Progress on nanoparticle-based carbon nanotube complex: fabrication and potential application

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amin Termeh Yousefi ◽  
Minoru Fukumori ◽  
Pandey Reetu Raj ◽  
Polin Liu ◽  
Lingxiang Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Nanostructured Materials ◽  
Potential Application ◽  
Active Surface ◽  
Semiconductor Nanoparticles ◽  
Active Surface Area ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Magnetic Applications

AbstractCarbon nanotubes (CNTs) are considered as one of the most intensively explored nanostructured materials and have been widely used as a platform material for metal and semiconductor nanoparticles (NPs) due to their large and chemically active surface area. Several approaches have been described in the literature to immobilize NPs on the surface of CNTs. This report reviews the recent developments in this area by exploring the various techniques where nanotubes can be functionalized with NPs to improve the optical, mechanical, thermal, medical, electrical, and magnetic applications of CNTs.

A dual-enzyme, micro-band array biosensor based on the electrodeposition of carbon nanotubes embedded in chitosan and nanostructured Au-foams on microfabricated gold band electrodes

The Analyst ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 145 (2) ◽  
pp. 402-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vuslat B. Juska ◽  
Martyn E. Pemble
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Electrochemical Biosensor ◽  
Active Surface ◽  
Active Surface Area ◽  
Array Biosensor

We report the development of a dual-enzyme electrochemical biosensor based on microfabricated gold band array electrodes which were first modified by gold foam (Au-foam) in order to dramatically increase the active surface area.

scholarly journals Multifunctional structural energy storage composite supercapacitors

2014 ◽  
Vol 172 ◽  
pp. 81-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natasha Shirshova ◽  
Hui Qian ◽  
Matthieu Houllé ◽  
Joachim H. G. Steinke ◽  
Anthony R. J. Kucernak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Carbon Fibre ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Active Surface ◽  
Initial Reaction ◽  
Active Surface Area ◽  
Carbon Fibres ◽  
Structural Carbon

This paper addresses the challenge of producing multifunctional composites that can simultaneously carry mechanical loads whilst storing (and delivering) electrical energy. The embodiment is a structural supercapacitor built around laminated structural carbon fibre (CF) fabrics. Each cell consists of two modified structural CF fabric electrodes, separated by a structural glass fibre fabric or polymer membrane, infused with a multifunctional polymeric electrolyte. Rather than using conventional activated carbon fibres, structural carbon fibres were treated to produce a mechanically robust, high surface area material, using a variety of methods, including direct etching, carbon nanotube sizing, and carbon nanotubein situgrowth. One of the most promising approaches is to integrate a porous bicontinuous monolithic carbon aerogel (CAG) throughout the matrix. This nanostructured matrix both provides a dramatic increase in active surface area of the electrodes, and has the potential to address mechanical issues associated with matrix-dominated failures. The effect of the initial reaction mixture composition is assessed for both the CAG modified carbon fibre electrodes and resulting devices. A low temperature CAG modification of carbon fibres was evaluated using poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) to enhance the electrochemical performance. For the multifunctional structural electrolyte, simple crosslinked gels have been replaced with bicontinuous structural epoxy–ionic liquid hybrids that offer a much better balance between the conflicting demands of rigidity and molecular motion. The formation of both aerogel precursors and the multifunctional electrolyte are described, including the influence of key components, and the defining characteristics of the products. Working structural supercapacitor composite prototypes have been produced and characterised electrochemically. The effect of introducing the necessary multifunctional resin on the mechanical properties has also been assessed. Larger scale demonstrators have been produced including a full size car boot/trunk lid.

Fabrication of High-Density Carbon-Nanotube Coatings on Microstructured Substrates

2000 ◽  
Vol 621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng Chen ◽  
Yonhua Tzeng ◽  
Chao Liu
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
High Vacuum ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Active Surface ◽  
Deposition Process ◽  
Ultra High Vacuum ◽  
Active Surface Area ◽  
Field Emission Properties ◽  
Ni Substrate

ABSTRACTFabrication and characterization of carbon nanotubes deposited on microstructured Ni substrate are presented. The highly active surface-area of the microstructured Ni substrate provides highdensity nucleation sites for carbon nanotubes. Coated fine Ni powder also serves as a catalyst for the nanotube growth. Hydrocarbon mixtures were used as the carbon source for the chemical vapor deposition process. Carbon nanotubes deposited on the microstructured Ni substrate were examined by SEM. An ultra high vacuum chamber was used to characterize the field emission properties of carbon nanotube coatings.

scholarly journals The electrochemical properties of carbon nanotubes and carbon XC-72R and their application as Pt supports§

2010 ◽  
Vol 75 (10) ◽  
pp. 1435-1439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maja Obradovic
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Electron Transfer ◽  
Electrochemical Properties ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Carbon Materials ◽  
Active Surface ◽  
Active Surface Area ◽  
Electron Transfer Kinetics ◽  
Electrochemically Active ◽  
Electrochemically Active Surface

The results of an investigation of two samples of commercial multi-walled carbon nanotubes and a sample of carbon black, in the raw and activated state, were presented in the lecture. The activation of the carbon materials led to the formation of an abundance of oxygencontaining functional groups on the surface, an increased electrochemically active surface area, an enhanced charge storage ability and a promotion of the electron-transfer kinetics. It was presented that the morphology of the carbon nanotubes is important for the electrochemical properties, because nanotubes with a higher proportion of edge and defect sites showed faster electron transfer and pseudocapacitive redox kinetics. Modification of oxidized nanotubes by ethylenediamine and wrapping by poly(diallyldimethylammonium) chloride led to a decrease in the electrochemically active surface area and to reduced electron-transfer kinetics. Pt nanoparticles prepared by the microwave-assisted polyol method were deposited at the investigated carbon materials. A much higher efficiency of Pt deposition was observed on the modified CNTs than on the activated CNTs. The activity of the synthesized catalyst toward electrochemical oxygen reduction was almost the same as the activity of the commercial Pt/XC-72 catalyst.

Tenacious Mass Transfer Limitations Drive Catalytic Selectivity during Electrochemical Carbon Dioxide Reduction

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kailun Yang ◽  
Recep Kas ◽  
Wilson A. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Catalyst Layer ◽  
Active Surface ◽  
Active Surface Area ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Copper Electrodes ◽  
Surface Enhanced ◽  
Local Current

<p>This study evaluated the performance of the commonly used strong buffer electrolytes, i.e. phosphate buffers, during CO<sub>2</sub> electroreduction in neutral pH conditions by using in-situ surface enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy (SEIRAS). Unfortunately, the buffers break down a lot faster than anticipated which has serious implications on many studies in the literature such as selectivity and kinetic analysis of the electrocatalysts. Increasing electrolyte concentration, surprisingly, did not extend the potential window of the phosphate buffers due to dramatic increase in hydrogen evolution reaction. Even high concentration phosphate buffers (1 M) break down within the potentials (-1 V vs RHE) where hydrocarbons are formed on copper electrodes. We have extended the discussion to high surface area electrodes by evaluating electrodes composed of copper nanowires. We would like highlight that it is not possible to cope with high local current densities on these high surface area electrodes by using high buffer capacity solutions and the CO<sub>2</sub> electrocatalysts are needed to be evaluated by casting thin nanoparticle films onto inert substrates as commonly employed in fuel cell reactions and up to now scarcely employed in CO<sub>2</sub> electroreduction. In addition, we underscore that normalization of the electrocatalytic activity to the electrochemical active surface area is not the ultimate solution due to concentration gradient along the catalyst layer.This will “underestimate” the activity of high surface electrocatalyst and the degree of underestimation will depend on the thickness, porosity and morphology of the catalyst layer. </p> <p> </p>

Increasing Active Surface Area to Fabricate Ultra-Hydrophobic Surface by Using “Black Silicon” with Bosch Etching Process

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 4919-4927 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nithi Atthi ◽  
Jakrapong Supadech ◽  
Gaetan Dupuy ◽  
On-uma Nimittrakoolchai ◽  
Apirak Pankiew ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Hydrophobic Surface ◽  
Active Surface ◽  
Etching Process ◽  
Black Silicon ◽  
Active Surface Area
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