Standard Guide for Operational Qualification of Gamma Irradiators

10.1520/e3270 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 99-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Devesh Kapoor ◽  
Ruchi B. Vyas ◽  
Diwaker Dadrwal

In the most general sense, validation refers to a process that consists of at least four distinct components or steps: software, instruments, methods or procedures, and system suitability The system, the software, and the method must all be validated, and system suitability is used to keep the process in check. But while the overall process is called validation, some of the steps also are referred to by that same term, as well as other steps such as qualification and verification. Analytical instruments are used for a specific analysis. So regular performance verifications are made to ensure that the instrument to be used is suitable for its intended application. All equipments used in the production of products shall be properly Validated and Calibrated to demonstrate that it is suitable for its intended purpose. The current equipment qualification programs and procedures used within the pharmaceutical industry are based on regulatory requirements, voluntary standards, vendor practices, and industry practices. The result is considerable variation in the way pharmaceutical companies approach the qualification of laboratory equipment and the way they interpret the often vague requirements. The process for instrument qualification follows the 4Qs model approach. It include design qualification (DQ), Installation qualification (IQ), Operational qualification (OQ), Performance qualification (PQ). The goal of any regulated laboratory is to provide reliable and valid data suitable for its intended purpose. Analysts use validated methods, system suitability tests, and in-process quality control checks to ensure that the data they acquire are reliable and that there are specific guidance and procedures available to ensure compliance. Keywords: Qualification, FDA, Instruments, Validation, Calibration, Documentation


Endoscopy ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (12) ◽  
pp. 1262-1275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrike Beilenhoff ◽  
Holger Biering ◽  
Reinhard Blum ◽  
Jadranka Brljak ◽  
Monica Cimbro ◽  
...  

Statements 1 Prerequisites. The clinical service provider should obtain confirmation from the endoscope washer-disinfector (EWD) manufacturer that all endoscopes intended to be used can be reprocessed in the EWD. 2 Installation qualification. This can be performed by different parties but national guidelines should define who has the responsibilities, taking into account legal requirements. 3 Operational qualification. This should include parametric tests to verify that the EWD is working according to its specifications. 4 Performance qualification. Testing of cleaning performance, microbiological testing of routinely used endoscopes, and the quality of the final rinse water should be considered in all local guidelines. The extent of these tests depends on local requirements. According to the results of type testing performed during EWD development, other parameters can be tested if local regulatory authorities accept this. Chemical residues on endoscope surfaces should be searched for, if acceptable test methods are available. 5 Routine inspections. National guidelines should consider both technical and performance criteria. Individual risk analyses performed in the validation and requalification processes are helpful for defining appropriate test frequencies for routine inspections.


Ocean Science ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 1489-1516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elodie Gutknecht ◽  
Guillaume Reffray ◽  
Alexandre Mignot ◽  
Tomasz Dabrowski ◽  
Marcos G. Sotillo

Abstract. As part of the Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service (CMEMS), a physical–biogeochemical coupled model system has been developed to monitor and forecast the ocean dynamics and marine ecosystem of the European waters and more specifically on the Iberia–Biscay–Ireland (IBI) area. The CMEMS IBI coupled model covers the north-east Atlantic Ocean from the Canary Islands to Iceland, including the North Sea and the western Mediterranean, with a NEMO-PISCES 1∕36∘ model application. The coupled system has been providing 7 d weekly ocean forecasts for CMEMS since April 2018. Prior to its operational launch, a pre-operational qualification simulation (2010–2016) has allowed assessing the model's capacity to reproduce the main biogeochemical and ecosystem features of the IBI area. The objective of this paper is then to describe the consistency and skill assessment of the PISCES biogeochemical model using this 7-year qualification simulation. The model results are compared with available satellite estimates as well as in situ observations (ICES, EMODnet and BGC-Argo). The simulation successfully reproduces the spatial distribution and seasonal cycles of oxygen, nutrients, chlorophyll a and net primary production, and confirms that PISCES is suitable at such a resolution and can be used for operational analysis and forecast applications. This model system can be a useful tool to better understand the current state and changes in the marine biogeochemistry of European waters and can also provide key variables for developing indicators to monitor the health of marine ecosystems. These indicators may be of interest to scientists, policy makers, environmental agencies and the general public.


1997 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 1437-1445 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Parashar ◽  
E. Langham

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