Lithium Extraction to Determine Ammonium in the Exchange Complex of Bentonite

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 20170004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa C. Setz ◽  
Craig H. Benson ◽  
Sabrina L. Bradshaw ◽  
Kuo Tian
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Complex

Exchangeable Cations and Picloram Sorption by Soil and Model Adsorbents

Weed Science ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Arnold ◽  
W. J. Farmer
Keyword(s):  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Anion Exchange ◽  
Equilibrium Solution ◽  
Exchange Resin ◽  
Anion Exchange Resin ◽  
Cation Exchange Resin ◽  
Adsorptive Capacity ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Exchange Complex ◽  
Polyvalent Cations

The adsorption of picloram (4-amino-3,5,6-trichloropicolinic acid) was determined on an Aiken silt loam, on three cation exchange resins and on a single anion exchange resin. Adsorption data were evaluated using parameters in the Freundlich equation and their dependance upon cationic composition of the exchange complex, the ionic composition of the equilibrium solution, and the equilibrium solution pH. For the Aiken soil saturated with metallic cations the order of decreasing picloram adsorptive capacity was Fe+3= Cu+2> Al+3> Zn+2> Ca+2> native soil. Increases in adsorption compared to the native Aiken soil could be explained on the basis of decreases in the equilibrium solution pH except for Fe+3, Zn+2, and especially the Cu+2treatments. The adsorptive capacity of the Aiken soil was altered by the addition of several salts simulating addition of fertilizer salts. The Cu+2and Zn+2salts were the only treatments showing increased adsorption which could not be explained readily by pH changes. KH2PO4and NH2CONH2(urea) reduced picloram adsorption. Dowex 50-1 × 4, a strongly acidic cation exchange resin, showed increased picloram adsorptive capacity in the order Cu+2> Al+3> Ca+2> Zn+2= H+. Cellex CM, a weakly acidic cellulose exchanger had increased adsorptive capacities in the order of Cu+2> Ca+2> Al+3> Na+> Fe+3> Zn+2. Picloram adsorption by an anion exchange resin at pH 6.1 was nearly 100%. These results suggest that complex formation of picloram with polyvalent cations on the exchange complex is likely especially for Cu+2and to a lesser extent Fe+3and Zn+2. In soils such complex reactions would most probably involve organic matter, polyvalent cations, and picloram. The formation of chelate ring species is proposed.

scholarly journals Functional characterization and architecture of recombinant yeast SWR1 histone exchange complex

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (12) ◽  
pp. 7249-7260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chia-Liang Lin ◽  
Yuriy Chaban ◽  
David M. Rees ◽  
Elizabeth A. McCormack ◽  
Lorraine Ocloo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Recombinant Yeast ◽  
Exchange Complex ◽  
Histone Exchange

Freeze–thaw cycling concurrent with cation exchange and the hydraulic conductivity of geosynthetic clay liners

2014 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 591-598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory P. Makusa ◽  
Sabrina L. Bradshaw ◽  
Erin Berns ◽  
Craig H. Benson ◽  
Sven Knutsson
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Pore Water ◽  
Geosynthetic Clay Liners ◽  
Clay Liners ◽  
Chemical Changes ◽  
Clay Liner ◽  
Freeze Thaw ◽  
Exchange Complex ◽  
Before And After

A study was conducted to assess the effect of cation exchange concurrent with freeze–thaw cycling on the hydraulic conductivity of a geosynthetic clay liner (GCL). GCLs were prehydrated by contact with silica flour moistened with synthetic subgrade pore water and subsequently permeated with a solution representing the pore water in the cover soil over a tailings facility. Control tests were conducted using the same procedure, except deionized (DI) water was used as the permeant liquid to preclude cation exchange from the permeant liquid. The GCLs were subjected to 1, 3, 5, 15, and 20 freeze–thaw cycles, and the hydraulic conductivity and exchange complex were determined before and after freeze–thaw cycling to assess chemical changes that occurred during freezing, thawing, and permeation. GCLs undergoing freeze–thaw cycling experienced little to no cation exchange through 5 freeze–thaw cycles. After 20 freeze–thaw cycles, 50% of the sodium (Na+) initially in the exchange complex was replaced by calcium (Ca2+). Dissolution of calcite within the bentonite is a likely source of the Ca2+. Hydraulic conductivity of the GCLs exposed to freeze–thaw cycling was lower than the hydraulic conductivity of a new GCL permeated with DI water (<2.2 × 10−11 m/s). A small increase in hydraulic conductivity (∼2.3 times), which may have been caused by cation exchange, occurred between 15 and 20 freeze–thaw cycles, but the hydraulic conductivity remained below the hydraulic conductivity of a new GCL unexposed to freeze–thaw cycling and permeated with DI water.

scholarly journals Ammonia transport in cultured gill epithelium of freshwater rainbow trout: the importance of Rhesus glycoproteins and the presence of an apical Na+/NH4+ exchange complex

2009 ◽  
Vol 212 (6) ◽  
pp. 878-892 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. K. N. Tsui ◽  
C. Y. C. Hung ◽  
C. M. Nawata ◽  
J. M. Wilson ◽  
P. A. Wright ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Gill Epithelium ◽  
Exchange Complex ◽  
Ammonia Transport

Soil solution and exchange complex response to repeated wetting–drying with modestly saline–sodic water

2007 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
James W. Bauder ◽  
Kimberly R. Hershberger ◽  
Linzy S. Browning
Keyword(s):  
Soil Solution ◽  
Complex Response ◽  
Exchange Complex ◽  
Sodic Water

scholarly journals The Ccz1-Mon1-Rab7 module and Rab5 control distinct steps of autophagy

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (20) ◽  
pp. 3132-3142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krisztina Hegedűs ◽  
Szabolcs Takáts ◽  
Attila Boda ◽  
András Jipa ◽  
Péter Nagy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pi3 Kinase ◽  
Small Gtpase ◽  
Fat Cells ◽  
Null Mutant ◽  
Starvation Response ◽  
Lysosomal Function ◽  
Exchange Complex ◽  
Endosome Maturation ◽  
Mutant Cells

The small GTPase Rab5 promotes recruitment of the Ccz1-Mon1 guanosine exchange complex to endosomes to activate Rab7, which facilitates endosome maturation and fusion with lysosomes. How these factors function during autophagy is incompletely understood. Here we show that autophagosomes accumulate due to impaired fusion with lysosomes upon loss of the Ccz1-Mon1-Rab7 module in starved Drosophila fat cells. In contrast, autophagosomes generated in Rab5-null mutant cells normally fuse with lysosomes during the starvation response. Consistent with that, Rab5 is dispensable for the Ccz1-Mon1–dependent recruitment of Rab7 to PI3P-positive autophagosomes, which are generated by the action of the Atg14-containing Vps34 PI3 kinase complex. Finally, we find that Rab5 is required for proper lysosomal function. Thus the Ccz1-Mon1-Rab7 module is required for autophagosome-lysosome fusion, whereas Rab5 loss interferes with a later step of autophagy: the breakdown of autophagic cargo within lysosomes.

scholarly journals Roles for the Histone Modifying and Exchange Complex NuA4 in Cell Cycle Progression inDrosophila melanogaster

Genetics ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 203 (3) ◽  
pp. 1265-1281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerry Flegel ◽  
Olga Grushko ◽  
Kelsey Bolin ◽  
Ellen Griggs ◽  
Laura Buttitta
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Cell Cycle Progression ◽  
Cycle Progression ◽  
Exchange Complex
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document