Emission spectroscopy based sensor developed for engine testing

2017 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabian Feldhaus ◽  
Ingo Schmitz ◽  
Thomas Seeger
Keyword(s):  
Emission Spectroscopy ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Combustion Temperature ◽  
Sensor System ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Compression Ignition Engines ◽  
Reduce Emissions ◽  
Engine Testing ◽  
Combustion Processes

AbstractEmissions of internal combustion engines are linked to air pollution, global warming effects and are potentially harmful. In order to reduce emissions, a better understanding of combustion processes is necessary. Therefore, the combustion temperature is an important factor to know, because it has an impact on the amount of exhaust gases like soot and nitrogen oxides. This work presents a complete spectral resolved emission spectroscopy based sensor system for temperature determining in compression ignition engines. The sensor system is developed for series engines and can be used without any modification of the engine.

scholarly journals Comparison of pollutant emission associated with the operation of passenger cars with internal combustion engines and passenger cars with electric motors

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Bebkiewicz ◽  
Zdzisław Chłopek ◽  
Hubert Sar ◽  
Krystian Szczepański
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Pollutant Emission ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Spark Ignition Engines ◽  
Passenger Cars ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
Compression Ignition Engines

AbstractEnergy consumption and pollutant emission aspects were ascertained for cars under traffic conditions: in cities, outside cities, on motorways and expressways, with the use of data from the inventory of emissions from road transport in Poland in 2018. The values of characteristics of energy consumption under model traffic conditions, as well as pollutant emissions and energy consumption of cars with internal combustion engines and cars with electric motors, constituted the basis for further analyses and conclusions about the characteristics of the vehicles under the study in terms of energy consumption and pollutant emissions. As a result of the research, it was found in the case of the use of electric drives, a very significant decrease in energy consumption—by 70% and the emission of non-methane volatile organic compounds—at the level of 90%. In the case of the emission of nitrogen oxides, there is a great advantage in relation to cars with compression-ignition engines, while the emission of nitrogen oxides from cars with spark-ignition engines is about two times lower. It was found that the emission of particulate matter for electric cars is about three times higher than for cars with compression-ignition engines and almost six times higher than for cars with spark-ignition engines. On the other hand, the impact on carbon dioxide emissions is small—less than 10%.

The effects of DLC-coated journal on improving seizure limit and reducing friction under engine oil lubrication

2021 ◽  
pp. 146808742110129
Author(s):  
Hidemi Ogihara ◽  
Takumi Iwata ◽  
Yuji Mihara ◽  
Makoto Kano
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Fuel Efficiency ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Main Bearing ◽  
Dlc Coating ◽  
Lubrication Regime ◽  
Mixed Lubrication Regime ◽  
Reduce Emissions

Internal combustion engines have been improved markedly in recent years through efforts to conserve resources, reduce emissions and improve fuel efficiency. In this regard, the authors have been working to reduce friction and improve the seizure properties of the crankshaft main journal and main bearing. These mechanical components of internal combustion engines incur large friction losses. In order to reduce friction, journals have been coated with a diamond-like carbon (DLC) coating, which has been reported to reduce friction in the fluid lubrication regime in recent years. Another current issue of journals and bearings is the need to improve seizure resistance. Therefore, these properties were evaluated for material combinations of aluminium alloy bearings and DLC-coated journals, which have low affinity. The results revealed that friction was reduced under a fluid lubrication regime and seizure resistance was improved under a mixed lubrication regime.

scholarly journals Analysis of thermodynamic parameters in spark ignition VCR engine

2019 ◽  
Vol 294 ◽  
pp. 05001
Author(s):  
Patryk Urbański ◽  
Maciej Bajerlein ◽  
Jerzy Merkisz ◽  
Andrzej Ziółkowski ◽  
Dawid Gallas
Keyword(s):  
Thermodynamic Parameters ◽  
Motion Analysis ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Combustion Processes

3D models of Szymkowiak and conventional engines were created in the Solidworks program. During the motion analysis, the characteristics of the piston path were analyzed for the two considered engine units. The imported file with the generated piston routes was used in the AVL Fire program, which simulated combustion processes in the two engines with identical initial conditions. The configurations for two different compression ratios were taken into account. The basic thermodynamic parameters occurring during the combustion process in internal combustion engines were analyzed.

A Theoretical Approach to the Combustion of Fuel-Alcohol Blends

1985 ◽  
Vol 107 (4) ◽  
pp. 902-907 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Cau ◽  
M. P. Pelagagge
Keyword(s):  
Total Energy ◽  
Theoretical Investigation ◽  
Theoretical Approach ◽  
Total Mass ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Combustion Temperature ◽  
Analytical Procedure ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Constant Mass ◽  
Wide Range

This paper is concerned with the results of a theoretical investigation on combustion of traditional fuel and alcohol blends. An analytical procedure has been developed which examines three different hypotheses for introducing the alcohol: constant mass of primary fuel, constant total energy of fuel, and constant total mass of fuel. The procedure has been applied to combustion at constant volume varying over a wide range of air-fuel ratios, percentage of alcohol, and combustion temperature. The results obtained, of particular interest for reciprocating internal combustion engines, indicate that as far as energy and emissions are concerned, the effects of alcohol on combustion depend strongly on the hypothesis adopted for fueling the alcohol.

A Framework of Control-Oriented Reaction-Based Model for Trajectory-Based HCCI Combustion With Variable Fuels

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Zhang ◽  
Zongxuan Sun
Keyword(s):  
High Fidelity ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Combustion Control ◽  
Free Piston ◽  
Hcci Combustion ◽  
Least Squares Optimization ◽  
Pure Compression ◽  
Reduce Emissions ◽  
Combustion Processes ◽  
Engine Cycle

A novel combustion control, i.e. the trajectory-based combustion control, was proposed previously. This control is enabled by free piston engines (FPEs) and utilizes the FPE’s controllable piston trajectory to enhance thermal efficiency, reduce emissions and realize variable fuels applications. On top of that, a control-oriented model was also developed aimed to implement the trajectory-based combustion control in real-time. Specifically, a unique phase separation method was proposed in the model, which separates an engine cycle into four phases (pure compression, ignition, heat release and pure expansion) and employs the minimal reaction mechanism accordingly. In this paper, the framework of the previous control-oriented model is extended to variable fuels, such as methane, n-heptane and bio-diesel. Such an extension is reasonable since the separated four phases are representative in typical combustion processes of all fuels within an engine cycle. Besides, a least-squares optimization is formulated to calibrate the chemical kinetics variables for each fuel. At last, simulation results and the related analysis show that all the derived control-oriented models have high fidelity and much lighter computational burdens to represent the HCCI combustion of each fuel along variable piston trajectories.

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