scholarly journals Adsorption of volatile polonium species on metals in various gas atmospheres: Part II – Adsorption of volatile polonium on platinum, silver and palladium

2016 ◽  
Vol 104 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilio Andrea Maugeri ◽  
Jörg Neuhausen ◽  
Ryszard Misiak ◽  
Robert Eichler ◽  
Rugard Dressler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inert Atmosphere ◽  
Crucial Importance ◽  
Nuclear Facilities ◽  
Driven Systems ◽  
Lead Bismuth Eutectic ◽  
Accelerator Driven Systems ◽  
Silver Surfaces

AbstractThis work presents the results obtained from studying the interaction between polonium compounds formed in different atmospheres and platinum, palladium and silver surfaces obtained by thermochromatography. These results are of crucial importance for the design of cover gas filter systems for lead-bismuth eutectic (LBE)-based nuclear facilities such as accelerator driven systems (ADS). The results obtained from studying the interaction of polonium and platinum under inert atmosphere and reducing atmospheres with and without addition of moisture show that polonium is deposited at temperatures between 993 and 1221 K, with adsorption enthalpies ranging from –235 to –291 kJ mol

scholarly journals Use of the transpiration method to study polonium evaporation from liquid lead-bismuth eutectic at high temperature

2014 ◽  
Vol 102 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Borja Gonzalez Prieto ◽  
Alessandro Marino ◽  
Jun Lim ◽  
Kris Rosseel ◽  
Johan Martens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Lead ◽  
Driven Systems ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Transpiration Method ◽  
Equilibrium And Kinetics ◽  
Quantitative Understanding ◽  
Safety Assessments ◽  
Lead Bismuth Eutectic ◽  
Accelerator Driven Systems ◽  
Kinetics Of

AbstractQualitative and quantitative understanding of Po volatilization under different conditions is of key importance for safety assessments of lead-bismuth eutectic (LBE) based nuclear reactors, spallation targets and accelerator driven systems. In this work we explore the possibilities of the transpiration method in combination with simple models to study the equilibrium and kinetics of Po evaporation from highly diluted solutions in lead-bismuth eutectic between 600 and 1000 ℃ in Ar/5% H

scholarly journals A Review of the Surface Modifications for Corrosion Mitigation of Steels in Lead and LBE

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Jean-Bernard Vogt ◽  
Ingrid Proriol Serre
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Metals ◽  
Protective Coatings ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steels ◽  
Martensitic Steels ◽  
Driven Systems ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Critical Issues ◽  
Lead Bismuth Eutectic ◽  
Accelerator Driven Systems ◽  
Gen Iv

The review paper starts with the applications of liquid metals and then concentrates on lead and lead–bismuth eutectic used in Gen IV nuclear reactors and accelerator-driven systems. Key points of degradation modes of austenitic stainless steels and ferritic-martensitic steels, candidates for the structural components, are briefly summarized. Corrosion and liquid metal embrittlement are critical issues that must be overcome. Next, the paper focuses on the strong efforts paid to the mitigation of corrosion and reviews the different solutions proposed for the protection of steels in lead and lead–bismuth eutectic. There exist promising solutions based on protection by deposition of protective coatings or protection by “natural” oxidation resulting from optimized chemical composition of the steels. However, the solutions have to be confirmed especially by longer-term experiments and by additional mechanical testing.

scholarly journals Adsorption of volatile polonium and bismuth species on metals in various gas atmospheres: Part I – Adsorption of volatile polonium and bismuth on gold

2016 ◽  
Vol 104 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilio Andrea Maugeri ◽  
Jörg Neuhausen ◽  
Robert Eichler ◽  
Rugard Dressler ◽  
Kim Rijpstra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Target Material ◽  
Gold Surfaces ◽  
Adsorption Enthalpy ◽  
Spallation Target ◽  
Driven Systems ◽  
Reactor Coolant ◽  
Lead Bismuth Eutectic ◽  
Accelerator Driven Systems

AbstractPolonium isotopes are considered the most hazardous radionuclides produced during the operation of accelerator driven systems (ADS) when lead–bismuth eutectic (LBE) is used as the reactor coolant and as the spallation target material. In this work the use of gold surfaces for capturing polonium from the cover gas of the ADS reactor was studied by thermochromatography. The results show that gaseous monoatomic polonium, formed in dry hydrogen, is adsorbed on gold at 1058 K. Its adsorption enthalpy was calculated as –250±7 kJ mol

Alternative definitions of kinetic parameters for accelerator driven systems

2012 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 12-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Talamo ◽  
Yousry Gohar ◽  
Sandra Dulla ◽  
Piero Ravetto
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Parameters ◽  
Driven Systems ◽  
Accelerator Driven Systems

scholarly journals Nuclear Level Density Parameters ofPb203-209andBi206-210Deformed Target Isotopes Used on Accelerator-Driven Systems in Collective Excitation Modes

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Şeref Okuducu ◽  
Nisa N. Aktı ◽  
Sabahattin Akbaş ◽  
M. Orhan Kansu
Keyword(s):  
Collective Excitation ◽  
Level Density ◽  
Neutron Resonance ◽  
Nuclear Level Density ◽  
S Wave ◽  
Nuclear Level ◽  
Driven Systems ◽  
Resonance Data ◽  
Accelerator Driven Systems ◽  
Good Agreement

The nuclear level density parameters of some deformed isotopes of target nuclei (Pb, Bi) used on the accelerator-driven subcritical systems (ADSs) have been calculated taking into consideration different collective excitation modes of observed nuclear spectra near the neutron binding energy. The method used in the present work assumes equidistant spacing of the collective coupled state bands of the considered isotopes. The present calculated results for different collective excitation bands have been compared with the compiled values from the literature for s-wave neutron resonance data, and good agreement was found.

Definition and Application of Proton Source Efficiency in Accelerator-Driven Systems

2003 ◽  
Vol 145 (3) ◽  
pp. 390-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Per Seltborg ◽  
Jan Wallenius ◽  
Kamil Tucek ◽  
Waclaw Gudowski
Keyword(s):  
Driven Systems ◽  
Proton Source ◽  
Accelerator Driven Systems

Spallation-reaction cross-sections relevant for accelerator-driven systems

1998 ◽  
Vol 111 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 1097-1103
Author(s):  
F. Farget ◽  
J. Benlliure ◽  
T. Enqvist ◽  
J. Taieb ◽  
K. -H. Schmidt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Reaction Cross ◽  
Spallation Reaction ◽  
Driven Systems ◽  
Accelerator Driven Systems ◽  
Reaction Cross Sections
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