An Empirical Relationship for Determining Shear Wave Velocity in Granular Materials Accounting for Grain Morphology

2009 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 100796 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. D. Suits ◽  
T. C. Sheahan ◽  
A. Patel ◽  
P. P. Bartake ◽  
D. N. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Granular Materials ◽  
Shear Wave ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Shear Wave Velocity ◽  
Empirical Relationship ◽  
Grain Morphology

Measuring soil bulk density from shear wave velocity using piezoelectric sensors

Soil Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
Mohammad Omar Faruk Murad ◽  
Budiman Minasny ◽  
Brendan Malone ◽  
Kip Crossing
Keyword(s):  
Bulk Density ◽  
Shear Wave ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Shear Wave Velocity ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Empirical Relationship ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Soda Lime Glass ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Soil Density

Bulk density and soil stiffness moduli are vital physical parameters related to soil compaction, porosity, moisture storage capacity, soil penetration resistance and structural integrity. Conventional methods for measuring soil density and stiffness moduli are destructive, time-consuming, complex, expensive and often require skilled operators to conduct the tests. A new soil density and stiffness moduli measurement technique that can evaluate soil density and stiffness moduli more rapidly, efficiently and precisely, at a low cost is introduced here. This study evaluated the use of shear wave velocity measurements using the piezoelectric extender and bender elements as a viable alternative to measure soil density and stiffness moduli of soil. To test this idea, soda-lime glass beads of <0.002, 0.04–0.07 and 1.00–1.30 mm in diameter were used to develop the empirical relationship between the shear wave velocity and the bulk density of soil in laboratory conditions. These empirical equations were then tested on sands and clayey soils for validation. Accuracy in terms of coefficient of determination (R2) and root mean squared error (RMSE) from the current and existing studies ranged within 0.91–0.93 and 0.073–0.177 g cm–3 respectively. Both shear and Young moduli were compared with the shear wave velocity of soil, with R2 and RMSE of 0.96–0.97 and 0.48–3.5 MPa respectively. The major advantage of this technique is that input and output signal data can be stored in a computer that can be used to calculate soil density and stiffness moduli automatically. This technique could play a vital role in improving crop yield and soil management practices.

scholarly journals Determination of shear wave velocity from borehole database in the Osaka Basin, Japan

2000 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dinesh Pathak ◽  
Yoshinori Iwasaki ◽  
Koichi Nakagawa
Keyword(s):  
Shear Wave ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Earthquake Engineering ◽  
Shear Wave Velocity ◽  
Empirical Relationship ◽  
Standard Penetration Test ◽  
Shear Wave Velocities ◽  
Subsurface Material ◽  
Geological Facies ◽  
Osaka Basin

The shear wave velocity (Vs) provides important information on the properties of subsurface material that has significance in earthquake engineering and in the other works to be carried out in the major cities on alluvial basins. An empirical relationship has been obtained for the Vs with the N value (from standard penetration test) and depth for different geological facies of varying age using the database of 84 investigation boreholes in the Osaka Basin. The calculated and observed shear wave velocities are very close to each other. The obtained equation has been applied to calculate Vs (m/sec) and to draw shear wave velocity profiles across the major sections of the Osaka Basin.

Study on the Relationship Between Void Ratio and Empirical Relationship of Depth and S-WAVE Velocity in Clay

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiefei Li ◽  
Xueliang Chen ◽  
Zongchao Li
Keyword(s):  
Shear Wave ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Shear Wave Velocity ◽  
Empirical Relationship ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Clay Layer ◽  
Soil Layers ◽  
Particle Characteristics ◽  
Sediment Particles ◽  
Relationship Of

<p>Soil layer shear wave velocity is a key parameter in numerical simulation models of ground motion of various sites. For three-dimensional models, there is a high cost to measure the shear wave velocity. It is a common method to estimate the shear wave velocity by a empirical relationship of depth and velocity depends on several drilling data. This paper studies the depth-shear wave velocity empirical relationships of various soil layers in Yuxi, Qingdao, and Fuzhou. It is found that the correlation degree between depth and shear wave velocity is higher in the soil layers with obvious grain characteristics, such as breccia layer, round gravel layer, gravel layer and fine sand layer, and the error of the empirical relationship is lower. Conversely, the correlation degree is lower and the error of the empirical relationship is high in clay layers. The possible reason for this phenomenon is: the layer description in the drilled histogram cannot represent the clay layers with different properties effectively.</p><p>For soil layers with obvious particle characteristics, the shear wave velocity has a significant positive correlation with the particle size. The size of the sediment particles is related to the carrying capacity of the surface water. A larger the water flow and faster flow velocity lead to a larger sediment particles. Therefore, this paper considers that the shear wave velocity of the soil layer in the study area is related to the hydrodynamic deposition environment. Smaller sediments carry longer distances in the water stream, resulting in lower sedimentary layer wave velocity; larger sediment particles carry shorter distances in the water stream, resulting in higher sedimentary layer wave velocity. Further analysis shows that the shear wave velocity of the clay layer has a certain relationship with the particle characteristics of the other soil layers in the same drill. In the environment where the sedimentary soil layer with larger particles is formed, the shear wave velocity of the clay layer is also higher. This article discusses this phenomenon and further analyzes the influence of the porosity ratio of the clay layer on its depth-shear wave velocity empirical relationship in the Yuxi area. It is found that the void ratio of the clay layer has a negative correlation with its shear wave velocity. The depth-shear wave velocity empirical relationship of the clay layer in Yuxi area was modified to improve accuracy.</p><p>The study of the relationship between the sedimentary characteristics, particle characteristics of the soil layer and the shear wave velocity, a key factor in the site conditions, is an attempt to improve the accuracy of geophysical model parameters using geological data. In the research of numerical simulation of site ground motion, it is possible to use abundant geological data to supplement models using few geophysical exploration data, or areas where it is difficult to carry out geophysical exploration, and it has certain application value.</p>

Estimating Near-Surface Shear Wave Velocity Using the P-Wave Seismograms Method in Japan

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 1955-1971 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Miao ◽  
Yang Shi ◽  
Su-Yang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Shear Wave ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Shear Wave Velocity ◽  
Polynomial Regression ◽  
Empirical Relationship ◽  
Theoretical Method ◽  
P Wave ◽  
Surface Shear ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Surface Shear Wave

Using initial P-wave records at 298 seismic stations from the Kiban-Kyoshin network (KiK-net), the P-wave seismograms method is employed to estimate the near-surface shear wave velocity in Japan. The applicability of this method is validated by comparisons between the measured and estimated time-averaged shear wave velocity to depth Z( V SZ, 5< Z < 300 m). Using a second-order polynomial regression relating log V SZ and log V S30, the estimated V S30 values agree well with the measured values. We also find that V S30 is directly related with the ratio of radial to vertical components of the initial P-wave velocity time series ( R P). Compared with the theoretical method, the empirical relationship between R P and V S30 has an improvement in the accuracy for V S30 estimation, is basically region-independent for Japan and Central and Eastern North America (CENA), does not need any other parameters, and is potentially useful for other regions of the world.

scholarly journals Calibrating a new attenuation curve for the Dead Sea region using surface wave dispersion surveys in sites damaged by the 1927 Jericho earthquake

Solid Earth ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 379-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaniv Darvasi ◽  
Amotz Agnon
Keyword(s):  
Shear Wave ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Shear Wave Velocity ◽  
Dead Sea ◽  
Attenuation Curve ◽  
Surface Wave Dispersion ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Moderate Seismicity ◽  
Local Point ◽  
The Dead

Abstract. Instrumental strong motion data are not common around the Dead Sea region. Therefore, calibrating a new attenuation equation is a considerable challenge. However, the Holy Land has a remarkable historical archive, attesting to numerous regional and local earthquakes. Combining the historical record with new seismic measurements will improve the regional equation. On 11 July 1927, a rupture, in the crust in proximity to the northern Dead Sea, generated a moderate 6.2 ML earthquake. Up to 500 people were killed, and extensive destruction was recorded, even as far as 150 km from the focus. We consider local near-surface properties, in particular, the shear-wave velocity, as an amplification factor. Where the shear-wave velocity is low, the seismic intensity far from the focus would likely be greater than expected from a standard attenuation curve. In this work, we used the multichannel analysis of surface waves (MASW) method to estimate seismic wave velocity at anomalous sites in Israel in order to calibrate a new attenuation equation for the Dead Sea region. Our new attenuation equation contains a term which quantifies only lithological effects, while factors such as building quality, foundation depth, topography, earthquake directivity, type of fault, etc. remain out of our scope. Nonetheless, about 60 % of the measured anomalous sites fit expectations; therefore, this new ground-motion prediction equation (GMPE) is statistically better than the old ones. From our local point of view, this is the first time that integration of the 1927 historical data and modern shear-wave velocity profile measurements improved the attenuation equation (sometimes referred to as the attenuation relation) for the Dead Sea region. In the wider context, regions of low-to-moderate seismicity should use macroseismic earthquake data, together with modern measurements, in order to better estimate the peak ground acceleration or the seismic intensities to be caused by future earthquakes. This integration will conceivably lead to a better mitigation of damage from future earthquakes and should improve maps of seismic hazard.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document