Test Methods for Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity, Water Retention, Porosity, and Bulk Density of Athletic Field Rootzones

10.1520/f1815 ◽  
2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Athletic Field ◽  
Conductivity Water

Data forcing errors resulting from lack of harmonization and standardization in measurement methodologies: A comparison of soil hydrophysical data from a large EU database.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martine van der Ploeg ◽  
Attila Nemes
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Transfer Functions ◽  
Landscape Heterogeneity ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Soil Water Retention

<p>Soil hydro-physical properties —such as soil water retention, (un)saturated hydraulic conductivity, shrinkage and swelling, organic matter content, texture (particle distribution), structure (soil aggregation/pore structure)and bulk density— are used in many sub(surface) modeling applications. Reliable soil-hydrophysical properties are key to proper predictions with such models, yet the harmonization and standardization of these properties has not received much attention. Lack of harmonization and standardization may lead to heterogeneity in data as a result of differences in methodologies, rather than real landscape heterogeneity. A need and scope has been identified to better harmonize, innovate, and standardize methodologies regarding measuring soil hydraulic properties that form the information base of many derived products in support of EU policy. With this identified need in mind the Soil Program on Hydro-Physics via International Engagement (SOPHIE) was initiated in 2017. Besides developing new activities that may advise future measurements, we also explore historic data and metadata and mine its relevant contents. The European Hydro-pedological Data Inventory (EU-HYDI), the largest European database on measured soil hydrophysical properties, is – to date – rather under-explored in this sense, which served as motivation for this work.</p><p>From EU-HYDI we selected those records that were complete for soil texture, bulk density and organic matter, and fitted pedo-transfer functions separately for particular water retention points (at heads of 0, 2.5, 10, 100, 300, 1000, 3000, 15000 cm) and saturated hydraulic conductivity by multi-linear regression. We then subtracted the observed retention and hydraulic conductivity values from their estimated counterparts, and grouped the residuals by measurement methodologies. The results show that there can be significant differences between different methodologies and sample sizes used to obtain the water retention and hydraulic conductivity in the laboratory. The results thus show that the EU-data that may underlie large scale modelling may introduce errors in the forcing data that are attributed to a lack of harmonization and standardization in currently used measurement protocols.</p>

scholarly journals Effect of Biochar Application and Re-Application on Soil Bulk Density, Porosity, Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity, Water Content and Soil Water Availability in a Silty Loam Haplic Luvisol

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucia Toková ◽  
Dušan Igaz ◽  
Ján Horák ◽  
Elena Aydin
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Soil Water Content ◽  
Soil Bulk Density ◽  
Relative Increase ◽  
Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Soil Drought ◽  
Silty Loam

Due to climate change the productive agricultural sectors have started to face various challenges, such as soil drought. Biochar is studied as a promising soil amendment. We studied the effect of a former biochar application (in 2014) and re-application (in 2018) on bulk density, porosity, saturated hydraulic conductivity, soil water content and selected soil water constants at the experimental site in Dolná Malanta (Slovakia) in 2019. Biochar was applied and re-applied at the rates of 0, 10 and 20 t ha−1. Nitrogen fertilizer was applied annually at application levels N0, N1 and N2. In 2019, these levels were represented by the doses of 0, 108 and 162 kg N ha−1, respectively. We found that biochar applied at 20 t ha−1 without fertilizer significantly reduced bulk density by 12% and increased porosity by 12%. During the dry period, a relative increase in soil water content was observed at all biochar treatments—the largest after re-application of biochar at a dose of 20 t ha−1 at all fertilization levels. The biochar application also significantly increased plant available water. We suppose that change in the soil structure following a biochar amendment was one of the main reasons of our observations.

scholarly journals Estimation of Unsaturated Hydraulic Conductivity of Granular Soils from Particle Size Parameters

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1826 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji-Peng Wang ◽  
Pei-Zhi Zhuang ◽  
Ji-Yuan Luan ◽  
Tai-Heng Liu ◽  
Yi-Ran Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Intrinsic Value ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Sandy Soils ◽  
Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Water Retention Curve ◽  
Porosity Variation ◽  
Unsaturated Hydraulic Conductivity

Estimation of unsaturated hydraulic conductivity could benefit many engineering or research problems such as water flow in the vadose zone, unsaturated seepage and capillary barriers for underground waste isolation. The unsaturated hydraulic conductivity of a soil is related to its saturated hydraulic conductivity value as well as its water retention behaviour. By following the first author’s previous work, the saturated hydraulic conductivity and water retention curve (WRC) of sandy soils can be estimated from their basic gradation parameters. In this paper, we further suggest the applicable range of the estimation method is for soils with d10 > 0.02mm and Cu < 20, in which d10 is the grain diameter corresponding to 10% passing and Cu is the coefficient of uniformity (Cu=d60d10). The estimation method is also modified to consider the porosity variation effect. Then the proposed method is applied to predict unsaturated hydraulic conductivity properties of different sandy soils and also compared with laboratory and field test results. The comparison shows that the newly developed estimation method, which predicts the relative permeability of unsaturated sands from basic grain size parameters and porosity, generally has a fair agreement with measured data. It also indicates that the air-entry value is mainly relative to the mean grain size and porosity value change from the intrinsic value. The rate of permeability decline with suction is mainly associated with grain size polydispersity.

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