scholarly journals Individual, fruit, and annual variation in correlated mating in a Genipa americana population

2015 ◽  
Vol 64 (1-6) ◽  
pp. 108-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. O. Manoel ◽  
M. L. M. Freitas ◽  
E. Furlani Júniro ◽  
P. F. Alves ◽  
M. L. T. Moraes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mating System ◽  
Microsatellite Loci ◽  
Annual Variation ◽  
Effective Size ◽  
Fixation Index ◽  
Isolated Population ◽  
Conservation Programs ◽  
Coancestry Coefficient ◽  
Reproductive Events

Abstract In this paper, we use six microsatellite loci to examine a spatially isolated population of Genipa americana in relation to mating system variation at the level of individual and among and within fruits, over two reproductive events. For our analysis, we sampled hierarchically among and within fruits open-pollinated seeds collected from 13 seed trees during the reproductive event in 2010 and 12 seed trees in 2011. The rate of mating among relatives (1-ts) was significantly greater than zero and different between the investigated reproductive events, indicating that some seeds are inbred. The estimate of fixation index (Fo) was significantly higher than zero for seeds from both reproductive events (2010: Fo = 0.258; 2011: Fo = 0.294), confirming that seeds present inbreeding, probably originated from mating among full-sibs. The multilocus paternity correlation within fruits (rp(w)) and among fruits (rp(a)) varied among seed trees and reproductive events. The rp(w) was significantly higher than rp(a) in both reproductive events, suggesting that it is more likely to find full-sibs within fruits (2010: 36.4%; 2011: 72.4%), than among fruits (2010: 18.9%; 2011: 12.8%). Due to the presence of inbreeding, mating among relatives and correlated mating, the within families coancestry coefficient (Θ) was higher and the variance effective size (Ne) lower than expected in open-pollinated families from panmictic populations (Θ = 0.125, Ne = 4). In practical terms for conservation programs, our results show the need to collect seeds from at least 60 seed trees to retain progeny arrays with a total effective size of 150.

scholarly journals Mating system variation among populations, individuals and within and among fruits in Bertholletia excelsa

2015 ◽  
Vol 64 (1-6) ◽  
pp. 248-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.H.O. Wadt ◽  
A. B. Baldoni ◽  
V. S. Silva ◽  
T. Campos ◽  
K. Martins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mating System ◽  
Natural Population ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Effective Size ◽  
Fixation Index ◽  
Bertholletia Excelsa ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Conservation Breeding ◽  
Seed Collections ◽  
Different Levels

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate variation in mating system among three Brazilian Amazon populations of the tree Bertholletia excelsa with different levels of anthropogenic interventions. We collected open-pollinated seeds from one natural population, remnant trees dispersed in a pasture, and trees from a plantation. Outcrossing rate not varied among the populations and indicates that all seeds were originated from outcrossing (tm=1.0). Mating among relatives was significant higher in the plantation than forest and pasture populations, probably due the fact that many trees are related in the plantation. Correlated mating was significantly higher in pasture (rp=0.47) and plantation (rp=0.51) than in the natural population (rp=0.22), suggesting that trees in natural population are pollinated by a higher number of pollen donors. The paternity correlation was significantly higher within (rp(w)=0.41) than among fruits (rp(a)=0.18), showing a higher probability to find full-sibs within than among fruits. The fixation index was generally lower in seed trees than in their seedlings, suggesting selection for heterozygous individuals from seedling to adult stages. Progeny arrays collected from the natural population had a lower proportion of pairwise full-sibs than in pasture and plantation and higher variance effective size (2.75) than trees in pasture (2.15) and plantations (2.22). Results highlight that seed collections for conservation, breeding and reforestation programs preferentially should be carried out in natural populations due low proportion highest variance effective size within progeny.

Genetic approach reveals a polygynous-polyandrous mating system and no social organization in a small and isolated population of the screaming hairy armadillo, Chaetophractus vellerosus

Genetica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 148 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-133
Author(s):  
Maximiliano Nardelli ◽  
Ezequiel Ibañez ◽  
Dara Dobler ◽  
Gimena Illia ◽  
Agustín M. Abba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mating System ◽  
Social Organization ◽  
Isolated Population ◽  
Genetic Approach

A high level of outcrossing in the vulnerable species Prosopis rubriflora in a Chaco remnant

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fábio M. Alves ◽  
Ângela L. B. Sartori ◽  
Maria I. Zucchi ◽  
Ana M. G. Azevedo-Tozzi ◽  
Evandro V. Tambarussi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mating System ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Effective Size ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Seed Collection ◽  
Related Individuals ◽  
High Level ◽  
Progeny Array ◽  
Pantanal Wetland

Prosopis rubriflora Hassl. is a tree species typically found in chaquenian areas, mainly with an arborised phytophysiognomy in the southern region of the Pantanal wetland. This species has become vulnerable in recent decades as a result of considerable increases in anthropogenic activities such as cattle breeding, and this vulnerability has also been observed in several other native species. The goal of this study was to estimate the mating system of P. rubriflora in a Chaco remnant by analysing 10 microsatellite markers. Samples were collected over 2 years (2010–213 seedlings and 2011–180 seedlings), and the results suggest that the mating system of P. rubriflora is preferably allogamous. A progeny array was predominantly composed of half-sibs (from 76 to 79%), full-sibs (from 15%) and self-half-sibs (from 6 to 9%). The outcrossing rate between related individuals was significant in 2011 but not in 2010. The average co-ancestry coefficient () ranged from 0.158 to 0.162, and the variance effective size (Ne) ranged from 3.05 to 3.13. The number of seed trees required for seed collection (m) to retain an effective size of 150 in progeny array samples was 48–49. The high levels of outcrossing of P. rubriflora appear to be related to several mechanisms that avoid selfing and due to the behaviour of native pollinators, which clearly contribute to the gene flow of the species.

Effective size of two feral domestic cat populations (Felis catus L.): effect of the mating system

2004 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 483-490 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Kaeuffer ◽  
D. Pontier ◽  
S. Devillard ◽  
N. Perrin
Keyword(s):  
Mating System ◽  
Felis Catus ◽  
Domestic Cat ◽  
Effective Size

scholarly journals Mating System and Genetic Composition of the Macaw Palm (Acrocomia aculeata): Implications for Breeding and Genetic Conservation Programs

2016 ◽  
Vol 107 (6) ◽  
pp. 527-536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Éder C. M. Lanes ◽  
Sérgio Y. Motoike ◽  
Kacilda N. Kuki ◽  
Marcos D. V. Resende ◽  
Eveline T. Caixeta
Keyword(s):  
Mating System ◽  
Genetic Conservation ◽  
Genetic Composition ◽  
Conservation Programs ◽  
Macaw Palm ◽  
Acrocomia Aculeata

scholarly journals Genetic diversity in Hucul and Polish primitive horse breeds

2015 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Mackowski ◽  
S. Mucha ◽  
G. Cholewinski ◽  
J. Cieslak
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Microsatellite Loci ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Pedigree Data ◽  
Conservation Programs ◽  
Safe Level ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
The Future

Abstract. Pedigree and molecular data were used to evaluate genetic diversity in the Polish populations of the Polish primitive horse (also known as Polish Konik) and Hucul breeds over the time period of 30 years (1980–2011). Based on genotypes in 12 microsatellite loci (for 3865 Polish primitive horses and 1627 Huculs), as well as on pedigree data derived from over 7000 individuals (both breeds), several indices describing structure of the analysed populations were estimated. For both analysed breeds, we observed an increasing trend of inbreeding since 1980 which seems to be much more stable (oscillating around 10 % in the Polish primitive horse and 5 % in Hucul) since the beginning of 2000s when they were included in conservation programs in Poland. We observed that generally, indices related to genetic diversity are higher in the Hucul breed. Our study indicated that genetic diversity in the Polish primitive horse and Hucul breeds in Poland is still relatively high and conservation programs should be continued to keep it on the "safe" level in the future.

scholarly journals Estimating coancestry within open-pollinated progenies of a dioecious species: the case study of Myracrodruon urundeuva

2012 ◽  
Vol 61 (1-6) ◽  
pp. 256-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Moraes ◽  
A. P. S. Gaino ◽  
M. L. T. Moraes ◽  
M. L. M. Freitas ◽  
A. M. Sebbenn
Keyword(s):  
Tree Breeding ◽  
Accurate Method ◽  
Effective Size ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Dioecious Species ◽  
Coancestry Coefficient ◽  
Seed Collection ◽  
Area Of Interest ◽  
Mating Model

Abstract Understanding the coancestry coefficient within openpollinated progenies has long been an area of interest because of the implications of coancestry on estimates of additive genetic variation, variance effective size and the number of seed trees required for seed collection for ex situ conservation, tree breeding and environmental restoration. This study compares three methods to calculate the coancestry coefficient within open-pollinated progenies of the dioecious tree species, Myracrodruon urundeuva, using six microsatellite loci. The methods compared were: i) correlated mating model (CMM) (RITLAND, 1989); ii) TWOGENER method (SMOUSE et al., 2001) to estimate the differentiation among pollen pools (TGM); and iii) HARDY et al.’s 2004 method using the estimate of coancestry from LOISELLE et al. (1995) (HLM) and from RITLAND (1996) (HRM). The data analysis was based on four data sets: two populations were composed of 12 progenies, two of 24 progenies, and all progenies consisted of 15 plants. The coancestry estimated using CMM ranged among populations from 0.145 to 0.158, using TGM it ranged from 0.153 to 0.181, using HLM from 0.153 to 0.162, and HRM from 0.144 to 0.147. To investigate the bias of the estimates of true relatedness within progenies we simulated two half-sib and two full-sib populations. The most accurate method found in the study was CMM because the estimated values presented no bias for true half- or full-sib progenies and these values were very similar to those expected (0.125 and 0.25, respectively). These results have significant implications for breeding and conservation programs because coancestry-within-progenies is a key parameter in assessing the variance effective size.

Temporal and spatial mating-system variation in fragmented populations of Banksia cuneata, a rare bird-pollinated long-lived plant

2013 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 235 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Coates ◽  
Matthew R. Williams ◽  
Sally Madden
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Variation ◽  
Mating System ◽  
Fixation Index ◽  
Fragmented Landscape ◽  
Plant Populations ◽  
Spatial Uniformity ◽  
Outcrossing Rates ◽  
Plant Mating Systems ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
The Difference

Plant mating systems can vary significantly in both space and time, influencing a range of demographic and genetic processes critical for the persistence of plant populations. Spatial and temporal mating-system variations were investigated in Banksia cuneata (A. S. George), a rare bird-pollinated shrub occurring in a highly fragmented landscape. Substantial variation in the mating system was observed, with the magnitude of temporal variation within a population often as high as the level of spatial variation among populations within a season. A significant reduction in outcrossing rates and increased temporal variation in both outcrossing rates and correlated paternity were observed in disturbed populations. Doubling of the paternal neighbourhood and a trend to increased outcrossing rate was found after augmentation of a disturbed population where population size was increased from 57 to 214 adult plants. A large increase in the fixation index for seeds compared with adults was observed in all populations, with the magnitude of the difference showing temporal and spatial uniformity. We suggest that temporal mating-system variation warrants increased consideration, not only in assessing the effects of habitat fragmentation on plant populations, but also in the design and establishment of successful translocation, augmentation and restoration programs.

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