scholarly journals Evaluation of Antibiotic Resistance Pattern and Efficacy of Modified Hodge Test for Detection of Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Strains Isolated From Clinical Samples

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 36-40
Author(s):  
leila Gheitani ◽  
Hossein Fazeli ◽  
Sharareh Moghim ◽  
Bahram Nasr Isfahani
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Pattern ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant

scholarly journals Colistin Susceptibility in Carbapenem Resistant Klebsiella Pneumoniae and their Ability of Biofilm Formation

2020 ◽  
pp. 517-527
Author(s):  
Sarab Murad Kadum
Keyword(s):  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Rpob Gene ◽  
Resistance Rate ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Specific Primer ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant

A total of 157 clinical samples were collected from different clinical specimens (urine, sputum, blood, swabs, and cannula) from several hospitals in Iraq. Among the samples, 51 isolates (32.48%) of Klebsiella pneumoniae were identified according to morphologicaland cultural characteristics as well as the Enterosystem 18R test. Higher numbers of K. pneumoniae isolates were observed in urine samples (26, 52%) than the other samples, and in females (70.6%) than males (29.4%) (female: male ratio of about 2.4:1). Antibiotic susceptibility of K. pneumoniae against 12 commonly used antibiotics was determined through the disc-diffusion method. The results revealed a higher resistance rate in 51 isolates (100%) against Cephalexin, followed by Ceftazidime (50, 98%), while the lowest resistance rate (24, 47%) was against each of Imipenem and Meropenem. Also, the investigation of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of Colistin using E-test (strips) demonstrated that 33 isolates were resistance, as compared to 31 using the disk diffusion assay. DNA was extracted from K. pneumoniae isolates and molecularly tested using polymerase chain technique (PCR) with a specific primer and 108 bp product to detect the rpoB gene that represents this bacteria . Also, all of the 51 isolates of K. pneumoniae identified by the rpoB gene were detected for the expression of the Colistin drug resistance gene mgr-B , which was amplified (347 bp) using a specific primer. Colistin resistance gene mgr-B was amplified and sequenced from the twenty isolates. Only 6 isolates appeared with a single nucleotide substitution; G instead A, A instead G, C instead G and G instead C. Also, this study tested biofilm formation from K. pneumoniae isolates , using the microtiter plate method, in association with Colistin and Carbapenem resistant. The Colistin and Carbapenem resistance pattern was compared to the ability of biofilm-formation as weak formation versus strong and also, Multi-drug resistant isolates were more common among weak versus strong biofilm formers.

scholarly journals Investigation of Antibiotic Resistance and Biofilm Formation in Clinical Isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Kiana Karimi ◽  
Omid Zarei ◽  
Parinaz Sedighi ◽  
Mohammad Taheri ◽  
Amin Doosti-Irani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
High Level ◽  
Tract Infections

Aim. Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) is an encapsulated Gram-negative bacterium that can lead to 14–20% of nosocomial infections. The ability of biofilm formation in this bacterium decreases the host immune response and antibiotic efficacy. This may impose a huge impact on patients and healthcare settings. This study aimed to evaluate the antibiotic resistance pattern and biofilm formation in K. pneumoniae strains isolated from two major Hamadan hospitals, west of Iran. Methods. A total of 83 K. pneumoniae strains were isolated from clinical samples of patients in different wards of Hamadan hospitals from September 2018 to March 2019. Determination of antimicrobial susceptibility was performed using the disk diffusion method. Biofilm formation was evaluated by the crystal violet method. Data were analyzed by the SPSS software and chi-square test. Results. The results showed that clinical samples included 18 urinary tract samples (22%), 6 wound samples (7%), 6 blood samples (7%), 17 tracheal tube aspiration samples (20%), 32 throat cultures (38%), 2 sputum samples (2.5%), and 2 abscess drain cultures (2.5%). High-level resistance to cefotaxime was detected in 92%, and all of isolates were susceptible to colistin. Biofilm formation was seen in 62 (75%) isolates. Strong biofilm formation was observed in 17 (20%) strains. A significant correlation was seen between biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance ( P value <0.05). Conclusion. Our findings emphasize the need for proper diagnosis, control, and treatment of infections caused by K. pneumoniae especially in respiratory tract infections due to the strong biofilm formation and high antibiotic resistance in these strains.

scholarly journals Antibiotic Resistance Pattern of Bacteroides Fragilis Isolated From Clinical and Gastrointestinal Specimens

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyedesomaye Jasemi ◽  
Mohammad Emaneini ◽  
Zahra Ahmadinejad ◽  
Mohammad Sadegh Fazeli ◽  
Leonardo A. Sechi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Bacteroides Fragilis ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Penicillin G ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Agar Dilution Method ◽  
Gi Tract ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Pattern

Abstract Background: Bacteroides fragilis is a part of the normal gastrointestinal flora and the most prevalent anaerobic bacteria causes’ infection. It is highly resistant to antibiotics and contains abundant antibiotic resistance mechanisms. Methods: The antibiotic resistance pattern of 78 isolates of B. fragilis (56 strains from the gastrointestinal [GI] tract and 22 strains from clinical samples) was investigated using agar dilution method. The gene encoding Bacteroides fargilis toxin bft, and antibiotic resistance genes were targeted by PCR assay. Results: The highest rate of resistance was observed for penicillin G (100%) followed by tetracycline (74.4%), clindamycin (41%) and cefoxitin (38.5%). Only a single isolate showed resistance to imipenem which contained cfiA and IS1186 genes. All isolates were susceptible to metronidazole. Accordingly, tetQ (87.2%), cepA (73.1%) and ermF (64.1%) were the most abundant antibiotic-resistant genes identified in this study. MIC values for penicillin, cefoxitin and clindamycin were significantly different among isolates with the cepA, cfxA and ermF in compare with those lacking such genes. In addition, 22.7% and 17.8% of clinical and GI tract isolates had the bft gene, respectively. Conclusions: Therefore, it is of utmost importance to determine the antibiotic resistance patterns of B. fragilis periodically in different geographical areas to provide a suitable treatment profile for patients and to prevent improper antibiotic prescriptions.

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