scholarly journals Soil irrigation frequencies, compaction, air porosity and shear stress effects on soybean root development

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. Hossne ◽  
J. Méndez ◽  
M. Trujillo ◽  
F. Parra
Keyword(s):  
Shear Stress ◽  
Root Development ◽  
Soybean Root ◽  
Stress Effects ◽  
Soil Irrigation

scholarly journals Studying dynamic stress effects on the behaviour of THP-1 cells by microfluidic channels

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Semra Zuhal Birol ◽  
Rana Fucucuoglu ◽  
Sertac Cadirci ◽  
Ayca Sayi-Yazgan ◽  
Levent Trabzon
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Shear Stress ◽  
Vascular System ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Microfluidic Channels ◽  
Shear Stresses ◽  
Stress Effects ◽  
Adhesion Behavior ◽  
Cycling System

AbstractAtherosclerosis is a long-term disease process of the vascular system that is characterized by the formation of atherosclerotic plaques, which are inflammatory regions on medium and large-sized arteries. There are many factors contributing to plaque formation, such as changes in shear stress levels, rupture of endothelial cells, accumulation of lipids, and recruitment of leukocytes. Shear stress is one of the main factors that regulates the homeostasis of the circulatory system; therefore, sudden and chronic changes in shear stress may cause severe pathological conditions. In this study, microfluidic channels with cavitations were designed to mimic the shape of the atherosclerotic blood vessel, where the shear stress and pressure difference depend on design of the microchannels. Changes in the inflammatory-related molecules ICAM-1 and IL-8 were investigated in THP-1 cells in response to applied shear stresses in an continuous cycling system through microfluidic channels with periodic cavitations. ICAM-1 mRNA expression and IL-8 release were analyzed by qRT-PCR and ELISA, respectively. Additionally, the adhesion behavior of sheared THP-1 cells to endothelial cells was examined by fluorescence microscopy. The results showed that 15 Pa shear stress significantly increases expression of ICAM-1 gene and IL-8 release in THP-1 cells, whereas it decreases the adhesion between THP-1 cells and endothelial cells.

Time and Stress Effects in the Behavior of Rubber at Low Temperature

1950 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Beatty ◽  
J. M. Davies
Keyword(s):  
Shear Stress ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Applied Stress ◽  
Dynamic Modulus ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Rate Process ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Stress Effects ◽  
Rubberlike Materials

Abstract The stiffening of rubberlike materials at low temperature involves several different phenomena, sometimes with their effects superimposed. One of these is crystallization. This is a rate process which is generally very fast at high stresses and very slow at zero stress. In these experiments at temperatures near −25° C and under a shear stress of about 148 lb. per sq. in. the dynamic modulus of the rubber increased at a rate convenient to study. Correlation with x-ray data showed that crystallization was very likely responsible for the increase in stiffness. The rate of change of stiffness increased rapidly with increase in applied stress, and there was no optimum rate at −25° C, as has been found for unstressed rubber. The degree of vulcanization influenced the rate of change, tighter cures giving smaller changes. Neoprene-FR, GR-S, and polybutadiene, which ordinarily show little evidence of crystallization, showed very definite, but small increases in stiffness. Mixing GR-S with natural rubber seems to limit the crystallization of the natural rubber rather effectively, but apparently Neoprene-FR does not mix intimately enough with natural rubber to affect the crystallization of the latter appreciably.

Interdependence of Pulsed Ultrasound and Shear Stress Effects on Cell Morphology and Gene Expression

2006 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 436-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan M. McCormick ◽  
Vikas Saini ◽  
Yigit Yazicioglu ◽  
Zoe N. Demou ◽  
Thomas J. Royston
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Shear Stress ◽  
Cell Morphology ◽  
Pulsed Ultrasound ◽  
Stress Effects

Soybean root development under water stress in eroded soils

2015 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 374-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Wang ◽  
Yun Xie ◽  
Gang Liu ◽  
Ying Zhao ◽  
Shanshan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Root Development ◽  
Soybean Root

Time dependent nonlinear shear stress effects in simple liquids: A molecular dynamics study

1980 ◽  
Vol 73 (8) ◽  
pp. 3987-3996 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. Heyes ◽  
J. J. Kim ◽  
C. J. Montrose ◽  
T. A. Litovitz
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Dynamics ◽  
Shear Stress ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Simple Liquids ◽  
Stress Effects ◽  
Nonlinear Shear
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