Rethinking Milton Singer’s semiotic anthropology: A reconnaissance

Semiotica ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 (224) ◽  
pp. 211-222
Author(s):  
Robert Boroch
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Theory ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Social Structures ◽  
Cognitive Tools ◽  
Anthropological Perspective ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Semiotic Anthropology ◽  
Theoretical Considerations

AbstractThe article discusses the possibility of using the cognitive tools of semiotics (theory of signs) for theoretical considerations of social structures from the anthropological perspective. In the literature on the subject, this approach is defined as semiotic anthropology, a term coined by Milton Singer. The article emphasizes the possibilities, untapped within Singer’s work, of further epistemological research within the scope of the “cultural theory of signs” and reduction of the paradigms of research on culture from philosophical and philological as well as anthropological and ethnographic paradigms to a semiotic paradigm, enabling the analysis of meanings of cultural messages (as broadly understood), from architecture and painting and even eating habits (e.g., cooking) to systems of values and literature. In this sense, semiotic anthropology represents the position of “mild holism” and becomes a tool supporting the exploration of culture.

Prescriptive Power: Biologism, Biopsychiatry and Drug-centred Psychopharmacology

Somatechnics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 291-309
Author(s):  
Francis Russell
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Social Justice ◽  
Cultural Theory ◽  
Human Experience ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
False Consciousness ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Biological Ontology ◽  
Health Discourse

This paper looks to make a contribution to the critical project of psychiatrist Joanna Moncrieff, by elucidating her account of ‘drug-centred’ psychiatry, and its relation to critical and cultural theory. Moncrieff's ‘drug-centred’ approach to psychiatry challenges the dominant view of mental illness, and psychopharmacology, as necessitating a strictly biological ontology. Against the mainstream view that mental illnesses have biological causes, and that medications like ‘anti-depressants’ target specific biological abnormalities, Moncrieff looks to connect pharmacotherapy for mental illness to human experience, and to issues of social justice and emancipation. However, Moncrieff's project is complicated by her framing of psychopharmacological politics in classical Marxist notions of ideology and false consciousness. Accordingly, she articulates a political project that would open up psychiatry to the subjugated knowledge of mental health sufferers, whilst also characterising those sufferers as beholden to ideology, and as being effectively without knowledge. Accordingly, in order to contribute to Moncrieff's project, and to help introduce her work to a broader humanities readership, this paper elucidates her account of ‘drug-centred psychiatry’, whilst also connecting her critique of biopsychiatry to notions of biologism, biopolitics, and bio-citizenship. This is done in order to re-describe the subject of mental health discourse, so as to better reveal their capacities and agency. As a result, this paper contends that, once reframed, Moncrieff's work helps us to see value in attending to human experience when considering pharmacotherapy for mental illness.

Economic Development and Traditional Social Structures: Some Theoretical Considerations

1988 ◽  
Vol 27 (4II) ◽  
pp. 501-507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soofia Mumtaz
Keyword(s):  
Third World ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Social Structures ◽  
Industrial System ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
The Third ◽  
Nation States ◽  
Functional Logic ◽  
The Third World ◽  
Theoretical Considerations

This paper discusses some issues currently preoccupying social scientists with respect to the process of development and its implications for Third World countries. These issues have become highly significant considering the momentum and nature of the development process being launched in the so-called "underdeveloped" world, within the context of modern nation-states. Therefore, in this paper, we seek to identify: (a) What is meant by development; (b) How the encounter between this process and traditional social structures (with their own functional logic, based on earlier forms of production and social existence) takes place; (c) What the implications of this encounter are; and (d) What lessons we can learn in this regard from history and anthropology. Development as a planned and organized process, the prime issue concerning both local and Western experts in Third World countries, is a recent phenomenon in comparison to the exposure of Third World countries to the Western Industrial system. The former gained momentum subsequent to the decolonization of the bulk of the Third World in the last half of this century, whereas the latter dates to at least the beginning of this century, if not earlier, when the repercussions of colonization, and later the two World Wars, became manifest in these countries.

Democracy and Political Culture

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ross McKibbin
Keyword(s):  
Political Culture ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Social System ◽  
Political System ◽  
Democratic Politics ◽  
Social Structures ◽  
The Political ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of

This book is an examination of Britain as a democratic society; what it means to describe it as such; and how we can attempt such an examination. The book does this via a number of ‘case-studies’ which approach the subject in different ways: J.M. Keynes and his analysis of British social structures; the political career of Harold Nicolson and his understanding of democratic politics; the novels of A.J. Cronin, especially The Citadel, and what they tell us about the definition of democracy in the interwar years. The book also investigates the evolution of the British party political system until the present day and attempts to suggest why it has become so apparently unstable. There are also two chapters on sport as representative of the British social system as a whole as well as the ways in which the British influenced the sporting systems of other countries. The book has a marked comparative theme, including one chapter which compares British and Australian political cultures and which shows British democracy in a somewhat different light from the one usually shone on it. The concluding chapter brings together the overall argument.

Investigation of The Nutritional Approaches of Student Athletes During The Covid-19 Epidemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 1940-1944
Author(s):  
Sevcan Altun ◽  
Aykut Aksu ◽  
Osman Imamoglu ◽  
Murat Erdogdu ◽  
Kursat Karacabey
Keyword(s):  
Student Athletes ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
T Test ◽  
Outbreak Period ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Package Program ◽  
Kolmogorov Smirnov ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The University ◽  
Smirnov Test

The aim of this study is to investigate the nutritional approaches of student athletes studying at the university during the coronavirus outbreak period. Participants consisted of students studying and doing sports at the University. 446 students, 246 males and 200 females, participated in the study. Besides the personal form, students were filled the questionnaire testing questionnaire. Students voluntarily participated. The surveys were done on social media. Nutritional habits questionnaire consists of 12 questions. In the preparation of the survey questions, the questions proved validity of the researches which have been done on the subject before have been used. SPSS 23.00 package program was used in statistical analyses. Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was performed to test whether the data was normally distributed and it was determined that the data showed normal distribution. Independent t-test, paired t-test, unidirectional variance analysis and LSD tests were used in statistical operations. There was no significant difference in students' nutrition approaches by gender, both in the pre-outbreak period and in the outbreak period points (p> 0.05). Nutrition scores were significantly increased during the outbreak period (p <0.001). A significant difference was found between the students who felt bad before the epidemic and those who felt well before the epidemic and their nutritional scores according to the levels they felt (p <0.05). A significant difference was found between the pre-outbreak period and post-epidemic nutrition scores of the sports faculty students (p <0.05). During the coronavirus epidemic, university student athletes have either increased their nutritional opportunities or have changed their eating habits positively to keep their immune systems strong or both. The fact that sports faculty students have better nutrition compared to other faculty students can be attributed to their taking courses in nutrition, health and similar. It is recommended to give lectures or seminars on nutrition to athlete students. Keywords: Student, Nutrition, Sports Nutrition, Nutritional Approach, Covid-19

scholarly journals Construcción de “vida buena” de estudiantes de bachillerato a partir de la interacción con miembros de sus redes personales / Construction of "Good Life" of High School Students from the Interaction with Members of their Personal Networks

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Astrid Karina Rivero Pérez
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Good Life ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Social Structures ◽  
Personal Networks ◽  
School Students ◽  
Symbolic Resources ◽  
The Subject ◽  
La Red

ABSTRACTThis paper studies the construction of the notion of "good life" of young students of a high school as a result of the exchange of material and symbolic resources to members of their personal networks. In this research, the actors and their actions are treated as interdependent, so the relational ties between actors influence how young people construct their notion of good life and plan their future. The proposed study is based on the concept of personal networks in which the network is considered from the point of view of the subject, in this of young high school students who lived in a marginal urban area of Merida, Yucatan, Mexico. Since the study subjects are young with few opportunities and situations of social inequality we must know in which social structures they interact.RESUMENEl presente artículo estudia la construcción de la noción de “vida buena” de jóvenes estudiantes de un bachillerato universitario como resultado del intercambio de recursos materiales y simbólicos con los miembros de sus redes personales. En esta investigación, los actores y sus acciones son tratados como interdependientes, por lo cual los lazos relacionales entre los actores influyen en como los jóvenes construyen su noción de vida buena y planean su futuro. El estudio está planteado a partir del concepto de redes personales en el cual se plantea la red desde el punto de vista del individuo, en este caso los jóvenes estudiantes de bachillerato quienes son habitantes de una zona urbana marginal de Mérida, Yucatán, México. Dado que los sujetos de estudio son jóvenes con pocas oportunidades y en situaciones de desigualdad social hay que conocer qué les otorgan o limitan los procesos y estructuras sociales en las que interactúan. Contacto principal: [email protected]

scholarly journals 1,3-Di(hetero)aryl-7-substituted Pyrenes—An Undiscovered Area of Important Pyrene Derivatives

Proceedings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Dawid Zych
Keyword(s):  
Density Functional Theory ◽  
Density Functional ◽  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
Basis Set ◽  
Functional Theory ◽  
Td Dft ◽  
Pyrene Derivatives ◽  
Osmium Complexes ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Theoretical Considerations

In this work, the necessity of synthesis of 1,3-di(hetero)aryl-7-substituted pyrenes is presented based on the results of theoretical calculations by using density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) by using Gaussian 09 program with B3LYP exchange-correlation functional and 6-31G** basis set. What is more, the synthetic routes with feasible reagents and conditions are presented. The subject of theoretical considerations are two pyrene derivatives which contain at position 1 and 3 pyrazolyl substituents and at position 7 amine (1) or boron (2) derivative. The theoretical calculations were also performed for the osmium complexes with mentioned ligands (3 and 4). The influence of electron-donating/accepting character of the substituent at position 7 of pyrene on the properties of molecules has been established.

scholarly journals Digital technologies for promotion of healthy eating habits in teenagers

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 513-520 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Magalhães de Alcântara ◽  
Amanda Newle Sousa Silva ◽  
Patrícia Neyva da Costa Pinheiro ◽  
Maria Veraci Oliveira Queiroz
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Nutrition Interventions ◽  
Online Programs ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Nutritional Advice ◽  
Healthy Eating Habits ◽  
The Subject

ABSTRACT Objective: Identify and analyze the scientific literature on digital technologies for promotion of healthy eating habits in teenagers. Method: Integrative review of articles published in English and Spanish, available in full on four databases. The descriptors used were (Adolescent health) OR (Teen health) AND (Healthy diet) OR (Healthy eating) AND (Educational technology) OR (Instructional technology), respectively, from which eight articles were selected. Results: Among the studies included, three were digital games; two web-based nutrition interventions; two using online programs to prevent obesity; and one nutritional advice using multimedia. They showed experiences of digital technology and its effects on knowledge improvement and/or behavior of participants when developing healthy eating habits. Conclusion: Digital technologies are innovative tools present in the lives of teenagers, with the possibility of being used for education and promotion of healthy eating, contributing to the empowerment of the subject for his/her self-care.

scholarly journals In Defence of ‘Noir Theory’: Laruelle, Deleuze, and Other Detectives

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 123-144
Author(s):  
Rob Coley
Keyword(s):  
Gilles Deleuze ◽  
Cultural Theory ◽  
Crime Fiction ◽  
Critical Thought ◽  
The Real ◽  
Mode Of Detection ◽  
The Subject

What happens when theory falters? A concern with the anthropocentric limitations of critical thought dominates contemporary cultural theory. For Joanna Zylinska, however, this concern often reflects a longstanding humanist anxiety, one that is today renewed in the form of ‘noir theory’, a reactionary scholarship that redeems the universalist human as the subject of reason. There is, though, more than one mode of noir theory, and a certain tendency of ‘noir’ affords the basis for theorizing another kind of universalism, a non-reactionary account of the real. This article takes seriously the allusion to noir as a particular mode of detection. Its investigation begins with Gilles Deleuze, who commends crime fiction for providing an image of thought that works against humanist orthodoxy. Yet present circumstances demand investigating a blacker kind of noir, one that operates negatively, a noir theory that can be detected in the strange realism of François Laruelle.

scholarly journals Brand Management of Catholic Church in Poland

Religions ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 607
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Ignatowski ◽  
Łukasz Sułkowski ◽  
Robert Seliga
Keyword(s):  
Catholic Church ◽  
Brand Management ◽  
Marketing Ethics ◽  
Generational Change ◽  
Management Processes ◽  
Controversial Topic ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Controversial Area ◽  
Theoretical Considerations ◽  
The Catholic Church

Building the brand of the Catholic Church is an area that is little explored in the literature on the subject. This issue turns out to be a very controversial area due to the nature of the activities and the sphere in which these activities are to be performed (marketing, ethics, religion, and faith). The article presents the results of qualitative research conducted among clergymen in Poland and is additionally based on the analysis of the literature on the subject. The theoretical considerations and research results presented in the article help to develop an understanding of the activities of the Catholic Church in Poland, aimed at strengthening the value of its brand. It should be noted that the generational change taking place in Poland forces the clergy to change their narrative and way of conducting dialogue. The previous generations, based on the faith and ethos of John Paul II, also expect modern forms of communication more and more often, which leads to building the brand value of the Catholic Church in Poland. The article discusses the specificity of the interdependence of the Church and marketing, identifies the issues of building the brand of the Catholic Church and the use of modern marketing tools in this process, and presents the results of its own research, which leads to the drawing of final conclusions verifying the research questions posed in the research methodology. This article may initiate an extended discussion on the controversial topic of the implementation of commercial marketing tools into management processes in the Catholic Church.

Real World Anthropology in two Settings: A Nursing Home and a Health Care Policy Project

1998 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 11-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renee Shield
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Nursing Home ◽  
Rhode Island ◽  
Real World ◽  
Health Care Policy ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Anthropological Perspective ◽  
Ritual Performance ◽  
Reform Project ◽  
The Subject

Anthropologists have a unique opportunity to address real-world issues of aging in our own country. In graduate school I decided to redirect an ethnomusicological interest in ritual performance into an anthropological perspective on the subject of age. For one thing, as a new parent, I realized I was aging. Performance based questions in ethnomusicological suggested a lens through which to view aging. I did my dissertation on an American nursing home, applying concepts of rites of passage, performance and reciprocity to understand the behavior and the perspectives of nursing home participants. In subsequent years I have had two more opportunities to use the anthropologic lens to focus on aging in Rhode Island, first, as an educator in a nursing home and, second, as a participant in a health care reform project for the elderly of Rhode Island.

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