Studies on mechanical properties of thermoplastic composites prepared from flax-polypropylene needle punched nonwovens

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 489-499 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.R. Giri Dev ◽  
A.K.P. Dhanakodi
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Thermoplastic Composites ◽  
Flexural Properties ◽  
Process Variables ◽  
Molding Process ◽  
Impact Properties ◽  
Dummy Variable ◽  
Weight Proportion

Abstract Natural fiber reinforced thermoplastic composites using flax and polypropylene were prepared using compression molding process. Needle punched nonwovens were used as preforms for preparing the composites. Three variables namely fiber weight proportion, areal weight of the mat, and needling density were chosen for the study. Modified Taguchi L18 experimental design with dummy variable was chosen for the study and the effect of the above variables on tensile, flexural, and impact properties of the composites were studied. By altering the fiber weight proportion and areal weight of the mat, tensile and flexural properties improved. An increase in 34% of tensile strength and 40% of flexural strength has been observed. Impact properties of the composites were significantly altered by modifying the process variables. Increasing the needling density led to a decrease in overall mechanical properties of the composites.

Mechanical Property Studies on Flax Fiber Reinforced Basalt Powder Filled Polyester Composite

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Arumugaprabu ◽  
K.Arun Prasath ◽  
S. Mangaleswaran ◽  
M. Manikanda Raja ◽  
R. Jegan
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Mechanical Property ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Tensile Load ◽  
Flax Fiber ◽  
Flexural Properties ◽  
Weight Percentage ◽  
Tensile Impact ◽  
Polyester Composite ◽  
Additional Support

: The objective of this research is to evaluate the tensile, impact and flexural properties of flax fiber and basalt powder filled polyester composite. Flax fiber is one of the predominant reinforcement natural fiber which possess good mechanical properties and addition of basalt powder as a filler provides additional support to the composite. The Composites are prepared using flax fiber arranged in 10 layers with varying weight percentage of the basalt powder as 5 wt.%, 10 wt.%, 15 wt.%, 20 wt.%, 25 wt.% and 30 wt.% respectively. From the results it is inferred that the composite combination 10 Layers of flax / 5 wt.%, basalt Powder absorbs more tensile load of 145 MPa. Also, for the same combination maximum flexural strength is about 60 MPa. Interestingly in the case of impact strength more energy was absorbed by 10 layers of flax and 30 wt.% of basalt powder. In addition, the failure mechanism of the composites also discussed briefly using SEM studies.

scholarly journals Effect of Moisture Content on the Processing and Mechanical Properties of a Biodegradable Polyester

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 1616
Author(s):  
Vincenzo Titone ◽  
Antonio Correnti ◽  
Francesco Paolo La Mantia
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Mechanical Testing ◽  
Hydrolytic Degradation ◽  
Slight Reduction ◽  
Biodegradable Polyester ◽  
Molding Process ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Effect Of Moisture

This work is focused on the influence of moisture content on the processing and mechanical properties of a biodegradable polyester used for applications in injection molding. The pellets of the biodegradable polyester were exposed under different relative humidity conditions at a constant temperature before being compression molded. The compression-molded specimens were again placed under the above conditions before the mechanical testing. With all these samples, it is possible to determine the effect of moisture content on the processing and mechanical properties separately, as well as the combined effect of moisture content on the mechanical properties. The results obtained showed that the amount of absorbed water—both before processing and before mechanical testing—causes an increase in elongation at break and a slight reduction of the elastic modulus and tensile strength. These changes have been associated with possible hydrolytic degradation during the compression molding process and, in particular, with the plasticizing action of the moisture absorbed by the specimens.

Co-milling-assisted exfoliated graphite nanoplatelets filler introduction in polyethylene and alumina composites

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (13) ◽  
pp. 1815-1826
Author(s):  
Sheng Cai Tan ◽  
Jimmy KW Chan ◽  
Kian Ping Loh
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Exfoliated Graphite ◽  
Flexural Properties ◽  
Graphite Nanoplatelets ◽  
Alumina Composites ◽  
Exfoliated Graphite Nanoplatelets ◽  
Polyethylene Composites

This paper aims to investigate the effect of co-milling-assisted exfoliation of graphite into polyethylene and alumina matrices on the mechanical properties of the composites. Tensile mechanical properties of composite materials based on polyethylene reinforced with graphite and graphite-derived fillers at 0–0.75 wt% loading were investigated, while hardness and flexural properties of alumina composites with 0.25 wt% loading of the same additives were assessed. Exfoliated graphite, applied at 0.25–0.75 wt% in pre-exfoliated form or in a co-milling-assisted fashion, has been demonstrated to be effective in enhancing the tensile strength of polyethylene composites. Similar enhancement in hardness and flexural properties was observed in alumina composites with 0.25 wt% loading of the exfoliated graphite. Co-milling-assisted exfoliated graphite nanoplatelets additive introduction has been found to effect a more desirable mechanical properties enhancement in the composites investigated in this study.

scholarly journals Effects of High-Temperature Exposure on the Mechanical Properties of Kenaf Composites

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nabilah Afiqah Mohd Radzuan ◽  
Dulina Tholibon ◽  
Abu Bakar Sulong ◽  
Norhamidi Muhamad ◽  
Che Hassan Che Haron
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Molding Process ◽  
Kenaf Fiber ◽  
Polypropylene Composites ◽  
Safety Issues ◽  
Automotive Parts ◽  
Kenaf Composites ◽  
Temperature Exposure ◽  
Kenaf Fibers

Automotive parts, including dashboards and trunk covers, are now fabricated through a compression-molding process in order to produce lightweight products and optimize fuel consumption. However, their mechanical strength is not compromised to avoid safety issues. Therefore, this study investigates kenaf-fiber-reinforced polypropylene composites using a simple combing approach to unidirectionally align kenaf fibers at 0°. The kenaf composite was found to withstand a maximal temperature of 120 °C. The tensile and flexural strengths of the aligned kenaf composites (50 and 90 MPa, respectively) were three times higher than those of the commercialized Product T (between 39 and 30.5 MPa, respectively) at a temperature range of 90 to 120 °C. These findings clearly showed that the mechanical properties of aligned kenaf fibers fabricated through the combing technique were able to withstand high operating temperatures (120 °C), and could be used as an alternative to other commercial natural-fiber products.

High flow compression molding for recycling discontinuous long fiber thermoplastic composites

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (23) ◽  
pp. 3343-3350
Author(s):  
Éric Léger ◽  
Benoit Landry ◽  
Gabriel LaPlante
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Compression Molding ◽  
High Flow ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Thermoplastic Composites ◽  
Direction Parallel ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Long Fiber Thermoplastic ◽  
Flow Compression

An investigation into high flow compression molding for recycling thermoplastic discontinuous long fiber composites is presented. High flow recycled panels and conventional low flow baseline panels were produced with a large rectangular (2:1 aspect ratio) mold. Flow was induced in the recycled panels by stacking cut sections of conventionally produced baseline panels in the center of the mold cavity, representing 25% initial coverage. High flow compression molded panels were found to exhibit significantly higher than baseline tensile strength (+50%) and modulus (+31%) when tested in the direction parallel to flow. When tested in the direction perpendicular to flow, the opposite effect was found, with reductions in tensile strength (−42%) and modulus (−37%). However, when the average results of both directions are compared to baseline, no significant difference was found between the recycled and baseline panels. This severe anisotropic redistribution of mechanical properties suggests chip orientation is affected by flow. Additionally, micrographic analysis revealed that high flow molding induces intra-ply chip shearing and a reduction in resin rich regions within panels. Baseline panels also exhibited in-plane anisotropy, despite initial random distribution of chips and no or near no flow induced during molding. In this case, mechanical properties favored the direction perpendicular to that of the recycled panels.

The Effect of Polypropylene Fiber on the Mechanical Properties of Self-Compacting Concrete

2010 ◽  
Vol 168-170 ◽  
pp. 1325-1329
Author(s):  
Ye Ran Zhu ◽  
Jun Cai ◽  
Dong Wang ◽  
Guo Hong Huang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Polypropylene Fiber ◽  
Flexural Properties ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Self Compacting Concrete ◽  
Bending Tests ◽  
Flexural Toughness ◽  
Four Point Bending

This paper investigates the mechanical properties (compressive strength, splitting tensile strength and flexural toughness) of polypropylene fiber reinforced self-compacting concrete (PFRSCC). The effect of the incorporation of polypropylene fiber on the mechanical properties of PFRSCC is determined. Four point bending tests on beam specimens were performed to evaluate the flexural properties of PFRSCC. Test results indicate that flexural toughness and ductility are remarkably improved by the addition of polypropylene fiber.

Poly(Butylene Succinate) Composites Reinforced with Short Sisal Fibres

2001 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 333-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitsuhiro Shibata ◽  
Retsu Makino ◽  
Ryutoku Yosomiya ◽  
Hiroyuku Takeishi
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Fibre Length ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Fibre Content ◽  
Flexural Properties ◽  
Melt Mixing ◽  
Butylene Succinate ◽  
Sisal Fibre ◽  
The Matrix

Poly(butylene succinate) composites reinforced with short sisal fibre were prepared by melt mixing and subsequent injection moulding. The influence of fibre length, fibre content and the surface treatment of the natural fibres on the mechanical properties of the composites were evaluated. Regarding fibre length, the tensile and flexural properties of the composites had maxima at a fibre length of about 5 mm. The flexural and tensile moduli of the composites increased with increasing fibre content. Although the tensile strength hardly changed, the flexural strength increased up to a fibre content of 10 wt%. The dynamic mechanical analysis of the composites showed that the storage moduli at above ca.-16°C (corresponding to the glass transition temperature of the matrix) increased with increasing fibre content.

Degradation Behaviour of Nanosilica Enhanced Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch Fiber Epoxy Composites

2020 ◽  
Vol 305 ◽  
pp. 28-35
Author(s):  
Anslem Wong Tsu An ◽  
Sujan Debnath ◽  
Vincent Lee Chieng Chen ◽  
Moola Mohan Reddy ◽  
Alokesh Pramanik
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Fiber Composites ◽  
Epoxy Composites ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunch ◽  
Degradation Behaviour ◽  
Brine Solution

In recent years, studies regarding natural fiber reinforced composites have been increased as they are biodegradable with good mechanical performance therefore can help to overcome the environmental issue. As the natural fibers are easy to obtain, many industries have started to make use of natural fiber composites which are light in weight and possess good mechanical properties. However, the natural fiber composites also possess certain limitations most importantly their high moisture absorption ability which makes them incompatible at degradable environment. The fiber constituents of natural fiber composite may have different type of interactions at different environmental conditions. In addition, the involvement of nanoparticles in the composite may be the solution to overcome the deficiencies. In this research, the degradation behaviour of Oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) fibers reinforced epoxy composites upon exposure to degradable environmental conditions and the effect of adding nanoparticles have been studied. The tensile tests were conducted before and after the exposure to different environmental conditions including plain water, moist soil, brine solution, and cooking oil. Results shows that the addition of 10wt% of OPEFB fiber to the epoxy composites had improved the mechanical tensile strength up to 15.97% and composites exposed to brine solution have the most prominent sign of degradation in mechanical properties in both composites with and without nanosilica. Nevertheless, the composites with nanosilica have shown up to 24.28% improvement in tensile strength after exposure to different environmental conditions. The improvement were attributed due to filling the voids of the composites with nanosilica and good interfacial adhesion between the nanofiller, fiber, and matrix.

Tensile Properties of Hybrid Sugar Palm/Kenaf Fibre Reinforced Polypropylene Composites

2014 ◽  
Vol 695 ◽  
pp. 155-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dandi Bachtiar ◽  
Januar Parlaungan Siregar ◽  
Ahmad Syahrizan bin Sulaiman ◽  
Mohd Ruzaimi bin Mat Rejab
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Weight Percent ◽  
Thermoplastic Composites ◽  
Molding Process ◽  
Polypropylene Composites ◽  
Kenaf Fibre ◽  
Natural Composites ◽  
Kenaf Fibres

Study on hybridization of two types of natural fibres reinforced thermoplastic composites was an alternative option in research on natural composites. This paper presents the investigation on tensile properties of combining sugar palm and kenaf fibres reinforced polypropylene composites. The hybrid composites were prepared with different amounts of fibres (i.e. 10%, 20% and 30% by weight percent) while the ratios between sugar palm and kenaf fibre are 30:70, 50:50 and 70:30. The composites have been fabricated using melt mixer technique and followed by compression molding process. The specimens were cut according ASTM Standard D638 for conducting the tensile testing. The results shown that tensile strength of composites tend to decreased when the content of loading fibres increased. Among the composites with different ratios, the hybrid composites that contain more kenaf fibres exhibit the higher value in tensile strength than the composites that contain more sugar palm fibres.

scholarly journals Impact Strength and Flexural Properties Enhancement of Methacrylate Silane Treated Oil Palm Mesocarp Fiber Reinforced Biodegradable Hybrid Composites

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chern Chiet Eng ◽  
Nor Azowa Ibrahim ◽  
Norhazlin Zainuddin ◽  
Hidayah Ariffin ◽  
Wan Md. Zin Wan Yunus
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Flexural Properties ◽  
Melt Blending ◽  
Fiber Loading ◽  
Hydrophobic Polymer ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Water Absorption Test

Natural fiber as reinforcement filler in polymer composites is an attractive approach due to being fully biodegradable and cheap. However, incompatibility between hydrophilic natural fiber and hydrophobic polymer matrix restricts the application. The current studies focus on the effects of incorporation of silane treated OPMF into polylactic acid (PLA)/polycaprolactone (PCL)/nanoclay/OPMF hybrid composites. The composites were prepared by melt blending technique and characterize the composites with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). FTIR spectra indicated that peak shifting occurs when silane treated OPMF was incorporated into hybrid composites. Based on mechanical properties results, incorporation of silane treated OPMF enhances the mechanical properties of unmodified OPMF hybrid composites with the enhancement of flexural and impact strength being 17.60% and 48.43%, respectively, at 10% fiber loading. TGA thermogram shows that incorporation of silane treated OPMF did not show increment in thermal properties of hybrid composites. SEM micrographs revealed that silane treated OPMF hybrid composites show good fiber/matrix adhesion as fiber is still embedded in the matrix and no cavity is present on the surface. Water absorption test shows that addition of less hydrophilic silane treated OPMF successfully reduces the water uptake of hybrid composites.

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