Discussion “Measuring Shear Wave Velocity Using Bender Elements” by Leong, E. C., Yeo, S. H., and Rahardjo, H.

2006 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 100382 ◽  
Author(s):  
L David Suits ◽  
TC Sheahan ◽  
J-S Lee ◽  
J Carlos Santamarina
Keyword(s):  
Shear Wave ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Shear Wave Velocity ◽  
Bender Elements

Shear Strength Monitoring System Based on Measurement of Shear Wave Velocity and Moisture Content

2014 ◽  
Vol 635-637 ◽  
pp. 750-754
Author(s):  
Peng Hu ◽  
Qing Li ◽  
Yi Wei Xu ◽  
Nan Ying Shentu ◽  
Quan Yuan Peng
Keyword(s):  
Shear Strength ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Shear Wave ◽  
Monitoring System ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Shear Wave Velocity ◽  
Bender Elements ◽  
Strength Measurement ◽  
Soil Shear Strength ◽  
The Relationship

Expound the importance of soil shear strength measurement at mudslide hidden point to release the loss caused by the disaster, explain the relationship between shear wave velocity, moisture content and shear strength, design the shear strength monitoring system combining the shear wave velocity measured by Piezoelectric bender elements and moisture content.

Surface-mounted bender elements for measuring horizontal shear wave velocity of soils

2008 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1490-1496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan-guo Zhou ◽  
Yun-min Chen ◽  
Yoshiharu Asaka ◽  
Tohru Abe
Keyword(s):  
Shear Wave ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Shear Wave Velocity ◽  
Horizontal Shear ◽  
Bender Elements

Shear Wave Velocity Measurement in the Centrifuge Using Bender Elements

2014 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 20130189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waleed El-Sekelly ◽  
Anthony Tessari ◽  
Tarek Abdoun
Keyword(s):  
Shear Wave ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Shear Wave Velocity ◽  
Velocity Measurement ◽  
Bender Elements

Characterization of Clay Sedimentation Using Piezoelectric Bender Elements

2006 ◽  
Vol 321-323 ◽  
pp. 1415-1420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Il Han Chang ◽  
Gye Chun Cho ◽  
Joo Gong Lee ◽  
Lee Hyung Kim
Keyword(s):  
Structure Formation ◽  
Shear Wave ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Shear Wave Velocity ◽  
Soil Structure ◽  
Abrupt Change ◽  
Shear Waves ◽  
Measurement Techniques ◽  
The Self ◽  
Bender Elements

Sedimentation is one of the most basic processes in the formation of a soil structure in nature. Many studies have been performed to describe the characteristics of clay sedimentation, based on settlement and water content measurement. In addition, there have been some attempts in numerical modeling to describe soil structure formation as a whole. However, these effects still fall short in explaining the overall process of soil structure formation because some relevant properties are measured after a self-weight consolidation is completed. Furthermore some measurement techniques significantly alter soil structure. Thus, a non-destructive evaluation is necessary for the effective description of soil characteristics during the sedimentation process. In this study, a testing device is designed that continuously monitors the self-weight consolidation process of sedimentation with shear waves. Piezoelectric bender elements are installed into a testing cell to generate and receive shear waves in a small strain regime. Slurries are prepared with kaolinite-type clay and placed in the cell. Shear wave velocities are continuously measured as a function of time during the whole process of the self weight consolidation. The experimental results suggest that as clay sediment is subjected to a certain loading, the shear wave velocity increases as time increases, showing an abrupt change in log time. This abrupt change is relevant to the formation of a stable soil skeleton. It is concluded that the time-dependent variations in shear wave velocity reflect sedimentation and self weight consolidation behavior and the evolution of the effective stress increment.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the shear wave velocity (VS) of an artificial carbonate sand obtained with the use of bender elements test

DYNA ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 88 (217) ◽  
pp. 211-219
Author(s):  
Samuel Felipe Mollepaza Tarazona ◽  
Bárbara Luiza Riz de Moura ◽  
Matias Faria Rodrigues ◽  
Maria Cascão Ferreira de Almeida ◽  
Marcio De Souza Soares de Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Shear Wave ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Shear Wave Velocity ◽  
Mechanical Response ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Triaxial Tests ◽  
Dynamic Parameters ◽  
Bender Elements ◽  
Carbonate Sand ◽  
Confining Stress

Carbonate sand is characterized by the presence of fragile grains, which may influence their mechanical response due to the imposed loading; especially cyclic loading. The shear wave velocity (VS) provides relevant information for the design of foundation inserted in this type of soil, which can be obtained from laboratory tests with the use of bender elements (BE). This paper aims to evaluate the VS value of a carbonate sand from triaxial tests with BE using three methods in the time domain. The influence of loading, unloading and cycling on VS is also evaluated. The results confirmed that the confining stress affects the dynamic parameters. At higher stress levels, the signals aremore susceptible to the near field effects and the dynamic parameters are less influenced by cycling.

scholarly journals Bender elements in stiff cemented clay: shear wave velocity (Vs) correction by applying wavelength considerations

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (7) ◽  
pp. 1034-1041 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qasim Khan ◽  
Sathya Subramanian ◽  
Dawn Y.C. Wong ◽  
Taeseo Ku
Keyword(s):  
Shear Wave ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Shear Wave Velocity ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Shear Stiffness ◽  
Propagation Distance ◽  
Small Strain ◽  
Bender Element ◽  
Bender Elements ◽  
Sine Signal

For the quality control of cement mixing in clays, small-strain shear stiffness Gmax is now increasingly being used due to enhanced repeatability in shear wave velocity (Vs) measurements. These stiff cemented clays have higher resonant frequencies that require the use of higher input frequencies in bender element testing for reliable Vs measurements. However, the practical requirements for suitable signals (with minimal near-field effects and wave reflections) can often be difficult to implement. To facilitate such Vs measurements, the current study proposes a methodology that can correct Vs values corresponding to lower wave propagation distance to wavelength ratios (Ltt/λ) to more reliable values of Vs at reference Ltt/λ criterion suggested in previous studies (e.g., 2, 3.33, and 4). Two clay types are mixed with ordinary Portland cement and various mix ratios are utilized to cover a wider range of soil stiffnesses. Based on the collected database, it is found that the resulting fitting functions enable the reasonable estimation of the stabilized Vs values corresponding to the suggested Ltt/λ criterion regardless of the nature of the input sine signal.

Measuring Shear Wave Velocity Using Bender Elements

2005 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 12196 ◽  
Author(s):  
L David Suits ◽  
TC Sheahan ◽  
EC Leong ◽  
SH Yeo ◽  
H Rahardjo
Keyword(s):  
Shear Wave ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Shear Wave Velocity ◽  
Bender Elements
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