
Yunn Shiuan Liao ◽  
Hsiu Ping Wang
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Selective Laser Sintering ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Dimensional Accuracy ◽  
Scanning Speed ◽  
Laser Sintering ◽  
Single Line ◽  
Laser Scanning Speed ◽  
Silica Slurry

The material in powder state has long been used by selective laser sintering (SLS) for making rapid prototyping (RP) parts. A new approach to fabricate smoother surface roughness RP parts of ceramic material from slurry-sate has been developed in this study. The silica slurry was successfully laser-gelling in a self-developed laser sintering equipment. In order to overcome the insufficient bonding strength between layers, a strategy is proposed to generate ceramic parts from a single line, a single layer, to multi-layers of gelled cramic in this paper. It is found that when the overlap of each single line is 25% and the over-gel between layers is 30%, stronger and more accurate dimensional parts can be obtained under a laser power of 15W, a laser scanning speed of 250 mm/s, and a layer thickness of 0.1 mm. The 55:45 wt. % of the proportion between the silica powder and silica solution results in suitable viscosity of the ceramic slurries without precipitation. Furthermore, the effects of process parameters for the dimensional accuracy and surface roughness of the gelled parts are investigated and appropriate parameters are obtained.

Effect of fiber dosage on water permeability using a newly designed apparatus and crack monitoring of steel fiber–reinforced concrete under direct tensile loading

2021 ◽  
pp. 147592172110528
Author(s):  
Zahoor Hussain ◽  
Zhang Pu ◽  
Abasal Hussain ◽  
Shakeel Ahmed ◽  
Atta Ullah Shah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Water Permeability ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Steel Fiber ◽  
Tensile Loading ◽  
Fiber Content ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Direct Tensile

Cracks in concrete structures have always been the main reason to allow the aggressive and harmful agents to infringe the concrete resulting in its deterioration and decreasing lifespan. In the present study, the water permeability of the cracked concrete has been investigated. The consequences of cracking on the durability and endurance of concrete were also studied. A state-of-the-art permeability setup was designed to measure the water flow in normal and fiber-reinforced concrete under direct tensile loading. The setup was convenient for determining the average stress applied to the concrete specimens and simultaneously the maximum crack opening. Furthermore, the effect of fiber content on the cracking geometry (tortuosity and roughness) was evaluated by incorporating the coordinate data of the cracked surface using a 3D sensor-based laser scanning data acquisition system. To understand the effect of fiber content on the cracking geometry (tortuosity and roughness), the acquired data were then analyzed. Test results show that the designed setup is suitable to measure the water permeability under direct tensile loading. Water permeability decreased upon increasing the steel fiber dosage. Besides, the results show that tortuosity decreased while surface roughness increased with the fiber dosage increment. Promising preliminary results indicated that there is an inverse relationship between surface roughness and water permeability. The crack sensing setup successfully monitored the crack.

Effect of Calcium-phosphate Desensitizers on Staining Susceptibility of Acid-eroded Enamel

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
KY Kyaw ◽  
M Otsuki ◽  
MS Segarra ◽  
N Hiraishi ◽  
J Tagami
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Color Difference ◽  
Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Before And After

SUMMARY Objective: To investigate the effect of calcium-phosphate–based desensitizers, Teethmate AP paste (TMAP) and Teethmate Desensitizer (TMD) (Kuraray Noritake Dental, Tokyo, Japan), on the prevention of staining on acid-eroded enamel. Methods and Materials: Forty polished enamel samples (4×4×1 mm) from bovine incisors were randomly divided into five groups (n=8). After immersion in 50 mL of 0.5% citric acid (pH 2.5) for 15 minutes to form acid-eroded surfaces, the surfaces were subjected to different treatments with TMAP, TMD, and NaF (0.21% means 950 ppm) for five minutes. Another eroded group was not treated with desensitizer. For the control group, the samples were not eroded or treated. All the samples were stored in artificial saliva (AS) at pH 7.2 for 24 hours at 37°C. The TMAP, TMD, or NaF was reapplied at eight and 16 hours during the 24 hours of storage time. The surface roughness (Sa) was evaluated following ISO 25178 for surface texture using confocal laser scanning microscopy (VK-X 150 series, Keyence, Osaka, Japan) before acid erosion, after acid erosion, and after 24 hours of incubation in AS. Afterward, the color difference was measured with a dental colorimeter (Shade Eye NCC, Shofu, Kyoto, Japan) before and after staining with tea solution. Results: One-way repeated measures analysis of variance showed that acid erosion significantly increased Sa (p<0.001). TMAP- and TMD-treated groups exhibited lower Sa values than the NaF group and the no-desensitizer treatment group. The greatest staining was observed in the NaF group and the no-desensitizer group, while the TMAP and TMD groups significantly decreased the formation of stains. Conclusions: Acid-eroded enamel increased surface roughness and tended to absorb more stains. However, the application of TMAP and TMD moderated the roughness and thus prevented the formation of extrinsic stains.

scholarly journals Research and Optimization of Surface Roughness in Milling of SLM Semi-Finished Parts Manufactured by Using the Different Laser Scanning Speed

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Matras
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Feed Rate ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Cutting Tool ◽  
Scanning Speed ◽  
Milling Process ◽  
Face Milling ◽  
Machining Parameters ◽  
The Face ◽  
Laser Scanning Speed

The paper studies the potential to improve the surface roughness in parts manufactured in the Selective Laser Melting (SLM) process by using additional milling. The studied process was machining of samples made of the AlSi10Mg alloy powder. The simultaneous impacts of the laser scanning speed of the SLM process and the machining parameters of the milling process (such as the feed rate and milling width) on the surface roughness were analyzed. A mathematical model was created as a basis for optimizing the parameters of the studied processes and for selecting the sets of optimum solutions. As a result of the research, surface with low roughness (Ra = 0.14 μm, Rz = 1.1 μm) was obtained after the face milling. The performed milling allowed to reduce more than 20-fold the roughness of the SLM sample surfaces. The feed rate and the cutting width increase resulted in the surface roughness deterioration. Some milled surfaces were damaged by the chip adjoining to the rake face of the cutting tool back tooth.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Surface Roughness of Compomer by Laser Scanning Microscopy.

2001 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 172-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neamat ABU-BAKR ◽  
Linlin HAN ◽  
Akira OKAMOTO ◽  
Masaaki IWAKU
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Microscopy
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